491 Gallery

Last updated

Frontage of the 491 Gallery. 491 Gallery.jpg
Frontage of the 491 Gallery.

The 491 Gallery was a squatted self-managed social centre and multi-disciplinary gallery in Leytonstone, London, England, that operated from 2001 to 2013. [1] Taking its name from its street number, 491 Grove Green Road, the former factory was home to a community-led art organisation and served as an exhibition space for a diverse range of artists of different origins working in varied media. It contained a range of art and music studios, which were used to host workshops, classes and musical rehearsals. [2] [3] The building was subsequently demolished in 2016.

Contents

Origin

Musicians that performed at the 491 Gallery included Lamb, who played a secret show on their final live tour in 2004. Lamb at 491 Gallery set list.jpg
Musicians that performed at the 491 Gallery included Lamb, who played a secret show on their final live tour in 2004.

The building, originally a factory, was later used as a storage space and warehouse for materials being used to construct the A12 that cuts through Leytonstone and the surrounding areas. Unlike the rest of the surrounding buildings, it and the few neighbouring houses were not subject to compulsory purchase orders and demolition for the A12 site. [4] When in late 2000 the building was abandoned, it became occupied by a group of homeless drug users, who remained in it for some six months. Within a month of their vacating the premises, the building was reoccupied by a group of artists, [5] who spent the next several years turning it into a community space. [2] The neighbouring building, formerly houses, was also occupied, and named Vertigo, after the film by Alfred Hitchcock, a famous resident of Leytonstone.

Activities

The 491 Gallery and Vertigo collectively collaborated on hosting regular exhibitions and offered studio space for musicians to use. They were maintained largely through small donations made by the public. Transport for London, the 491 building's legal owner at the time, agreed to allow the continued use of the building, although no formal arrangement was made with the occupants. [2] The owner of the Vertigo building allowed its use for an annual peppercorn rent of £1. [6] The Gallery regularly hosted art exhibitions, themed events and film screenings, such as a Transition Towns screening of The Power of Community: How Cuba Survived Peak Oil. [7]

Following a fire in 2008, [8] the Vertigo building was rebuilt throughout by its residents, and in 2009 was decorated with an exterior mural of Hitchcock to add to the artistic tributes in the local area, such as the mosaics in the neighbouring Leytonstone Underground station. [9]

Closure

In June 2012, Transport for London sold the building to property developers seeking to demolish the building and build a block of flats. [3] [10]

On 14 January 2013, the 491 Gallery closed and was given to the new owners. The Vertigo building was not subject to sale. [1] In the spring of 2016 the former gallery building and its community garden were demolished. The Vertigo building was also sold, and eventually demolished in 2019.[ citation needed ]

See also

Related Research Articles

<i>Vertigo</i> (film) 1958 film by Alfred Hitchcock

Vertigo is a 1958 American psychological thriller film directed and produced by Alfred Hitchcock. The story was based on the 1954 novel D'entre les morts by Boileau-Narcejac. The screenplay was written by Alec Coppel and Samuel A. Taylor. The film stars James Stewart as former police detective John "Scottie" Ferguson, who has retired because an incident in the line of duty has caused him to develop acrophobia and vertigo, a false sense of rotational movement. Scottie is hired by an acquaintance, Gavin Elster, as a private investigator to follow Gavin's wife, Madeleine, who is behaving strangely.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leyton</span> Town in east London, England

Leyton is a town in east London, England, within the London Borough of Waltham Forest. It borders Walthamstow to the north, Leytonstone to the east, and Stratford to the south, with Clapton, Hackney Wick and Homerton, across the River Lea, to the west. The area includes New Spitalfields Market, Leyton Orient Football Club, as well as part of the Queen Elizabeth Olympic Park. The town consists largely of terraced houses built between 1870 and 1910, interspersed with some modern housing estates. It is 6.2 miles (10 km) north-east of Charing Cross.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Walthamstow</span> Town in London, England

Walthamstow is a town in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, around 7.5 miles (12 km) northeast of Central London. The town borders Chingford to the north, Snaresbrook and South Woodford to the east, Leyton and Leytonstone to the south, and Tottenham to the west. At the 2011 census, the town had a population of approximately 109,424.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">London Borough of Waltham Forest</span> London borough in United Kingdom

