Trams in China

Last updated

The first tram in Shanghai (1908) First tram in Shanghai.jpg
The first tram in Shanghai (1908)
Dalian Liaoning China Historical-Tramway-01.jpg
Dalian historical tram. Its use is still preserved to date in limited area in the city.
DL6WA.jpg
Dalian modern tram. Tram type DL6WA, mark Dalianren (meaning "Dalian people") manufactured by Tram Factory of Dalian Public Transport Group. The blue one is manufactured in 2009, the other in 2001–2003.
Changchun Trams 952 and 909 near Changjiulu (20230722102402).jpg
Changchun Trams

Several cities in China had tram systems during the 20th century; however, by the end of the century, only Dalian and Changchun remained extant. [1] However the 21st century has seen a resurgence in tram transport systems as China attempts to combat with urban traffic congestion and pollution.

Contents

List of historical tram systems

New tram systems

Tianjin and Shanghai have recently introduced rubber tired trams for their TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram and Zhangjiang Tram respectively.

In 2011, Shenyang city decided to construct a new tram network to complement its new metro network. The first three lines of the new system were opened on August 15, 2013. [3] [4] A year later, Nanjing opened the new Hexi trams just before the 2014 Youth Olympics. Since them new tram systems opened in a number of cities in China such as Qingdao, Guangzhou, Shenzhen, Suzhou, Zhuhai, Wuhan, Huai'an and Beijing.

Light rail/Tram systems

Legend

  - In operation.
  - Under test run.
  - Out of service

Lines
Line (not services)SystemLocaleLengthStationsOpened
Xijiao line Beijing Subway* Beijing 08.8 km (5.5 mi)62017-12-30
Yizhuang T1 line Beijing Subway* Beijing 11.9 km (7.4 mi)142020-12-31
54 Changchun Tram Changchun 07.6 km (4.7 mi)16 (10 shared)1941-11-01
55 Changchun Tram Changchun 09.6 km (6.0 mi)19 (10 shared)1941-11-01
Line 3 Changchun Subway* Changchun 31.9 km (19.8 mi)322002-10-30
Line 2 Chengdu Metro* Chengdu 39.3 km (24.4 mi)352018-12-26
201 Dalian Tram Dalian 11.6 km (7.2 mi)181909-??-??
202 Dalian Tram Dalian 12.6 km (7.8 mi)191909-??-??
Gaoming Tram (TGM1) Foshan Gaoming Tram Foshan 6.57 km (4.08 mi) [5] 102019-12-30 [5]
Nanhai Tram Line 1 (TNH1) Foshan Nanhai Tram Foshan 14.4 km (8.9 mi) [6] 152021-08-18 [6]
Haizhu Tram (THZ1) Guangzhou Modern Tram Guangzhou 07.7 km (4.8 mi)112014-12-31
Huangpu Tram Line 1 Guangzhou Modern Tram Guangzhou 14.3 km (8.9 mi) [7] 192020-07-01 [7]
5XX, 6XX, 7XX MTR Hong Kong 36.2 km (22.5 mi)681988-09-18 [lower-alpha 1] [lower-alpha 2]
Hong Kong Tramways Hong Kong Tramways Hong Kong 30.0 km (18.6 mi)1201904-07-30 [lower-alpha 3]
Line 1 Honghe Modern Tram Mengzi 13.3 km (8.3 mi)152020-10-01
Line 1 Huai'an Modern Tram Huai'an 20.0 km (12.4 mi)232015-12-28
Huangshi Tram Line 1 Huangshi Tram Huangshi 26.8 km (16.7 mi)302021-12-30
Line 1 Jiaxing Tram Jiaxing 11.2 km (7.0 mi) [8] 12 [8] 2021-06-25
Taipa Line Macau Light Rapid Transit Macau 9.3 km (5.8 mi) [9] 11 [9] 2019-12-10 [9]
Hexi line Nanjing Hexi Modern Tram Nanjing 07.6 km (4.7 mi)132014-08-01
Qilin line Nanjing Qilin Modern Tram Nanjing 08.9 km (5.5 mi)132017-10-31
Chengyang line Qingdao Modern Tram Qingdao 08.7 km (5.4 mi)122016-03-05
Line T1 Sanya Modern Tram Sanya 8.37 km (5.20 mi) [10] 152019-01-01
Line T1 Shanghai Songjiang Modern Tram Shanghai 2019-08-10
Line T2 Shanghai Songjiang Modern Tram Shanghai 13.9 km (8.6 mi)202018-12-26
Line 1 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 12.2 km (7.6 mi)27 (17 shared)2013-08-31
Line 2 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 14.8 km (9.2 mi)18 (12 shared)2013-08-31
Line 3 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 11.3 km (7.0 mi)18 (5 shared)2015-06-29
Line 4 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 2019-01-05
Line 5 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 21.4 km (13.3 mi)252013-08-31
Line 6 Shenyang Hunnan Modern Tram Shenyang 2019-01-05
Longhua line Shenzhen Modern Tram Shenzhen 11.7 km (7.3 mi)202017-10-28
Line 1 Suzhou New District Modern Tram Suzhou 25.7 km (16.0 mi)152014-10-26
Line 2 Suzhou New District Modern Tram Suzhou 18.6 km (11.6 mi)132018-08-31
Line 1 Tianshui Tram Tianshui 12.926 km (8.0 mi)122020-05-01 [11]
Line 4 Wenshan Tram Qiubei 13.96 km (8.7 mi) [12] 102021-05-15
Line T1 Wuhan Auto-city Modern Tram Wuhan 16.8 km (10.4 mi)222017-07-28
Line T1 Wuhan Optics Valley Modern Tram Wuhan 12.5 km (7.8 mi)17 (3 shared)2018-04-01
Line T2 Wuhan Optics Valley Modern Tram Wuhan 19.2 km (11.9 mi)25 (3 shared)2018-04-01
Line 1 Wuyi Tram Wuyi New Area (Nanping)26.185 km (16.271 mi) [13] 62022-01-01 [13]
Line 1 [14] Zhuhai Modern Tram Zhuhai 08.9 km (5.5 mi)142017-06-13
Line 1 Shanghai Zhangjiang Modern Tram Shanghai 09.8 km (6.1 mi)152010-01-01
TEDA line TEDA Modern Tram Tianjin 07.8 km (4.8 mi)142007-05-10

