Member State of the Arab League |
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Parliamentary elections were held in the Comoros on 6 December 2009, with a second round on 20 December. The elections were originally scheduled for July 2009, [1] but were postponed until after a constitutional referendum was held in May 2009. They were then scheduled to take place on 29 November, [2] but were delayed again. The result was a victory for the Baobab Movement, a coalition supporting President Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi.
The elections were held using the two-round system with 24 single-member constituencies. The remaining nine seats in the Assembly of the Union were filled by appointees from the assemblies of the autonomous islands of the Comoros, Grande Comore, Mohéli and Anjouan, with each island selecting three members.
Most candidates supporting President Sambi campaigned as the Baobab coalition, named after their identifying symbol, the Baobab tree.
Party | First round | Second round | Total seats | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Seats | Votes | % | Seats | |||
Baobab Movement | 59,692 | 33.21 | 3 | 88,660 | 50.60 | 14 | 17 | |
Other supporters of President Sambi | 5,019 | 2.79 | 0 | 8,296 | 4.73 | 3 | 3 | |
Others | 115,039 | 64.00 | 0 | 78,266 | 44.67 | 4 | 4 | |
Island Representatives | 9 | |||||||
Total | 179,750 | 100.00 | 3 | 175,222 | 100.00 | 21 | 33 | |
Registered voters/turnout | 363,967 | – | ||||||
Source: Al Watan, Psephos, IPU |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Ahmed Daroumi | Baobab Movement | 1,248 | 45.38 | 1,455 | 53.85 | |
Hamada Madi Ali | Other | 708 | 25.75 | 1,247 | 46.15 | |
Aboubacar Hassane | Other | 640 | 23.27 | |||
Zaouenti Imani Hilal | Other | 154 | 5.60 | |||
Total | 2,750 | 100.00 | 2,702 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Sitti Kassim Soufou | Baobab Movement | 1,177 | 35.95 | 1,639 | 46.60 | |
Abdallah Said Sarouma | Other | 1,068 | 32.62 | 1,878 | 53.40 | |
Said Ahmed Zaki | Other | 885 | 27.03 | |||
Hadidja Mansourou | Other | 144 | 4.40 | |||
Total | 3,274 | 100.00 | 3,517 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Djabir Abdou | Other | 711 | 31.60 | 1,298 | 53.33 | |
Abdallah Ahamadi Attoumane | Baobab Movement | 695 | 30.89 | 1,136 | 46.67 | |
Ali Youssoufa Boina | Other | 480 | 21.33 | |||
Saindou Youssoufa Djabir | Other | 268 | 11.91 | |||
Ambdi Madi Boina | Other | 96 | 4.27 | |||
Total | 2,250 | 100.00 | 2,434 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Sad Ali Dahalane | Baobab Movement | 1,023 | 36.07 | 1,341 | 49.80 | |
Bianrifi Tarmidi | Other | 1,020 | 35.97 | 1,352 | 50.20 | |
Loifti Attoumane Ali | Other | 552 | 19.46 | |||
Abdou Bacar Soihir | Other | 241 | 8.50 | |||
Total | 2,836 | 100.00 | 2,693 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Momamed Djaanfari M'soili | Other | 4,431 | 38.64 | 5,613 | 49.91 | |
Nourdine Fadhula | Baobab Movement | 2,757 | 24.05 | 5,634 | 50.09 | |
Mouhamadi Boinali | Other | 2,513 | 21.92 | |||
Ibrahim Ahamadi | Other | 1,565 | 13.65 | |||
Salim Abasse | Other | 200 | 1.74 | |||
Total | 11,466 | 100.00 | 11,247 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Mouhtar Elhad Abdou Salim | Baobab Movement | 2,207 | 33.56 | 3,560 | 58.39 | |
Abdou Sidi Said Omar | Other | 1,424 | 21.65 | 2,537 | 41.61 | |
Youssou Abdou Mari | Other | 804 | 12.23 | |||
Chamoussidine Youssouf | Other | 785 | 11.94 | |||
Sidi Bacar | Other | 550 | 8.36 | |||
Ahmed Mohamed B. Cheikh | Other | 424 | 6.45 | |||
Youssouf Miftahou | Other | 382 | 5.81 | |||