The London Borough of Waltham Forest is an outer London borough formed in 1965 from the merger of the municipal boroughs of Leyton, Walthamstow and Chingford.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leytonstone</span> Area of East London

Leytonstone is an area in East London, England, within the London Borough of Waltham Forest. It adjoins Wanstead to the north-east, Forest Gate to the south-east, Stratford to the south-west, Leyton to the west, and Walthamstow to the north-west, and is 7 miles (11 km) north-east of Charing Cross.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leyton tube station</span> London Underground station

Leyton is a London Underground station in Leyton, in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, East London. Located on Leyton High Road, adjacent to the A12, the station is on the Central line between two stations assigned to two fare zones – Stratford and Leytonstone. It is in zone 3.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">A11 road (England)</span> Road in England

The A11 is a major trunk road in England. It originally ran roughly north east from London to Norwich, Norfolk. It now consists of a short section in Inner London and a much longer section in Cambridgeshire, Suffolk and Norfolk. The lengthy section between these was renumbered as a result of the opening of the M11 in the 1970s and then the A12 extension in 1999.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">M11 link road protest</span> Protest against construction of a road in London

The M11 link road protest was a campaign against the construction of the M11 link road in east London in the early to mid-1990s. "A12 Hackney to M11 link road", as it was officially called, was part of a significant local road scheme to connect traffic from the East Cross Route (A12) in Hackney Wick to the M11 via Leyton, Leytonstone, Wanstead and the Redbridge Roundabout, avoiding urban streets.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leytonstone tube station</span> London Underground station

Leytonstone is a London Underground station in Leytonstone in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, east London. It is on the Central line, on the boundary of Zones 3 and 4. Towards Central London, the next station is Leyton, while going east from Leytonstone, the line divides into two branches. On the direct route to Woodford and Epping the next stop is Snaresbrook, and on the Hainault loop it is Wanstead. The station is close to Whipps Cross University Hospital. It is a terminus for some services and returns westbound.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">William Morris Gallery</span> Museum and exhibitions in Walthamstow, London

The William Morris Gallery is a museum devoted to the life and works of William Morris, an English Arts and Crafts designer and early socialist. It is located in Walthamstow at Water House, a substantial Grade II* listed Georgian home. The extensive grounds of the building are a public park, known as Lloyd Park.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Whipps Cross University Hospital</span> Hospital in England

Whipps Cross University Hospital is a large university hospital in the locality of Whipps Cross in Leytonstone and is within Epping Forest in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, London, England. It is managed by Barts Health NHS Trust.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Forest Café</span> Building in Lauriston Place, Tollcross Edinburgh

The Forest, also referred to as Forest Café, was an independent social centre and arts centre located in central Edinburgh, Scotland. It was notable for being run by volunteers as a charitable, self-sustaining not-for-profit. The Forest was initially housed at a West Port venue from 2000 to 2003, then housed at 3 Bristo Place in the former Edinburgh Seventh Day Adventist Church, a building owned by the Edinburgh University Settlement until August 2011. It featured a two room café with performance space, a single room art gallery named Total Kunst, a radical library named Old Hat Books housed in the café front room, an Action Room for consensus process based organisational working group meetings and internet access, artist gallery spaces, a meeting cum screen printing and crafting room, a rehearsal/music studio, a walk-in freezer, a woodworking and machining room, a darkroom specialising in alternative photographic process, and unisex toilets. In August 2012 The Forest reopened at 141 Lauriston Place, Tollcross where it continued its activity as a volunteer-run vegetarian cafe with regular free events and workshops, assuming a pivotal role in the revival of the independent community development in central Edinburgh. In 2022 the physical space closed citing difficulties arising from the COVID-19 pandemic, despite arts activities continuing decentrally.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom</span> Self-organised anti-capitalist communal spaces in the UK

Self-managed social centres in the United Kingdom can be found in squatted, rented, mortgaged and fully owned buildings. These self-managed social centres differ from community centres in that they are self-organised under anti-authoritarian principles and volunteer-run, without any assistance from the state. The largest number have occurred in London from the 1980s onwards, although projects exist in most cities across the UK, linked in a network. Squatted social centres tend to be quickly evicted and therefore some projects deliberately choose a short-term existence, such as A-Spire in Leeds or the Okasional Café in Manchester. Longer term social centres include the 1 in 12 Club in Bradford, the Cowley Club in Brighton and the Sumac Centre in Nottingham, which are co-operatively owned.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Self-managed social centres in Italy</span> Self-organised autonomous projects in Italy

