This article is about the unit that served during the American Civil War. For the unit that served during the Spanish–American War, see 1st Wisconsin Infantry Regiment (1898).
The 1st Wisconsin Infantry Regiment was a volunteerinfantryregiment in the Union Army during the American Civil War. The regiment was originally raised as for a three-month term under President Lincoln's April 1861 call for 75,000 volunteers, and served briefly in the eastern theater during that enlistment. After the three-month term expired, however, the regiment was re-established for a three-year term and spent most of the remainder of its service in the western theater of the war, serving in many of the major battles in Tennessee, Kentucky, and Georgia.
The original 1st Regiment Wisconsin was raised at Milwaukee, Wisconsin, on April 16, 1861, and mustered into Federal service May 17, 1861. The regiment was moved to Harrisburg, Pennsylvania, on June 9. It was assigned to Abercrombie's 6th Brigade of Negley's 2nd Division, Patterson's Army. It spent its service guarding the upper Potomac River crossings. Its only engagement was at the Hoke's Run on July 2. The regiment was mustered out on August 22, 1861.
The regiment was reorganized with new 3-year enlistees by Colonel Starkweather at Milwaukee and was mustered into federal service on October 19, 1861. The regiment was mustered out on October 13, 1864.
Total enlistments and casualties
The 1st Wisconsin Infantry initially mustered 810 men and added no recruits. In its initial 3 months of service, it lost 2 men killed in action or mortally wounded, and one killed accidentally for a total of three fatalities, a death rate of 0.37 percent.[2] One of the fatalities was Second Sergeant of Company B, Warren M Graham, 18 years old, of Milwaukee, Wisconsin.[3][4]
When reorganized for 3 years of service, the regiment mustered 945 men and later recruited an additional 563 men, for a total of 1508 men.[5] The regiment suffered 6 officers and 151 enlisted men killed in action or who later died of their wounds, plus another 1 officer and 142 enlisted men who died of disease, for a total of 300 fatalities.[6]
1st Wisconsin Infantry, 3-Month Company Organization[7][8]
ColonelJohn C. Starkweather (April 16, 1861–July 17, 1863) was wounded at Chickamauga then promoted to brigadier general and assigned to command a series of outposts in the western theater. During that time, he served on the court martial that tried U.S. Army Surgeon General William A. Hammond.
Lt. Colonel George B. Bingham (December 18, 1863–October 13, 1864) began the war as captain of Co. A, 1st Wisconsin Infantry, and was promoted to major when the regiment was re-established. He was designated for promotion to colonel, but was never mustered at that rank. He mustered out with the regiment in October 1864.
Notable people
George E. Bryant was captain of Co. E and later colonel of the 12th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. After the war he served as a brigadier general in the Wisconsin National Guard and served as a Wisconsin state legislator.
Seth W. Button was a sergeant in Co. F and was later promoted to sergeant major and 2nd lieutenant. He was wounded at Chickamauga and resigned. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator, judge, and district attorney.
Charles L. Harris was lieutenant colonel of the regiment and was later appointed colonel of the 11th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. He received an honorary brevet to brigadier general. After the war he served as a Nebraska state senator.
Pliny Norcross was a corporal in Co. K and later became captain of Co. K in the 13th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator and the 20th mayor of Janesville, Wisconsin.
James Kerr Proudfit was 2nd lieutenant of Co. K and later became colonel of the 12th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment. He received an honorary brevet to brigadier general. After the war he became a Wisconsin state senator.
John Day Putnam was enlisted in Co. F and later promoted to commissary sergeant for the regiment. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator and mayor of River Falls, Wisconsin.
Florian J. Ries was enlisted in Co. D and later enlisted in the 17th Wisconsin Infantry Regiment, rising to the rank of 1st lieutenant. After the war he became a Wisconsin state legislator.
↑ Estabrook, Charles E. (1912). Annual Reports of the Adjutant General of the State of Wisconsin for the Years 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864. Madison, Wisconsin: Democrat Printing Co. pp.31–33.
↑ Estabrook, Charles E. (1912). Annual Reports of the Adjutant General of the State of Wisconsin for the Years 1860, 1861, 1862, 1863, 1864. Madison, Wisconsin: Democrat Printing Co. pp.31–33.
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