Total | 6,576 | 100.00 | 6,097 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Abdou Salami Abdou | Baobab Movement | 1,958 | 43.42 | 3,864 | 65.50 | |
Ahmed Djanffar | Other | 1,615 | 35.82 | 2,035 | 34.50 | |
Dhounouraine Ali Bacar | Other | 641 | 14.22 | |||
Abdou Said Houmadi | Other | 168 | 3.73 | |||
Ali Ousseni Chaffi | Other | 127 | 2.82 | |||
Total | 4,509 | 100.00 | 5,899 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Attoumane Allaoui | Baobab Movement | 3,116 | 59.39 | |
Mohamed Ahmed Ben Ali | Other | 1,072 | 20.43 | |
Said Ali Ahamada | Other | 1,059 | 20.18 | |
Total | 5,247 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Mohamed Said Houmadi | Baobab Movement | 1,952 | 40.70 | 4,006 | 69.02 | |
Anli Attoumane Ismael | Other | 1,271 | 26.50 | 1,798 | 30.98 | |
Sadjadou Halidi | Other | 747 | 15.58 | |||
Soifa Ousseni | Other | 531 | 11.07 | |||
Abdou Yssoufi | Other | 295 | 6.15 | |||
Total | 4,796 | 100.00 | 5,804 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Abdallah Amed Abderemane | Baobab Movement | 2,703 | 57.98 | |
Attoumane Issiaka | Other | 1,527 | 32.75 | |
Ahmed Mohaned El-Amine | Other | 432 | 9.27 | |
Total | 4,662 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | Votes | % | |
---|---|---|---|---|
Amirddine Boura | Baobab Movement | 4,306 | 66.08 | |
Moursoid Massoudi | Other | 1,586 | 24.34 | |
Abdou Oili | Other | 624 | 9.58 | |
Total | 6,516 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Mahamoud Attoumane | Baobab Movement | 2,282 | 48.10 | 4,654 | 63.96 | |
Said Ali Mahamou | Other | 1,095 | 23.08 | 2,622 | 36.04 | |
Moussa Houmadi | Other | 864 | 18.21 | |||
Abidou Mahamoud | Other | 494 | 10.41 | |||
Ahmed Samir Ahmed Ben Houmadi | Other | 6 | 0.13 | |||
Soumaila Haribou | Other | 3 | 0.06 | |||
Total | 4,744 | 100.00 | 7,276 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Nassimou Ahamadi | Baobab Movement | 1,882 | 35.34 | 3,689 | 55.16 | |
Mohamed Soula | Other | 1,490 | 27.98 | 2,999 | 44.84 | |
Assani Houmadi | Other | 638 | 11.98 | |||
Kamal Issouf | Other | 493 | 9.26 | |||
Zaza Djaffar | Other | 430 | 8.07 | |||
Toihirdine Allaoui | Other | 226 | 4.24 | |||
Maendhu Ahamadi | Other | 167 | 3.14 | |||
Total | 5,326 | 100.00 | 6,688 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Ibrahime Mohamed Soulé | Other | 1,121 | 34.94 | 1,626 | 46.42 | |
Abdoulfatah Said Mohamed | Supporter of Sambi | 899 | 28.02 | 1,877 | 53.58 | |
Mahamoud Ali Mohamed Boina | Other | 305 | 9.51 | |||
Ali Said Ridjali | Other | 266 | 8.29 | |||
Said Chaehoi Soilihi | Other | 258 | 8.04 | |||
Soulé Ali Ali M'zé Hamadi | Other | 129 | 4.02 | |||
Said Mohamed Habib | Other | 126 | 3.93 | |||
Ali Mliva Youssouf | Other | 104 | 3.24 | |||
Total | 3,208 | 100.00 | 3,503 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Ahmed Moumini Soefou | Supporter of Sambi | 1,462 | 40.63 | 2,112 | 54.29 | |
Soilihi Mohamed Soilihi | Other | 885 | 24.60 | 1,778 | 45.71 | |
Samra Bacar Kassim | Other | 294 | 8.17 | |||
Said Mohamed El Amine | Other | 229 | 6.36 | |||
Mohamed Papa Mdjassiri | Other | 194 | 5.39 | |||
Mouhoussine Hassani | Other | 156 | 4.34 | |||
Moilime Djoussouf Moilime | Other | 146 | 4.06 | |||
Hafsoita Hamada | Other | 116 | 3.22 | |||
Djaffar El-Amdjad Said Ounkachat | Other | 116 | 3.22 | |||
Total | 3,598 | 100.00 | 3,890 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Alhadhur Alif Mohamed | Baobab Movement | 4,425 | 30.43 | 9,963 | 55.44 | |
M'zé Madi Mariama | Other | 3,902 | 26.83 | 8,007 | 44.56 | |
Youssouf Mohamed Boina | Other | 2,751 | 18.92 | |||
Aboudou Assimakou Ali | Other | 1,952 | 13.42 | |||
Nassuri Mzé Mroivili | Other | 974 | 6.70 | |||
