AMY1A | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Identifiers | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Aliases | AMY1A , AMY1, amylase, alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A (salivary), amylase alpha 1A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
External IDs | OMIM: 104700 HomoloGene: 133998 GeneCards: AMY1A | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
EC number | 3.2.1.1 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Orthologs | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
Species | Human | Mouse | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Entrez |
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Ensembl |
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RefSeq (mRNA) |
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RefSeq (protein) |
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Location (UCSC) | Chr 1: 103.66 – 103.66 Mb | n/a | |||||||||||||||||||||||
PubMed search | [2] | n/a | |||||||||||||||||||||||
Wikidata | |||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Alpha-amylase 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY1A gene. [3] This gene is found in many organisms.
Amylases are secreted proteins that hydrolyze 1,4-alpha-glucoside bonds in oligosaccharides and polysaccharides, and thus catalyze the first step in digestion of dietary starch and glycogen. The human genome has a cluster of several amylase genes that are expressed at high levels in either salivary gland or pancreas. This gene encodes an amylase isoenzyme produced by the salivary gland. Alternative splicing results in multiple transcript variants encoding the same protein. [3]
An amylase is an enzyme that catalyses the hydrolysis of starch into sugars. Amylase is present in the saliva of humans and some other mammals, where it begins the chemical process of digestion. Foods that contain large amounts of starch but little sugar, such as rice and potatoes, may acquire a slightly sweet taste as they are chewed because amylase degrades some of their starch into sugar. The pancreas and salivary gland make amylase to hydrolyse dietary starch into disaccharides and trisaccharides which are converted by other enzymes to glucose to supply the body with energy. Plants and some bacteria also produce amylase. Specific amylase proteins are designated by different Greek letters. All amylases are glycoside hydrolases and act on α-1,4-glycosidic bonds.
Alpha-amylase(α-amylase) is an enzyme EC 3.2.1.1 that hydrolyses alpha bonds of large, alpha-linked polysaccharides, such as starch and glycogen, yielding shorter chains thereof, dextrins, and maltose. It is the major form of amylase found in humans and other mammals. It is also present in seeds containing starch as a food reserve, and is secreted by many fungi. It is a member of glycoside hydrolase family 13.
Dual specificity mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase 3 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the MAP2K3 gene.
Y box binding protein 1 also known as Y-box transcription factor or nuclease-sensitive element-binding protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the YBX1 gene.
Adenylyl cyclase type 6 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ADCY6 gene.
Pancreatic alpha-amylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2A gene.
Glucosidase 2 subunit beta is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PRKCSH gene.
Cdc42-interacting protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIP10 gene.
Gamma-aminobutyric acid receptor subunit beta-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GABRB1 gene.
Macrophage-stimulating protein (MSP), also known as hepatocyte growth factor-like protein, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MST1 gene.
Statherin is a protein in humans that is encoded by the STATH gene. It prevents the precipitation of calcium phosphate in saliva, maintaining a high calcium level in saliva available for remineralisation of tooth enamel and high phosphate levels for buffering.
F-actin-capping protein subunit alpha-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CAPZA1 gene.
Alpha-amylase 2B is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the AMY2B gene.
Regenerating islet-derived protein 3 alpha formerly known as HIP/PAP and peptide 23 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the REG3A gene.
40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS4Y1 gene.
Annexin A8-like protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ANXA8L2 gene.
Pancreatic secretory granule membrane major glycoprotein GP2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the GP2 gene.
Elongation factor Tu, mitochondrial is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TUFM gene. It is an EF-Tu homolog.
1-Phosphatidylinositol-4,5-bisphosphate phosphodiesterase delta-4 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLCD4 gene.
Alpha-catulin is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CTNNAL1 gene.