2024 Indian farmers' protest

Last updated

2024 Indian farmers' protest
Date13 February 2024 – present [1]
Location
Flag of India.svg India
Goals
  • Pension of 10,000 INR per month for every farmer above 60 years [2]
  • Fixed daily wages for farming to the farmers under MGNREGA, Rs 700 a day with 200 days of guaranteed employment a year. [3]
  • Government to ensure at least 50% profit over their overall cost of production. [4]
  • Legal guarantee of minimum support price (MSP) for all the crops
  • Implement the recommendations of the MS Swaminathan committee on agriculture [5]
  • Justice for Lakhimpur Kheri violence [6]
  • Urge the government to fulfill its promise to double farmers' incomes, highlighting the surge in cultivation costs over recent years and the stagnation of incomes, which has rendered farming a loss-making enterprise. [4]
  • Call for the withdrawal of legal cases filed against protesters during the previous agitation in 2020-21. [4]
Methods
Resulted inProtests in parts of Punjab, Haryana and some parts of Uttar Pradesh
Parties
Casualties and losses

3 deaths [9]

Several security force personnel injured [10]
5 deaths [11]
160 protestors injured [12]

The 2024 Indian farmers' protest is the second round of continuous protests and road blockades initiated by farmers in the northern states of Punjab and Haryana on 13 February 2024, primarily located at Punjab's Shambhu border. [13] The main requests of the protests include securing legal assurance for the Minimum Support Price (MSP) for all crops and complete forgiveness of loans for all farmers. [14]

Contents

Background

In September 2020, the Parliament enacted three bills: the Farmers’ Produce Trade and Commerce (Promotion and Facilitation) Bill, 2020; the Farmers (Empowerment and Protection) Agreement on Price Assurance and Farm Services Bill, 2020; and the Essential Commodities (Amendment) Bill, 2020. [15] The administration claims that such laws would diminish the government's involvement in agriculture and create greater opportunities for the private sector. The farmers were concerned that eliminating government protections would make them vulnerable to businesses. [16]

In 2021, farmers protested against these laws. Over 200 farmers' organisations joined the protest. On November 19, 2021, Prime Minister Narendra Modi declared that the centre had chosen to revoke the three agriculture laws passed by Parliament in the year 2020. [17]

The farmers are protesting once more, alleging that the government has failed to fulfil the promises made in 2020–2021. They also blame the government for not attempting to double their incomes. Samyukta Kisan Morcha (SKM) organised a statewide rural and industrial strike to show displeasure with the government. [17]

Demands

2024: Farmers protest demands: [18] [19] [20]

  1. Minimum Support Price (MSP) Guarantee:
    • The farmers are demanding the enactment of a law that ensures a guaranteed minimum price for all crops. This legal assurance would protect their income and provide stability in agricultural markets.
  2. Debt Waiver:
    • The implementation of the Swaminathan Commission's recommendations is sought to provide debt waivers to farmers. All debts of the farmers above Rs. 10,000 to be waived, worth ₹18.4 lakh crore. [21] [22]
  3. Land Acquisition Compensation:
    • Farmers demand more compensation for land acquired by various authorities for developmental projects. They also seek the reservation of 10% of residential plots on developed lands for the families affected by land acquisition. [23]
  4. Withdrawal from World Trade Organisation (WTO) Agreements:
    • Some farmers express concerns about the impact of international trade agreements on their livelihoods.
    • They call for India's withdrawal from the WTO and the imposition of a ban on all Free Trade Agreements (FTA).
  5. Justice for Lakhimpur Kheri violence:
    • The farmers demand punishment for the perpetrators of the Lakhimpur Kheri massacre, where several farmers lost their lives.
    • Ensuring justice for the victims and their families is a critical aspect of their protest.
  6. Pension for Farmers and Farm Labourers:
    • Allocation of pensions to farmers and farm labourers.
  7. Scrapping the Electricity Amendment Bill 2020:
    • Farmers fear the growing privatisation of electricity and lack trust in state governments to pay subsidies on time.
    • They call for the removal of the bill to safeguard their interests.
  8. Compensation for Lives Lost During the 2020–2021 Agitation:
    • Families of farmers who died during the 2020–2021 agitation seek monetary compensation.
    • The demand also includes providing employment opportunities for one family member.
  9. MGNREGA Employment:
  10. National Commission for Spices:
    • The formation of a commission specifically for different spices is requested to address the unique challenges faced by spice growers.
  11. Protection of Indigenous People's Rights:
    • The farmers seek protection for land, forests, and water sources belonging to tribal communities.
    • Ensuring the rights of indigenous people is a priority.
  12. Improving Seed Quality:
    • Farmers call for measures to enhance seed quality.
    • They propose penalising companies that produce fake seeds, pesticides, and fertilisers to safeguard agricultural productivity.