Issa Ben Said Mogné | Other | 539 | 3.71 | |||
Total | 14,543 | 100.00 | 17,970 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Djaé Ahamada Chafi | Baobab Movement | 2,987 | 34.22 | 6,282 | 62.91 | |
Ali Mohamed Ali | Other | 1,517 | 17.38 | 3,703 | 37.09 | |
Ahamada Ali Mchangama | Other | 1,290 | 14.78 | |||
Ali Abdou Soimadou | Other | 1,002 | 11.48 | |||
Said Ben Youssoufa | Other | 783 | 8.97 | |||
Soulé Mdahoma Moueva | Other | 694 | 7.95 | |||
Ahmed Mohamed Mhoma | Other | 455 | 5.21 | |||
Total | 8,728 | 100.00 | 9,985 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Naoufal Boina Adam | Other | 3,014 | 34.71 | 3,912 | 47.60 | |
Hassani Ali Tabibou | Supporter of Sambi | 2,658 | 30.61 | 4,307 | 52.40 | |
Yahaya Mohamed Iliassa | Other | 927 | 10.67 | |||
Hassani Ali Ngazi | Other | 715 | 8.23 | |||
Hamada Abdou Mbechezi | Other | 336 | 3.87 | |||
Ibrahim Ali Mchangama | Other | 281 | 3.24 | |||
Ahmed Ali Youssouf | Other | 274 | 3.16 | |||
Mohamed Saleh Bin Ahmed | Other | 264 | 3.04 | |||
Ali M'sa Idjihadi | Other | 215 | 2.48 | |||
Total | 8,684 | 100.00 | 8,219 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Fahami Said Ibrahim | Baobab Movement | 3,008 | 33.61 | 5,470 | 55.73 | |
Mohamed Said Ahmed | Other | 1,387 | 15.50 | 4,345 | 44.27 | |
Allaoui Said Abasse | Other | 971 | 10.85 | |||
Boinaidi Abdou Elghaniyou | Other | 942 | 10.53 | |||
Soulé Said Hamadi | Other | 711 | 7.94 | |||
Aboubacari Charifou | Other | 645 | 7.21 | |||
Mohamed Mohamed Ali Día | Other | 602 | 6.73 | |||
Hassani Ahamada Youssouf | Other | 474 | 5.30 | |||
Mohamed Bacri Chakira | Other | 210 | 2.35 | |||
Total | 8,950 | 100.00 | 9,815 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Djaffar Mohamed A Mansoib | Baobab Movement | 5,318 | 30.48 | 9,554 | 53.77 | |
Hamdi Mohamed Saidou | Other | 4,487 | 25.72 | 8,215 | 46.23 | |
Mihidhoir Sagaf | Other | 2,442 | 14.00 | |||
Ahamada Ali Mmadi | Other | 1,930 | 11.06 | |||
Said Abdou Djaé | Other | 1,149 | 6.59 | |||
Said Mohamed Adamou | Other | 912 | 5.23 | |||
Said Mohamed Mchangama | Other | 691 | 3.96 | |||
Abdou Saadi Ahamada | Other | 518 | 2.97 | |||
Total | 17,447 | 100.00 | 17,769 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Ibrahima Souef Mdahoma | Other | 2,140 | 29.35 | 3,954 | 47.58 | |
Bourhane Hamidou | Baobab Movement | 1,960 | 26.88 | 4,357 | 52.42 | |
Delapeyre Jean Emile | Other | 950 | 13.03 | |||
Mchami Msaidié | Other | 689 | 9.45 | |||
Ousseini Djoubeire | Other | 652 | 8.94 | |||
Said Abdallah Salim | Other | 627 | 8.60 | |||
Souna Ali Imamou | Other | 273 | 3.74 | |||
Total | 7,291 | 100.00 | 8,311 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Mohamed Ali Soilihi | Baobab Movement | 5,922 | 35.82 | 9,141 | 55.77 | |
Hamidou Karihila | Other | 3,622 | 21.91 | 7,249 | 44.23 | |
Hamidou Bachirou | Other | 2,627 | 15.89 | |||
Mohamed Ahmed Idi | Other | 2,235 | 13.52 | |||
Ibrahim Ahmed | Other | 1,116 | 6.75 | |||
Mbaé Ali Ahmed | Other | 845 | 5.11 | |||
Said Mohamed Adamou | Other | 156 | 0.94 | |||
Said Mohamed Mchangama | Other | 10 | 0.06 | |||
Total | 16,533 | 100.00 | 16,390 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Ibrahim Ali Mzimba | Other | 4,934 | 36.36 | 7,044 | 60.43 | |
Ibrahim Mhoumadi Sidi | Baobab Movement | 3,377 | 24.89 | 4,613 | 39.57 | |
Rihaoindro Saroumaia | Other | 1,946 | 14.34 | |||
Said Mogni | Other | 1,527 | 11.25 | |||
Maoulida Mohamed Maoulida | Other | 1,014 | 7.47 | |||
Said Abdallah Abdou Elkarim | Other | 771 | 5.68 | |||
Total | 13,569 | 100.00 | 11,657 | 100.00 |