Self-managed social centres in Italy exist in many cities. They are part of different left-wing political networks including anarchist, communist, socialist, and autonomist. The centres tend to be squatted and provide self-organised, self-financing spaces for alternative and noncommercial activities such as concerts, exhibitions, farmers' markets, infoshops, and migrant initiatives. Over time, some but not all projects have opted to legalize their status.

The Spike Surplus Scheme was a community-run self-managed social centre in a squatted building in Peckham, South London. It was occupied in 1999 and provided a range of mostly free activities for local people until its eviction in 2009 by Southwark Council.

The DA! collective is an art collective that squats in London, England, co-founded by Simon and Bogna McAndrew, Stephanie Smith, Samuel Conrad, Julika Vaci, Aishlinn Dowling, Sam Padfield and Murat Bulut Aysan. After squatting in three buildings, they received national attention when they squatted a townhouse in Mayfair, Westminster, Greater London in October 2008. The property, at 18 Upper Grosvenor Street, is a 30-room grade II-listed 1730s mansion worth an estimated £6.25 million owned by the billionaire Duke of Westminster, Britain's wealthiest private landlord.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Squatting in England and Wales</span> Occupation of unused land or derelict buildings in England and Wales

In England and Wales, squatting—taking possession of land or an empty house the squatter does not own—occurs for a variety of reasons which include needing a home, protest, poverty, and recreation. Many squats are residential; some are also opened as social centres. Land may be occupied by New Age travellers or treesitters.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Leytonstone Library</span>

Leytonstone Library is a public library in Leytonstone, London and a grade II* listed building. The library was built in 1934 for Leyton Urban District Council, and is now managed by the London Borough of Waltham Forest.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Green Man, Leytonstone</span> Pub and road junction in Leytonstone, London

The Green Man is a pub and road junction on High Road, Leytonstone, London. The pub has been rebranded as part of the O'Neill's chain. The current 1920s building replaced an earlier public house, close to the original site; which was built around 1668 and mentioned by Daniel Defoe.

References

  1. 1 2 "491 Gallery". 14 January 2013. Archived from the original on 6 December 2019. Retrieved 16 January 2013.
  2. 1 2 3 Diane Taylor (27 August 2008). "Positive occupation". The Guardian . Archived from the original on 3 September 2008. Retrieved 21 September 2008.
  3. 1 2 Jones, Claire (4 November 2012). "Supporters speak out for community art space". Financial Times . Archived from the original on 12 November 2012. Retrieved 5 November 2012.(registration required)
  4. House of Commons of the United Kingdom (15 May 1989). "City of London (Various Powers) Bill (By Order)". Parliamentary Debates (Hansard) . Her Majesty's Government. Archived from the original on 2 July 2009. Retrieved 29 November 2008.
  5. The Art Organisation. ""491 Squat Gallery activities February–March 2002", archived copy of original announcement of 491 Gallery". Archived from the original on 5 May 2012. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
  6. Sara Newman (22 January 2006). "Into the housing wilderness step 15,000 squatters". The Independent . Archived from the original on 28 October 2009. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
  7. Claire Hack (12 October 2009). "LEYTONSTONE: Film on 'peak oil' to be screened". Waltham Forest Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 21 September 2009.
  8. Sarah Cosgrove (12 October 2009). "Fire at the 491 Club". Waltham Forest Guardian. Archived from the original on 18 February 2012. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
  9. "A mural of Alfred Hitchcock has appeared in the film legend's birthplace, Leytonstone". Waltham Forest Guardian. 12 October 2009. Archived from the original on 17 October 2009. Retrieved 15 November 2009.
  10. Figen Gunes (26 July 2012). "Community art space under threat". Waltham Forest Guardian. Archived from the original on 4 March 2016. Retrieved 26 July 2012.

51°34′01″N0°00′23″E / 51.5670°N 0.0063°E / 51.5670; 0.0063