Financial Security:

Market Support:

Other Demands:

Protests

With tens of thousands of farmers marching towards Delhi with their thousands of tractors, [29] the police sealed the borders and placed barricades to prevent the farmers from entering Delhi. [30] Section 144 was imposed for a month, preventing the gathering of three or more people. [31] At the Shambu border between Haryana and Punjab, where thousands of farmers gathered, police used tear gas and rubber bullets, while drones flew overhead to drop tear gas on the protesting crowds. [32] Barricades were also placed at the Gazipur and Tikri borders. [31] Internet services were suspended in seven districts of Haryana. [30] The borders between Haryana and Delhi were also blocked. Not all the farmers that participated in the 2020 protests are part of this protest. A group of 250 farmers' unions, organized under the Kisan Mazdoor Morcha and the Samyukta Kisan Morcha (a non-political platform consisting of 150 unions) from Punjab, are leading the 2024 protest. [33] [34]

The march was paused as discussions were ongoing between the farmer's unions and the government ministers. [35]

After again suspending their strike until the end of February after a young farmer died during the protests, the farmers resumed their march to the capital. [36] The protest leaders alleged that dozens of farmers were detained during the march, forcing them to call it off. The Samyukta Kisan Morcha (Non-Political) said in a statement that farmers moving towards Delhi had been stopped by police in some states. Reportedly, fifty farmers were taken into custody in Rajasthan on March 5, while others travelling to Delhi by train were also detained. The Rajasthan police denied detaining any farmers. [37]

Government proposals

Centre proposes 5-year plan to farmers to buy pulses, maize at MSP

Following the fourth round of talks between a government panel and the farmers, the central government proposed a 5-year plan for the procurement of pulses and maize at Minimum Support Price (MSP). The MSP serves as a protective measure devised by the government to assure farmers of a guaranteed price for their harvest, shielding them from market uncertainties. Acknowledging the significance of pulses and maize in the agricultural landscape, the government's proposition seeks to extend enduring assistance by ensuring a steady income for farmers.

Under the proposal, a fixed quantity of pulses and maize will be procured at MSP over the next five years. This initiative holds paramount importance in fostering price stability, curbing the exploitation of farmers by intermediaries, and fostering agricultural sustainability. By establishing a dependable market and an equitable pricing system, the plan endeavours to motivate farmers to persist in cultivating these crops, thus bolstering the country's food security efforts. [38] [ better source needed ] [39]

Gathering of farmers' organisations

The Samyukta Kisan Morcha, a non-political body of farmers that claims to be a platform of over 150 farmer organisations, and the Kisan Mazdoor Morcha, which is backed by another 100 farmers' unions, are leading the 'Delhi Chalo' march. [40] [41] The protests are led by Jagjit Singh Dallewal of BKU (Dallewal) and Sarvan Singh Pandher of Kisan Mazdoor Morcha. [42]

Death and injuries

February 2024 clashes:

Responses and reactions

A video containing the comments of Jagjit Singh Dallewal of BKU (Dallewal), an important leader of the protest, has generated some amount of controversy. In this video, Dallewal is shown indicating that they want to bring down Narendra Modi's graph (his popularity) that soared due to the consecration of the Ram Mandir, and that these protests offer a window of opportunity to achieve that. [49] These remarks were criticized by Khattar, the Haryana Chief Minister. [50] However, Pawan Khera of the Indian National Congress supported Dallewal's remarks, responding that the farmers have every right to express their political views. [51]

See also

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References

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