    Under construction

    Suspended

    Lanzhou New Area planned a 5-line modern tram network [21] but construction was halted in 2017 due to newly imposed restraints on borrowing. [22]

    Planned

    Lhasa, [24] Haikou, Quanzhou, [25] Zhengzhou, Kunshan, [26] Baotou, Korla, [26] Anshun, [26] Hangzhou, [27] Changzhou, [27] Taizhou [28] and Huangshan [29] are planning tram networks for the future.

    See also

    Notes

    1. Not part of China in 1988
    2. 5XX and 6XX lines opened in 1988; 7XX lines opened in 1993 with the opening of the Tin Shui Wai Extension  [ yue; zh-tw ] in three phases in 1993 (phases one and two) and 1995 (phase three) – phases four and five had since been opened in 2003.
    3. Not part of China in 1904

    Related Research Articles

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Tianjin Metro</span> Rapid-transit system of Tianjin, China

    The Tianjin Metro or Tianjin Rail Transit is the rapid transit system in the city of Tianjin, which was the second city in mainland China after Beijing to operate a subway system. First opened in 1984, the system currently has 10 operating lines and 217 stations spanning 301 km (187.0 mi).

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Urban rail transit in China</span>

    Urban rail transit in China encompasses a broad range of urban and suburban electric passenger rail mass transit systems including subway, light rail, tram and maglev. Some classifications also include non-rail bus rapid transport. As of 31 December 2023, China has the world's longest urban rail transit system with more than 10,000 km (6,200 mi) of urban rail nationwide in 49 systems in 47 cities, accounting for 9 of the 10 longest metro systems, with the exceptions of the Moscow Metro or metro systems in Seoul combined if metro systems in the same cities are merged in the rank.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Shenyang Metro</span> Public transport system in Shenyang, China

    The Shenyang Metro is a rapid transit system serving the city of Shenyang, Liaoning, China. It's the seventh operational subway system in Mainland China and the first in Northeast China.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Changchun Rail Transit</span> Public transport system in Changchun, China

    Changchun Rail Transit, is the rapid transit and light rail system in the city of Changchun, Jilin Province, China. Its first line, Line 3, is the first true light rail line in Mainland China. The system consists of three light rail lines and two rapid transit lines.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Jiaxing South railway station</span> Railway station in Jiaxing, China

    Jiaxingnan railway station is a railway station on the Shanghai–Hangzhou high-speed railway located in Nanhu District, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, People's Republic of China. It is only used for high-speed EMU G and D trains and has four platforms and eight rail lines. Normal-speed trains arrive at and depart from Jiaxing railway station.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Guiyang Metro</span> Metro system in Guiyang, China

    The Guiyang Metro is a rapid transit system in the city of Guiyang, Guizhou province, China. It is operated and branded as Guiyang Urban Rail Transit (GYURT).

