Spanish Presidency of the Council of the European Union | |
---|---|
Council of the European Union | |
Website | https://spanish-presidency.consilium.europa.eu |
Presidency trio | |
Spain held the presidency of the Council of the European Union during the second half of 2023. [1] The presidency was the first of three presidencies making up a presidency trio, followed by the presidency of Belgium, and scheduled to be followed by that of Hungary. [2] It was the fifth time Spain had held the presidency. [1]
On the first day of the presidency, Spanish prime minister Pedro Sánchez took the train to Kyiv in a highly symbolic visit, where he met with Ukrainian president Volodymyr Zelenskyy and addressed the Verkhovna Rada. [3] [4] [5] [a] During the visit, Sánchez stated that one of the priorities of the Spanish presidency would be working with Ukraine in its bid to accede to the European Union. [7] [5]
One of the greatest successes of this presidency is considered to be the historic breakthrough regarding the full integration of Bulgaria and Romania into the Schengen area and the initial opening of the air and sea borders of the two already Schengen countries with the other Schengen countries. Land borders are expected to be abolished in 2024. [8]
The meeting of the College of Commissioners that traditionally inaugurates the rotating presidency took place at the Royal Collections Gallery in Madrid on 3 July 2023. [9] The 3rd EU–CELAC summit took place in Brussels on 17–18 July. [10] [11] The 3rd European Political Community Summit between the members of the European Political Community took place in Granada on 5 October. [12] An informal meeting of the European Council took place at the same venue in Granada the following day, on 6 October. [13]
Area | Date | Location | Ref. |
---|---|---|---|
Environment | 10–11 July 2023 | Valladolid | [14] |
Energy | 11–12 July 2023 | Valladolid | [15] |
Employment and social policies | 13–14 July 2023 | Madrid | [16] |
Fisheries | 17–18 July 2023 | Vigo | [17] |
Justice and home affairs | 20–21 July 2023 | Logroño | [18] |
Consumer affairs and industry and internal market | 24–25 July 2023 | Bilbao | [19] |
Health | 28 July 2023 | Las Palmas de Gran Canaria | [20] |
Competitiveness (Research) | 28 July 2023 | Santander | [21] |
Defence | 30 August 2023 | Toledo | [22] |
Foreign Affairs | 31 August 2023 | Toledo | [23] |
Agriculture | 3–5 September 2023 | Córdoba | [24] |
Development | 4–5 September 2023 | Cádiz | [25] |
Economic and financial affairs | 15–16 September 2023 | Santiago de Compostela | [26] |
Education and youth | 18–19 September 2023 | Zaragoza | [27] |
Transport | 22 September 2023 | Barcelona | [28] |
Culture | 26 September 2023 | Cáceres | [29] |
General Affairs | 28 September 2023 | Murcia | [30] |
General Affairs (cohesion) | 29 September 2023 | Murcia | [31] |
Foreign Affairs | 10 October 2023 | Videoconference | [32] |
Trade | 20 October 2023 | Valencia | [33] |
Telecommunications | 23–24 October 2023 | León | [34] |
Tourism | 31 October 2023 | Palma | [35] |
European Space Agency | 7 November 2023 | Seville | [36] |
Competitiveness (space) | 7 November 2023 | Seville | [37] |
Housing and urban development | 13–14 November 2023 | Gijón | [38] |
Equality | 23–24 November 2023 | Pamplona | [39] |
The European Council is a collegiate body that defines the overall political direction and priorities of the European Union. The European Council is part of the executive of the European Union (EU), beside the European Commission. It is composed of the heads of state or of government of the EU member states, the President of the European Council, and the President of the European Commission. The High Representative of the Union for Foreign Affairs and Security Policy also takes part in its meetings.
The president of the European Council is the person presiding over and driving forward the work of the European Council on the world stage. This institution comprises the college of heads of state or government of EU member states as well as the president of the European Commission, and provides political direction to the European Union (EU).
International relations between the European Union (EU) and Ukraine are shaped through the Ukraine–European Union Association Agreement and the Deep and Comprehensive Free Trade Area (DCFTA). Ukraine is a priority partner within the Eastern Partnership and the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). The EU and Ukraine developed an increasingly close relationship, going beyond co-operation, to gradual economic integration and deepening of political co-operation. On 23 June 2022, the European Council granted Ukraine the status of a candidate for accession to the European Union.
The visa policy of the Schengen Area is a component within the wider area of freedom, security and justice policy of the European Union. It applies to the Schengen Area and to other EU member states except Ireland. The visa policy allows nationals of certain countries to enter the Schengen Area via air, land or sea without a visa for up to 90 days within any 180-day period. Nationals of certain other countries are required to have a visa to enter and, in some cases, transit through the Schengen area.
The former European Community and Georgia established relations in 1992. After the Maastricht Treaty on creation of the European Union, Georgia deepened its ties with the EU through a Partnership and Cooperation Agreement (PCA) signed in 1996. In 2006, a five-year "Action Plan" of rapprochement was implemented in the context of the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP). In 2009, relations between the two were further upgraded under the auspices of Eastern Partnership. In 2016, a comprehensive Association Agreement between the EU and Georgia went into force, providing Georgian citizens with visa-free travel to the EU, as well as access to some sectors of the European Single Market. Following Brexit, most of the existing EU-Georgia agreements applicable to the United Kingdom were renegotiated and agreed upon in 2019 bilaterally with the United Kingdom.
