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Within Christianity, there are a variety of views on sexual orientation and homosexuality. The view that various Bible passages speak of homosexuality as immoral or sinful emerged through its interpretation and has since become entrenched in many Christian denominations through church doctrine and the wording of various translations of the Bible.
Since the 1990s, the Anglican Communion has struggled with controversy regarding homosexuality in the church. In 1998, the 13th Lambeth Conference of Anglican bishops passed a resolution "rejecting homosexual practice as incompatible with Scripture". However, this is not legally binding. "Like all Lambeth Conference resolutions, it is not legally binding on all provinces of the Communion, including the Church of England, though it commends an essential and persuasive view of the attitude of the Communion." "Anglican national churches in Brazil, South Africa, South India, New Zealand and Canada have taken steps toward approving and celebrating same-sex relationships amid strong resistance among other national churches within the 80 million-member global body. The Episcopal Church in the U.S. has allowed same-sex marriage since 2015, and the Scottish Episcopal Church has allowed same-sex marriage since 2017." In 2017, clergy within the Church of England indicated their inclination towards supporting same-sex marriage by dismissing a bishops' report that explicitly asserted the exclusivity of church weddings to unions between a man and a woman. At General Synod in 2019, the Church of England announced that same-gender couples may remain recognised as married after one spouse experiences a gender transition. In 2023, the Church of England announced that it would authorise "prayers of thanksgiving, dedication and for God's blessing for same-sex couples."
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Germany since 1 October 2017. A bill for the legalisation of same-sex marriage passed the Bundestag on 30 June 2017 and the Bundesrat on 7 July. It was signed into law on 20 July by President Frank-Walter Steinmeier and published in the Federal Law Gazette on 28 July 2017. Previously, the governing CDU/CSU had refused to legislate on the issue of same-sex marriage. In June 2017, Chancellor Angela Merkel unexpectedly said she hoped the matter would be put to a conscience vote. Consequently, other party leaders organised for a vote to be held in the last week of June during the final legislative session before summer recess. The Bundestag passed the legislation on 30 June by 393 votes to 226, and it went into force on 1 October. Polling suggests that a significant majority of Germans support the legal recognition of same-sex marriage. Germany was the first country in Central Europe, the fourteenth in Europe, and the 22nd in the world to allow same-sex couples to marry nationwide.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Quebec since March 19, 2004 in accordance with a ruling from the Quebec Court of Appeal that the heterosexual definition of marriage violated the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms. Quebec was the third Canadian province after Ontario and British Columbia and the fifth jurisdiction in the world to open marriage to same-sex couples.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in Nunavut since 20 July 2005. The Canadian territory began granting marriage licences to same-sex couples upon the granting of royal assent to the federal Civil Marriage Act. Previously, in October 2003, Premier Paul Okalik had announced that same-sex marriages performed in other jurisdictions would be legally recognized in Nunavut.
Same-sex marriage has been legal in the Northwest Territories since July 20, 2005. The Canadian territory began granting marriage licences to same-sex couples upon the granting of royal assent to the federal Civil Marriage Act. The Northwest Territories had been one of only four provinces and territories, with Alberta, Nunavut and Prince Edward Island, where same-sex marriage had not already been legalised by court challenges prior to the passage of the federal law.
The blessing or wedding of same-sex marriages and same-sex unions is an issue about which leaders of Christian churches are in ongoing disagreement. Traditionally, Christianity teaches that homosexual acts are sinful and that holy matrimony can only exist between two persons of different sexes. These disagreements are primarily centred on the interpretation of various scripture passages related to homosexuality, sacred tradition, and in some churches on varying understandings of homosexuality in terms of psychology, genetics and other scientific data. While numerous church bodies have widely varying practices and teachings, individual Christians of every major tradition are involved in practical (orthopraxy) discussions about how to respond to the issue.
The Anglican Church of Southern Africa, known until 2006 as the Church of the Province of Southern Africa, is the province of the Anglican Communion in the southern part of Africa. The church has twenty-five dioceses, of which twenty-one are located in South Africa, and one each in Eswatini, Lesotho, Namibia and Saint Helena.
The legal status of same-sex marriage has changed in recent years in numerous jurisdictions around the world. The current trends and consensus of political authorities and religions throughout the world are summarized in this article.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ+)-affirming religious groups are religious groups that welcome LGBT people as their members, do not consider homosexuality as a sin or negative, and affirm LGBT rights and relationships. They include entire religious denominations, as well as individual congregations and places of worship. Some groups are mainly composed of non-LGBTQ+ members and they also have specific programs to welcome LGBTQ+ people into them, while other groups are mainly composed of LGBTQ+ members.
The Anglican realignment is a movement among some Anglicans to align themselves under new or alternative oversight within or outside the Anglican Communion. This movement is primarily active in parts of the Episcopal Church in the United States and the Anglican Church of Canada. Two of the major events that contributed to the movement were the 2002 decision of the Diocese of New Westminster in Canada to authorise a rite of blessing for same-sex unions, and the nomination of two openly gay priests in 2003 to become bishops. Jeffrey John, an openly gay priest with a long-time partner, was appointed to be the next Bishop of Reading in the Church of England and the General Convention of the Episcopal Church ratified the election of Gene Robinson, an openly gay non-celibate man, as Bishop of New Hampshire. Jeffrey John ultimately declined the appointment due to pressure.
Lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) people in Trinidad and Tobago face legal challenges not experienced by non-LGBTQ residents. Households headed by same-sex couples are not eligible for the same rights and benefits as that of opposite-sex couples.
Lutheran viewpoints concerning homosexuality are diverse because there is no one worldwide body which represents all Lutherans. The Lutheran World Federation, a worldwide 'communion of churches' and the largest global body of Lutherans, contains member churches on both sides of the issue. However, other Lutherans, including the Confessional Evangelical Lutheran Conference and International Lutheran Council, completely reject homosexuality.
The Anglican Church of Canada is the third largest church in Canada, after the Roman Catholic Church and the United Church of Canada. After many years of debate, the first blessing of a same-sex partnership took place in 2003, by the Diocese of New Westminster, in Vancouver. This was not considered a marriage ceremony, but rather a blessing of "permanent and faithful commitments" between persons of the same sex.
The Evangelical Church of Kurhessen-Waldeck is a United Protestant church body in former Hesse-Cassel and the Waldeck part of the former Free State of Waldeck-Pyrmont.
This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBTQ rights that took place in the year 2016.
This is a list of notable events in the history of LGBTQ rights that took place in the year 2019.
This is a list of notable events in LGBTQ rights that took place in the 2010s.
Fiji does not recognise same-sex marriage, civil unions or any other form of recognition for same-sex couples.
References
- ↑ "Gaystarnews.com: A court has just ordered these 16 countries to make same-sex marriage legal". Archived from the original on 10 January 2018. Retrieved 11 April 2018.
- ↑ "Court rules 'Buggery Law' unconstitutional". San Juan, Trinidad and Tobago: 103FM. 12 April 2018. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ↑ Morgan, Joe (12 April 2018). "Trinidad and Tobago's High Court decriminalizes gay sex". Gay Star News . London, England. Archived from the original on 12 April 2018. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
- ↑ "Bayrischer Rundfunk.de: Landessynode beschließt Segnung von homosexuellen Paaren (german)". Archived from the original on 19 April 2018. Retrieved 19 April 2018.
- ↑ "Evangelical Church of Hesse Electorate-Waldeck.de: Traugesetz gilt in Kurhessen-Waldeck künftig auch für gleichgeschlechtliche Paare (German)". Archived from the original on 9 May 2018. Retrieved 10 May 2018.
- ↑ Advocate.com: Methodists bishops back choice LGBT clergy and same-sex marriages, May 7, 2018.
- ↑ NewsHub.com: Anglican Church will bless same-sex relationships
- ↑ "Church of Scotland to draft new same-sex marriage laws". the Guardian. Press Association. 19 May 2018. Retrieved 21 May 2018.
- ↑ "IEAB synod adopts same-sex marriage canon". Anglican Ink 2018 ©. 1 June 2018. Archived from the original on 5 June 2018. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
- ↑ Same-sex married couples have the right to stay in Slovakia
- ↑ "Court rules in favour of same-sex marriage". Royal Gazette. Retrieved 6 June 2018.
- ↑ Daily Beast: Bermuda Supreme Court Strikes Down Gay Marriage Ban
- ↑ Green, Jamison (May 2004). Becoming a Visible Man . Vanderbilt University Press. p. 79. ISBN 0-8265-1457-X.
- ↑ Kacala, Alexander (18 June 2018). "Being Trans Is (Finally) No Longer Classified as a Mental Disorder by the WHO". Hornet. Archived from the original on 19 June 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
- ↑ Bulgarian Court Backs Same-sex Couple's EU Residence Rights
- ↑ Additional information for P.87/2018
- ↑ Sandeman, John (13 July 2018). "Uniting Church to hold same sex marriages". Eternity. Australia. Retrieved 13 July 2018.
- ↑ "The EU Court of Justice rules that EU free movement law should apply to same-sex couples". International Federation for Human Rights. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
- ↑ "Cuba's new constitution paves way for same-sex marriage". The Guardian. 23 July 2018.
- ↑ Cuba's National Assembly concludes debate on constitutional reforms
- ↑ Chinchilla, Sofía (9 August 2018). "Sala IV da 18 meses para que entre en vigencia el matrimonio homosexual". La Nación. Retrieved 9 August 2018.
- ↑ Madrigal Mena, Luis Manuel (8 August 2018). "Sala IV da 18 meses para aprobar matrimonio igualitario o aplicará lo dicho por Corte IDH". delfino.cr. Retrieved 8 August 2018.
- ↑ Rajagopal, Krishnadas (6 September 2018). "SC decriminalises homosexuality, says history owes LGBTQ community an apology". The Hindu. ISSN 0971-751X . Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ↑ "SC decriminalises Section 377, calls 2013 ruling 'arbitrary and retrograde' - Times of India ►". The Times of India. Retrieved 8 September 2018.
- ↑ Queer.de San Marino: Parlament beschließt Lebenspartnerschaften (German)
- ↑ NDR.de: Oldenburgische Kirche beschließt Trauuung für alle (German)
- ↑ Rtl.de: Evangelische Kirche Hessen-Nassau, Haushalt und "Trauung für alle" Archived 30 November 2018 at the Wayback Machine (German)
- ↑ Queer.de: Evangelische Landeskirchen beraten über Akzeptanz von Homo-Paaren (German)