Candidate | Party | First round | Second round | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Votes | % | Votes | % | |||
Abdillah Yahaya | Baobab Movement | 5,389 | 44.00 | 8,302 | 62.16 | |
Omar Tamou Boina | Other | 2,339 | 19.10 | 5,054 | 37.84 | |
Abasse Saadi | Other | 2,134 | 17.42 | |||
Mohamed Hassani | Other | 1,343 | 10.97 | |||
Ahamada Soilihi Mlatamou | Other | 1,042 | 8.51 | |||
Total | 12,247 | 100.00 | 13,356 | 100.00 |
The Comoros, officially the Union of the Comoros, is an archipelagic country made up of three islands in Southeastern Africa, located at the northern end of the Mozambique Channel in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city is Moroni. The religion of the majority of the population, and the official state religion, is Sunni Islam. Comoros proclaimed its independence from France on 6 July 1975. A member of the Arab League, it is the only country in the Arab world which is entirely in the Southern Hemisphere. It is a member state of the African Union, the Organisation internationale de la Francophonie, the Organisation of Islamic Co-operation, and the Indian Ocean Commission. The country has three official languages: Shikomori, French and Arabic.
The Politics of the Union of the Comoros take place in a framework of a unitary presidential republic, whereby the President of the Comoros is both head of state and head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and parliament. The precolonial legacies of the sultanates linger while the political situation in Comoros has been extremely fluid since the country's independence in 1975, subject to the volatility of coups and political insurrection.
Anjouan is an autonomous volcanic island in the Comoro Islands in the southwestern Indian Ocean, part of the Union of the Comoros. It is known in Shikomori as Ndzuani, Ndzuwani or Nzwani, and, until the early twentieth century when the name fell out of general use, in English as Johanna. Historically it was also called Hinzuan or Hanzoan.
Colonel Mohamed Bacar is a Comorian former politician who was President of Anjouan, one of the three autonomous islands that make up the Union of the Comoros, from 2001 to 2008. He is a former chief of police on Anjouan and has studied extensively in France and the United States. He was part of a military coup on Anjouan in August 2001 and soon became President. It is alleged he rigged the elections to become the first president of Anjouan in March 2002, in part due to his leading role in the separatist movement. He was ousted by the combined forces of the Government of the Union of Comoros and the African Union in the March 2008 invasion of Anjouan.
Elections in the Comoros take place within the framework of a multi-party democracy and a presidential system. The President and the majority of the seats in the Assembly of the Union are directly elected.
Presidential elections were held in the Comoros on 16 April and 14 May 2006. As it was the turn of the island of Anjouan to hold the union presidency, a primary election was held in Anjouan on 16 April, prior to a national election on 14 May. The result was a victory for Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, who received 58% of the vote in the national election.
Sayyid Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi is a Comorian Islamic leader and politician, and former President of Comoros. He is popularly known as 'Ayatollah'. After easily winning the 14 May 2006 presidential election with 58.02% of the national vote, Sambi was inaugurated as President of the Union of the Comoros on 26 May 2006. It was the first peaceful transfer of power in the history of the Comoros.
