Meteorological history | |
---|---|
Formed | 13 May 1996 |
Dissipated | 13 May 1996 |
Duration | 20 –30 minutes |
F2 tornado | |
on the Fujita scale | |
Highest winds | 125 mph (201 km/h) [1] |
Overall effects | |
Fatalities | 600 dead 100,000 homeless |
Injuries | 37,248 |
Areas affected | Tangail,Jamalpur. Sirajganj [2] |
Houses destroyed | 36,420 |
Part of the Tornadoes of 1996 |
The 1996 Bangladesh tornado was a deadly and destructive tornado that struck 80 - 90 villages in north-central Bangladesh on 13 May 1996,leaving more than 600 fatalities [3] with over 37,248 injured,and 36,420 houses were extensively damaged [4] within 20 minutes of its arrival at 125 mi/h. [5] The tornado arrived through Jamalpur,Sirajganj and Tangail districts [6] that affected numerous families across the villages,100,000 people went homeless [7] [8] and more than 6,787 livestock were killed. Initial reports cited between 400 and 443 dead with 32,000 injured. Before the tornado arrived,locals witnessed heavy hailstones across the affected areas. Strong winds lifted several people away,and one person was blown and dropped 1.5 kilometers away at 28 mph. [9] It also uprooted trees and damaged the houses completely,mostly mudbrick-huts built by the villagers on the banks of river. [10]
Bangladesh is one of the most vulnerable countries in the world to various natural disasters,including frequent occurrences of cyclones,storm surges,tornadoes,tornado outbreaks,devastating floods and maritime disasters. Due to its frequent climate changes,it is recognized as the eighth vulnerable country in the history of world natural disaster. [11] [12] On May 13,1996,a tornado originated in north central of the country through Jamalpur,Sirajganj and Tangail districts of Dhaka. Due to its immense speed and 20 minutes of large destruction,it was declared the deadliest tornado,affecting the 90 villages of the country in forty years of Bangladesh's history. Several people died due to disease infection,head injuries,lack of sanitary countermeasures and emergency assistance. [4] [13] The New York Times described "tree branches transformed into missiles by the 125 mile-per-hour winds".
The survivors accused the administration for not providing timely assistance,leading to count more tolls. Despite being a hotspot of tornadoes,disaster response was never exercised in 1990s. People claimed that authorities left several survivors alone in an attempt to search for the missing bodies and arrange their burial preparations. [9] NGOs and neighboring people were actively involved in emergency assistance and the victims where possible,received disaster relief from the Bangladesh Red Crescent Society and government agencies. The International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC) was also providing medical assistance and dispatching relief materials to the tornado victims. [6] [14] [15]
On April 5–6,1936,an outbreak of 14 tornadoes struck the Southeastern United States,killing at least 454 people and injuring at least 2,500 others. Over 200 people died in Georgia alone,making it the deadliest disaster ever recorded in the state.
The 1970 Bhola cyclone was a devastating tropical cyclone that struck East Pakistan and India's West Bengal on November 12,1970. It remains the deadliest tropical cyclone ever recorded and one of the world's deadliest humanitarian disasters. At least 300,000 people died in the storm,possibly as many as 500,000,primarily as a result of the storm surge that flooded much of the low-lying islands of the Ganges Delta. Bhola was the sixth and strongest cyclonic storm of the 1970 North Indian Ocean cyclone season.
The 1991 Bangladesh cyclone was among the deadliest tropical cyclones on record. Forming out of a large area of convection over the Bay of Bengal on April 24,the tropical cyclone initially developed gradually while meandering over the southern Bay of Bengal. On April 28,the storm began to accelerate northeastwards under the influence of the southwesterlies,and rapidly intensified to super cyclonic storm strength near the coast of Bangladesh on April 29. After making landfall in the Chittagong district of southeastern Bangladesh with winds of around 250 km/h (155 mph),the cyclone rapidly weakened as it moved through northeastern India,degenerating into a remnant low over the Yunnan province in western China.
Tangail is a district (zila) in the central region of Bangladesh. In 1969,Tangail district was created by Tangail Mohokuma from its 237 square kilometers of land and 3177 square kilometers of land acquired from Mymensingh district. It is the largest district of Dhaka division by area and second largest by population. The population of Tangail zila is about 4 million and its area is 3,414.28 square kilometres (1,318.26 sq mi). The main city of the district is Tangail. It is surrounded by Jamalpur District on the north,the Dhaka and Manikganj Districts on the south,Mymensingh and Gazipur on the east,and Sirajganj on the west.
Mymensingh District is a district in Mymensingh Division,Bangladesh,and is bordered on the north by Meghalaya,a state of India and the Garo Hills,on the south by Gazipur District,on the east by the districts of Netrokona and Kishoreganj,and on the west by the districts of Sherpur,Jamalpur and Tangail. Mymensingh is the 8th administrative divisional headquarter and 12th city corporation of Bangladesh. According to Ministry of Public Administration,Mymensingh is ranked 4th in district status. The density of Mymensingh city is 44,458/km2 which is the second most densely populated city in Bangladesh. Mymensingh attracts 25 percent of health tourists visiting Bangladesh. Once known as the largest district of the Indian subcontinent. Mymensingh town is the district headquarters.
