1919 Croydon South by-election

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1919 Croydon South by-election
Flag of the United Kingdom.svg
  1918 14 November 1919 1922  
  Howard Houlder.jpg
Candidate Smith Houlder
Party Unionist Liberal
Popular vote11,7779,573
Percentage55.244.8

MP before election

Malcolm
Unionist

Subsequent MP

Smith
Unionist

The 1919 Croydon South by-election was a parliamentary by-election for the British House of Commons constituency of Croydon South on 14 November 1919.

Contents

Vacancy

The by-election was caused by the resignation of the sitting Unionist MP, Sir Ian Malcolm on 28 October 1919. He had been the MP for Croydon since December 1910.

Electoral history

Croydon was a traditionally strong area for the Unionists. The Croydon constituency was created in 1885 and won by the Unionists at every election. In 1918, it was divided into two seats, and its MP, Ian Malcolm, was elected for the new Croydon South seat. He was helped by the absence of a Liberal opponent and the official support of the Coalition government;

1918 general election [1]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Ian Malcolm 17,81371.8
Labour H. T. Muggeridge [2] 7,00628.2
Majority10,80743.6
Turnout 24,81955.0
Unionist win
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Candidates

Campaign

Polling Day was set for 14 November, just 17 days after the resignation of Malcolm. Close of Nominations occurred on 4 November to reveal a two cornered contest. Smith received official backing from the Coalition Government, while Houlder's candidacy was backed by the Liberal opposition.

Result

There was a big drop in the Unionist majority.

1919 Croydon South by-election [6]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
C Unionist Allan Smith 11,77755.2−16.6
Liberal Howard Houlder9,57344.8New
Majority2,20410.4−33.2
Turnout 21,35945.5−9.5
Unionist hold Swing N/A
Cindicates candidate endorsed by the coalition government.

Sir Allan Smith thought the result "was a victory for the forces of unity". [7]

Aftermath

Smith retained the seat at the following election because the anti-Unionist vote was split when Muggeridge intervened. Houlder did not stand for parliament again. The result at the following General election;

1922 general election [8]
PartyCandidateVotes%±%
Unionist Allan Smith 15,356 47.3
Labour H.T. Muggeridge 8,94227.5New
Liberal Thomas Dobson 8,18325.2
Majority6,41419.8
Turnout 32,48166.4
Unionist hold Swing

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References

  1. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918–1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1949
  2. Debrett's House of Commons 1922
  3. ‘SMITH, Sir Allan (Macgregor)’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2012; online edn, Oct 2012 accessed 16 Dec 2013
  4. Aberdeen Journal, 31 Oct 1919
  5. ‘HOULDER, Howard’, Who Was Who, A & C Black, an imprint of Bloomsbury Publishing plc, 1920–2007; online edn, Oxford University Press, Dec 2007 accessed 16 Dec 2013
  6. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1949
  7. Hull Daily Mail, 27 Nov 1919
  8. F W S Craig, British Parliamentary Election Results 1918-1949; Political Reference Publications, Glasgow 1949

See also