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Trams in Beijing</span>

    The earliest tram (有轨电车) service in Beijing dates back to 1899, and trams were the main form of public transit from 1924 to the late 1950s before they were replaced by trolleybuses that follow the tram routes they replaced. However new tram services are being introduced in Beijing's suburbs.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Shenzhen Tram</span> Tram system in Shenzhen, China

    Shenzhen Tram is a light rail system consisting of two tram routes in Longhua District, Shenzhen, Guangdong, China. Construction commenced on 27 December 2013 and public testing started on 30 June 2017, with the system fully opening on 28 October 2017. The tram system integrates the north side of Longhua into the city's rail network and is expected to significantly ease commuting difficulties.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Guangzhou Tram</span> Tram system in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China

    Guangzhou Tram is the tram system in Guangzhou, Guangdong province, China. It is operated by Guangzhou Tram Corporation, a wholly owned subsidiary of Guangzhou Metro Corporation.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Wenzhou rail transit</span> Rapid transit system serving Wenzhou, China

    Wenzhou Rail Transit, operated by Wenzhou Mass Transit Rail Corporation, is the rapid transit network serving the city of Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province, China. Three lines have received approval from the NDRC, and two more lines are not approved by NDRC. Line S1 has been under construction since November 2011 and was opened in January 2019. Line S2 opened in August 2023. Line S3 is under construction and will open in 2027. The first three lines are projected to cost about 50 billion yuan.

    The Coastal corridor is a high-speed rail corridor running along the eastern coast of China, stretching from Dalian in the north to Fangchenggang in the south and passing through the cities of Shenyang, Qinhuangdao, Tianjin, Dongying, Weifang, Qingdao, Lianyungang, Yancheng, Nantong, Shanghai, Ningbo. Fuzhou, Xiamen, Shenzhen, and Zhanjiang. The Weifang–Qingdao stretch splits into two, one directly connecting Weifang to Qingdao, the other connecting Weifang to Qingdao through Yantai. Announced in 2016 as part of the national "eight vertical and eight horizontal" high-speed railway network as an expanded Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen passenger railway from the "four vertical and four horizontal" plan. The line will comprise a mixture of high-speed railway lines, upgraded conventional rail lines and intercity railways.

    Trams in Wuhan may refer to any one of the tram systems currently operational in the city of Wuhan, Hubei, China. The first tram started revenue service in Wuhan is the Auto-city T1 Line, which began on July 28, 2017. Subsequently, Optics Valley tram started revenue service from April 1, 2018.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Songjiang Tram</span> Overview of transport in Shanghai

    Songjiang Tram is a light rail tramway in Shanghai, China. The system consists of two lines totaling 31 km (19 mi) with 42 stations. Unlike the Zhangjiang Tram, Songjiang trams use centenary power supply and steel-wheeled rail systems. Most of them use independent rights of way. The intersection signal lights were adjusted through the system to make them pass first, and the running speed reaches 25-30km/h. Trains run from 6:00 till 22:00. With further extension of the network public transport modal split in Songjiang is expected from the current 23% to 40%.

    Tianshui Tram is a light rail system consisting of one route in Qinzhou District and Maiji District, Tianshui, Gansu, China.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Line 2 (Chengdu Tram)</span> Tram line in Chengdu, China

    Chengdu Tram Line 2 is a tram line in Chengdu, China. The line has a total length of 39.3 kilometres (24.4 mi) and 35 stations. It has a 'Y' layout and runs from the Chengdu West railway station to Pixian West railway station and Hongguang. The line was officially started in December 2015, and the 13.7 km (8.5 mi) demonstration section of the line was opened on 26 December 2018, and the remaining sections were opened on 27 December 2019.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Shanghai Rail Transit</span> Rail transit lines operating in Shanghai

    Shanghai Rail Transit includes all rail transit lines operating in Shanghai, mainly composed of High-volume railway system, Low-to-medium-volume railway system and Maglev system. The system was established on May 28, 1993, when Shanghai Metro Line 1 opened.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Bishan SkyShuttle</span> Rubber-tyred metro system in Chongqing, China

    The Bishan rubber-tyred tram, or Bishan SkyShuttle, is an elevated rubber-tyred metro line in Bishan District, Chongqing, China. The 15.4 kilometres (9.6 mi) long line has 15 stations. It runs from north to south, starting at Bishan station on Line 1 of Chongqing Rail Transit, and finishing at Bishan railway station, on the Chengdu–Chongqing intercity railway.