Sirajganj District is a district in the North Bengal region of Bangladesh,located in the Rajshahi Division. It is the 25th largest district by area and 9th largest district by population in Bangladesh. It is known as the gateway to North Bengal.
The Daulatpur–Saturia tornado occurred in Manikganj District,Bangladesh on 26 April 1989. There is great uncertainty about the death toll,but official estimates from the World Meteorological Organization indicate that it was devastating and that it killed approximately 1,300 people,which would make it the deadliest tornado in history. In 2022,this tornado's status as the deadliest tornado in history was challenged,claiming it did not kill more than 922 people. The tornado affected the cities of Daulatpur and Saturia the most,moving east through Daulatpur and eventually northeast into Saturia. Previously,the area that the tornado hit had been in a state of drought for six months.
The 2007 South Asian floods were a series of floods in India,Pakistan,Bhutan,Nepal and Bangladesh. News Agencies,citing the Indian and Bangladeshi governments,place the death toll in excess of 2,000. By 3 August,approximately 20 million had been affected and by 10 August some 30 million people in India,Bangladesh and Nepal had been affected by flooding.
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Sidr was a tropical cyclone that resulted in one of the worst natural disasters in Bangladesh. The fourth named and the deadliest storm of the 2007 North Indian Ocean cyclone season,Sidr formed in the central Bay of Bengal,and quickly strengthened to reach peak 1-minute sustained winds of 260 km/h (160 mph),making it a Category-5 equivalent tropical cyclone on the Saffir–Simpson scale. The storm eventually made landfall in Bangladesh on November 15,2007,causing large-scale evacuations. At least 3,447 deaths have been blamed on the storm,with some estimates reaching 15,000.
2007 (MMVII) was a common year starting on Monday of the Gregorian calendar,the 2007th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations,the 7th year of the 3rd millennium and the 21st century,and the 8th year of the 2000s decade.
Extremely Severe Cyclonic Storm Nargis was an extremely destructive and deadly tropical cyclone that caused the worst natural disaster in the recorded history of Myanmar during early May 2008. The cyclone made landfall in Myanmar on Friday,2 May 2008,sending a storm surge 40 kilometres up the densely populated Irrawaddy delta,causing catastrophic destruction and at least 138,373 fatalities. The Labutta Township alone was reported to have 80,000 dead,with about 10,000 more deaths in Bogale. There were around 55,000 people missing and many other deaths were found in other towns and areas,although the Myanmar government's official death toll may have been under-reported,and there have been allegations that government officials stopped updating the death toll after 138,000 to minimise political fallout. The feared 'second wave' of fatalities from disease and lack of relief efforts never materialised. Damage was at $12 billion,making Nargis the costliest tropical cyclone on record in the North Indian Ocean at the time,before that record was broken by Cyclone Amphan in 2020.
At least 29 tropical cyclones have affected Myanmar,a country adjacent to the Bay of Bengal in mainland Southeast Asia. Myanmar has witnessed some of the deadliest storms in the Bay of Bengal,including Cyclone Nargis in May 2008,which struck the low-lying Irrawaddy Delta near Yangon. Its winds and storm surge killed an estimated 140,000 people and left nearly $10 billion in damage. The country's worst natural disaster in the 20th century was a cyclone in 1968,which killed more than 1,000 people when it hit Rakhine State in northwestern Myanmar. One of the most powerful storms to ever hit the country was Cyclone Mocha,which it moved ashore northwestern Myanmar in May 2023,killing at least 413 people.
The Great Flood of 1913 occurred between March 23 and March 26,after major rivers in the central and eastern United States flooded from runoff and several days of heavy rain. Related deaths and damage in the United States were widespread and extensive. While the exact number is not certain,flood-related deaths in Ohio,Indiana,and eleven other states are estimated at approximately 650. The official death toll range for Ohio falls between 422 and 470. Flood-related death estimates in Indiana range from 100 to 200. More than a quarter million people were left homeless. The death toll from the flood of 1913 places it second to the Johnstown Flood of 1889 as one of the deadliest floods in the United States. The flood remains Ohio's largest weather disaster. In the Midwestern United States,damage estimates exceeded a third of a billion dollars. Damage from the Great Dayton Flood at Dayton,Ohio,exceeded $73 million. Indiana's damages were estimated at $25 million. Further south,along the Mississippi River,damages exceeded $200 million. Devastation from the flood of 1913 and later floods along the Mississippi River eventually changed the country's management of its waterways and increased federal support for comprehensive flood prevention and funding for flood control projects. The Ohio Conservancy Act,which was signed by the governor of Ohio in 1914,became a model for other states to follow. The act allowed for the establishment of conservancy districts with the authority to implement flood control projects.
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"Organized by death toll" means
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