The Salzburg Forum (SF) is a Central European security partnership of Austria, Bulgaria, Croatia, the Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia. Member states cooperate in areas of police cooperation, illegal immigration, witness protection, fight against drugs, traffic safety and other areas of internal security. They also focus on positions coordination and advancing common interests in the European Union in the area of Home Affairs. At least two conferences of interior ministers per year are held. As a rule, three SF ministerial meetings are held per year. One meeting takes place in the country holding the presidency and one further meeting is usually held in summer in Austria. In addition, ministers regularly meet in the margins of EU Council meetings.
The Schengen Area is an area encompassing 29 European countries that have officially abolished border controls at their mutual borders. Being an element within the wider area of freedom, security and justice policy of the European Union (EU), it mostly functions as a single jurisdiction under a common visa policy for international travel purposes. The area is named after the 1985 Schengen Agreement and the 1990 Schengen Convention, both signed in Schengen, Luxembourg.
Cyprus-Spain relations are the bilateral relations between Cyprus and Spain. The relations are defined mainly by the membership of both countries to the European Union, Council of Europe and Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe, and the Union for the Mediterranean. Cyprus has an embassy in Madrid and consulates in Barcelona, Bilbao, Sevilla and Granada. Spain has an embassy in Nicosia.
The Union for the Mediterranean is an intergovernmental organization of 43 member states from Europe and the Mediterranean Basin: the 27 EU member states and 16 Mediterranean partner countries from North Africa, Western Asia and Southern Europe. It was founded on 13 July 2008 at the Paris Summit for the Mediterranean, with an aim of reinforcing the Euro-Mediterranean Partnership (Euromed) that was set up in 1995 as the Barcelona Process. Its general secretariat is located in Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.
Ingrida Šimonytė is a Lithuanian politician, public servant and economist who served as the 17th prime minister of Lithuania since 2020. She has been a Member of the Seimas for the Antakalnis constituency since 2016 and was Minister of Finance in the second Kubilius cabinet from 2009 until 2012. Šimonytė was a candidate in the 2019 and 2024 presidential election, but lost in the second round runoff to Gitanas Nausėda both times. She has been a member of Homeland Union since 2022, having previously been an independent politician.
The Valletta Summit on Migration, also called the Valletta Conference on Migration, was a summit held in Valletta, Malta, on 11–12 November 2015, in which European and African leaders discussed the European migrant crisis. The summit resulted in the EU setting up an Emergency Trust Fund to promote development in Africa, in return for African countries to help out in the crisis.
EU Med, EuroMed 9, or MED9, which is also referred to as "Club Med" and "Med Group", is an alliance of nine Mediterranean and Southern European Union member states: Croatia, Cyprus, France, Greece, Italy, Malta, Portugal, Slovenia and Spain. They are part of the Mediterranean Basin. All nine countries are states of the European Union, part of the eurozone, and all except Cyprus are part of the unbounded Schengen Area.
The European Political Community (EPC) is an intergovernmental forum for political and strategic discussions about the future of Europe, established in 2022 after the Russian invasion of Ukraine. The group first met in October 2022 in Prague, with participants from 44 European countries, as well as the Presidents of the European Council and the European Commission. It is distinct from both the European Union and the Council of Europe.
The First European Political Community Summit was the inaugural meeting of the European Political Community held on 6 October 2022 in Prague, Czech Republic. It was attended by the heads of state or government of forty-four European countries. Russia and Belarus were not invited.
The Third European Political Community Summit was a meeting of the European Political Community held on 5 October 2023 at the Granada Conference Centre in Granada, Spain.
France held the presidency of the Council of the European Union during the first half of 2022. The presidency was the first of three presidencies making up a presidency trio, followed by the presidency of the Czech Republic and that of Sweden.
Luminița-Teodora Odobescu is a Romanian ambassador and diplomat who has been serving as Minister of Foreign Affairs since 2023. She previously served as presidential advisor in the European Affairs Department from 2021 to 2023.
In July 2024, Prime Minister of Hungary Viktor Orbán announced undergoing several uncoordinated meetings that he referred to as "peace missions", visiting President of Ukraine Volodymyr Zelenskyy in Kyiv before traveling to Moscow to meet with President of Russia Vladimir Putin, followed with him visiting Beijing to meet with Xi Jinping, then traveling to the United States to attend the 2024 Washington summit and to meet Donald Trump at Mar-a-Lago. The meetings notably took place amidst heightened tensions and ongoing conflict in Ukraine following Russia's invasion in 2022, with China increasing diplomatic ties to Russia in the midst of economic sanctions by the European Union and the United States.
The 2024 Hungarian Presidency of the Council of the European Union is the third in a trio of rotating Presidency of the Council of the European Union positions currently held by Hungary. Hungary's Presidency of the Council in 2024 is the final nation in the twelfth trio of Council Presidencies together with Spain and Belgium, which began on 1 July 2023 and will last until the end of 2024. It is Hungary's second Presidency of the council, after its first in 2011.