25th Panzergrenadier Division

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25th Infantry Division
25th Motorized Infantry Division
25th Panzergrenadier Division
German: 25. Infanterie-Division
25. Infanterie-Division (mot.)
25. Panzergrenadier-Division
25. Infanterie-Division (Wehrmacht).svg
Divisional insignia
Active1936–45
CountryFlag of Germany (1935-1945).svg  Nazi Germany
BranchWar ensign of Germany (1938-1945).svg  German Army
Type Infantry
Panzergrenadier
Role Armoured warfare
Size Division
Nickname(s)Stuttgarter Haus Division
Engagements World War II
Commanders
Notable
commanders
Anton Graßer

The 25th Infantry Division (German : 25. Infanterie-Division) was a military unit of the German Wehrmacht. It was later reclassified to 25th Motorized Infantry Division (25. Infanterie-Division (mot.)), and in June 1943 to the 25th Panzergrenadier Division (25. Panzergrenadier-Division).

Contents

The 25th Panzergrenadier Division fought in the central sector of the Eastern front from June 1943 to July 1944. It was destroyed in the encirclement east of Minsk and reformed in October 1944. It then fought in Western Europe between October 1944 and January 1945 and in eastern Germany January to May 1945. Most of the survivors of the division surrendered to the western Allies.

History

Battle of France and Eastern Front

The 25th Panzergrenadier Division was originally formed as an infantry unit, designated 25th Infantry Division and made up of Swabian and Bavarian personnel. It participated in the Polish Campaign and the Battle of France.

In late 1940, it was reorganized as the 25th motorized infantry division and took part in Operation Barbarossa, the invasion of the Soviet Union, in June 1941. It was attached to Army Group Center and fought in the Soviet Union for two years before being reorganized as the 25th Panzergrenadier Division in June 1943. After another year of heavy fighting, the division was almost destroyed near Minsk during the Soviet Operation Bagration in the summer of 1944; the survivors were reorganized at the training area at Mielau (in modern-day Poland) as the 107th Panzer Brigade.

Western Front (1944–1945)

In September 1944, the 107th Panzer Brigade participated in Operation Market Garden as part of LXXXVI Corps of the 1st Parachute Army. [1] The Brigade had been re-routed from Aachen to the Netherlands and went almost immediately into combat at Nuenen against the American 506th PIR of the 101st Airborne Division and the British 15th/19th The King's Royal Hussars of the 11th Armoured Division. [2]

In November 1944, the brigade was upgraded back to divisional status at the Baumholder training area and re-numbered back as the 25th Panzergrenadier Division.

The new division moved to France in the area of the German-Luxembourg-French border at Sierck-les-Bains, where it fought a delaying action against the US Third Army, until December. It was then moved to Bitche. There it fought on the Maginot line fortifications at Forts Ouvrage Simserhof and Ouvrage Schiesseck, under the command of the XIII SS Corps and Obergruppenführer Max Simon.

After the US Seventh Army's offensive operations were halted in December as a result of the German Ardennes Offensive, the 25th was pulled out of the line and re-organized near Zweibrücken. It then took part in Operation Nordwind, along with the 21st Panzer Division. Together, these divisions were to exploit the penetrations made by either the XIII SS Corps in the west, or the LXXXIX and XC Corps in the east, with the intention of cutting the US Seventh Army off from the 1st French Army. It was then sent back to the eastern front to defend against the Soviet attack on the Oder north of Berlin, most of the survivors managed to escape to the west and surrendered to the British or Americans. [3] [4] [5]

Commanders

Order of battle

The action at Nuenen by the 107th Panzer Brigade during Operation Market Garden is dramatized in episode 4 "Replacements" of the television series Band of Brothers.

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References

  1. "Order of Battle". PegasusArchive.org. Retrieved 16 April 2018.
  2. Kershaw, Robert J. (2013) [1990]. It Never Snows in September: The German View of Market-Garden and the Battle of Arnhem, September 1944. Hersham: Ian Allan. pp. 118–145. ISBN   978-0-7110-3322-1.
  3. "The 25th Panzer-Grenadier Division". US 100th Infantry Division. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  4. 1 2 Wendal, Marcus. "25. Panzergrenadier-Division". Axis History. Archived from the original on 13 January 2010. Retrieved 4 January 2009.
  5. Mitcham (2007), pp. 111–113.
  6. Mitcham (2007), p. 113.