Ibrahim Halidi was a long-time politician in Comoros. Halidi was the Prime Minister of Comoros from January to May 1993. Halidi also ran for president in May 2006 with the backing of the outgoing president, Azali Assoumani. In the first round of the election, Halidi finished in third place with 10.37% and qualified for the presidential second round, which was held on 14 May. Halidi lost the presidential election to Ahmed Abdallah Sambi. Ibrahim Halidi was supported by the Islands' Fraternity and Unity Party (CHUMA), Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros (CRC), Movement for the Comoros (MPC) and the Djawabu Party (DJAWABU).
Mohamed Djaanfari is a politician in The Comoros. He is a retired French air force officer, local transportation tycoon and Vice-President of the Assembly of the Union of the Comoros. He contested the 2006 presidential elections and ended up losing badly to Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi. He received only 13.65% of the national vote on 14 May 2006, compared to Sambi's 58.02%.
The invasion of Anjouan, on March 25, 2008, was an amphibious assault led by the Comoros, backed by African Union (AU) forces, including troops from Sudan, Tanzania, Senegal, along with logistical support from Libya and France. The objective of the invasion was to topple Colonel Mohamed Bacar's leadership in Anjouan, an island in the Union of Comoros, when he refused to step down after a disputed 2007 election, in defiance of the federal government and the AU. The Comoros archipelago in the Indian Ocean has had a fractious history since its independence from France in 1975, experiencing more than 20 coups or attempted coups.
Presidential elections were held in Anjouan on 15 June and 29 June 2008 following the 2008 invasion of Anjouan to oust Mohamed Bacar as President of Anjouan. The election was won by Moussa Toybou, who defeated Mohamed Djaanfari in the second round.
A constitutional referendum was held in the Comoros on 17 May 2009. The constitutional amendments were approved with 93.9% in favour, with a turnout of 51.8%.
Presidential elections were held in the Comoros on 7 November 2010, with a second round on 26 December, alongside gubernatorial elections for the three main islands. The result was a victory for Ikililou Dhoinine, who received 61% of the vote.
Ikililou Dhoinine is a Comorian politician who was the President of the Comoros from 2011 to 2016; he was a Vice-President of Comoros from 2006 to 2011.
Presidential elections were held in the Comoros on 21 February 2016, with a second round to be held on 10 April 2016, alongside elections for the Governors of the three islands. A re-run of the second round was held in thirteen constituencies on Anjouan on 11 May. Azali Assoumani of the Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros was elected President with 41% of the vote.
The Juwa Party is a political party in the Comoros. The party was established by former president Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi in 2013 and became the main opposition party in 2015. After boycotting the 2020 elections, it currently has no representation in parliament.
Harimia Ahmed is a Comorian lawyer. The first female lawyer in the country, she has served as Minister of Justice and president of the bar council. Ahmed acted as defense counsel for high-profile clients in the islands' courts.
Parliamentary elections were held in the Comoros on 19 January 2020; in constituencies where no candidate received a majority, a second round was held alongside local elections on 23 February. The elections were boycotted by the main opposition parties, including the two largest parties in the outgoing Assembly, the Union for the Development of the Comoros and Juwa Party, in protest at constitutional reform and political repression, The result was a landslide victory for President Azali Assoumani's Convention for the Renewal of the Comoros, which won 20 of the 24 elected seats.
The Comoros passport sales scandal is a corruption, public funds embezzlement, bribery, and money laundering scheme in connection with a citizenship by investment program launched by the government of the Comoros Islands. Proceeds from the program were intended to finance development in the country but were instead embezzled by the perpetrators of the scheme, which include Syrian fugitive businessman Bashar Kiwan and two former Comorian Presidents.
Comoro Gulf Holdings (CGH), sometimes referred to as Comoros Gulf Holding or Comoro Gulf Holding, was an investment company, set up by Syrian businessmen Bachar Kiwan and Majd Suleiman and Kuwaiti businessmen Sheikh Sabah Jaber Mubarak Al-Sabah and Mohammed Abdulaziz Al-Otaibi, that had worked closely with former Comorian president Ahmed Abdallah Mohamed Sambi, and "monopolized investment and development on the islands."