    <span class="mw-page-title-main">Jiaxing Tram</span> Tram service in Jiaxing, China

    Jiaxing Tram is a tram in Jiaxing, Zhejiang Province, China. There are seven lines planned for construction, which will span a length of about 98 kilometres (61 mi).

    References

    1. "China's Old Tram Systems - A Quick Round Up". China Rhyming. Hong Kong Railway Society. 25 February 2009. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
    2. Crush, Peter. "Kaiping Railway -China's second "first" railway" . Retrieved 19 September 2013.
    3. "沈阳有轨电车3号线载客运营 公交地铁无缝对接-沈阳-中华人民共和国交通运输部". zizhan.mot.gov.cn. Archived from the original on 2017-01-16.
    4. "Shenyang tramway opens". www.railwaygazette.com. Railway Gazette. 15 August 2013. Retrieved 19 September 2013.
    5. 1 2 "定了!12月30日,高明有轨电车开通初期运营". Foshan Metro. 2019-12-29.
    6. 1 2 "明天中午12点,南海有轨电车一号线首通段初期运营 ,未来可在这个点换乘地铁". 2021-08-17.
    7. 1 2 "官宣:黄埔有轨电车1号线示范段明天开通". 2020-06-30.
    8. 1 2 "嘉兴市有轨电车一期工程示范段开通公告". 2021-06-24.
    9. 1 2 3 "Macao LRT Opens next Tuesday, Free Rides until End of the Year". Macao Light Rapid Transit Corporation, Limited. 6 December 2019. Retrieved 13 April 2023.
    10. "三亚有轨电车示范线开通载客运营".
    11. "【视频】5月1日10点,天水有轨电车将通车运营". 2020-05-01.
    12. "云南文山州有轨电车示范项目4号线开始收费试运行".
    13. 1 2 "福建首条轻轨元旦通车运营!票价是……". 2021-12-30. 总长26.185km
    14. "珠海有轨电车停运许久 话题仍不断 到底是否该拆除?_运营". www.sohu.com. Retrieved 2021-07-03.
    15. "中国城市轨道交通网". www.chinametro.net. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
    16. "这不是铜梁"猪儿虫"而是"滚地龙"!铜梁导轨电车试验线进入单体调试阶段-上游新闻 汇聚向上的力量". www.cqcb.com. Retrieved 2024-03-26.
    17. "都江堰M-TR旅游客运专线本月底开工 2019年通车试运营_四川在线". sichuan.scol.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
    18. "[都江堰市]都江堰M-TR旅游客运专线主线开始施工 计划2020年正式运营_区县要情_成都市旅游政务网 - 成都,一座来了就不想离开的城市! - Power By D.Chain". 2018-06-12. Archived from the original on 2018-06-12. Retrieved 2020-06-12.
    19. "嘉兴市有轨电车、火车站枢纽及沪嘉城际铁路先行工程集中开工仪式成功举行". 2019-12-30.
    20. "西安高新区有轨电车试验线环境影响评价第一次公示". 2019-09-25.
    21. "Modern tram lines to be built in Lanzhou New Area". This is Lanzhou. 2015-11-17.
    22. "China GDP powers past debt purge, leaving trail of dead projects". The Asean Post. 2018-01-16.
    23. "天津市西青区低运量有轨电车T2线一期工程社会稳定风险分析信息公示". 2019-12-16.
    24. "拉萨轨道交通".
    25. fujian, chinanews. 泉州这两条现代有轨电车今年6月要开工 路线公布 | 中国新闻网-福建. www.fj.chinanews.com (in Chinese (China)). Retrieved 2018-05-06.
    26. 1 2 3 财政部公布第四批PPP示范项目 这三个有轨电车项目入选…… | 自由微信 | FreeWeChat. freewechat.com. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
    27. 1 2 有轨电车行业一周要闻. www.sohu.com. 2018-02-04. Retrieved 2018-05-06.
    28. "2019年通车!台州市首条现代有轨电车开工建设-台州频道". tz.zjol.com.cn. Retrieved 2020-05-29.
    29. "黄石经济技术开发区·铁山区". www.hsdz.gov.cn. Retrieved 2020-05-29.