ARFGAP1

Last updated
ARFGAP1
Protein ARFGAP1 PDB 3DWD.png
Available structures
PDB Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
Identifiers
Aliases ARFGAP1 , ARF1GAP, HRIHFB2281, ADP ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1
External IDs OMIM: 608377 MGI: 2183559 HomoloGene: 5517 GeneCards: ARFGAP1
Orthologs
SpeciesHumanMouse
Entrez
Ensembl
UniProt
RefSeq (mRNA)

NM_001281482
NM_001281483
NM_001281484
NM_018209
NM_175609

Contents

RefSeq (protein)

NP_001268411
NP_001268412
NP_001268413
NP_060679
NP_783202

Location (UCSC) Chr 20: 63.27 – 63.29 Mb Chr 2: 180.61 – 180.62 Mb
PubMed search [3] [4]
Wikidata
View/Edit Human View/Edit Mouse

ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 1 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ARFGAP1 gene. [5] [6] Two transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.

Function

The protein encoded by this gene is a GTPase-activating protein (GAP) which associates with the Golgi apparatus and which interacts with ADP-ribosylation factor 1 (ARF1). The encoded protein promotes hydrolysis of ARF1-bound GTP and is required for the dissociation of coat proteins from Golgi-derived membranes and vesicles. Dissociation of the coat proteins is required for the fusion of these vesicles with target compartments. The activity of this protein is stimulated by phosphoinositides and inhibited by phosphatidylcholine. [6]

The protein has two amphipathic lipid packing sensor motifs (ALPS), that let the protein sense the curvature of the membrane (<30 nm) or lipid packing defects, and in this way evaluate if the vesicle is mature and ready for coat disassembly. [7] [8]

Interactions

ARFGAP1 has been shown to interact with KDELR1 and LRRK2. [9] [10] [11]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Golgi apparatus</span> Cell organelle that packages proteins for export

The Golgi apparatus, also known as the Golgi complex, Golgi body, or simply the Golgi, is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Part of the endomembrane system in the cytoplasm, it packages proteins into membrane-bound vesicles inside the cell before the vesicles are sent to their destination. It resides at the intersection of the secretory, lysosomal, and endocytic pathways. It is of particular importance in processing proteins for secretion, containing a set of glycosylation enzymes that attach various sugar monomers to proteins as the proteins move through the apparatus.

GTPases are a large family of hydrolase enzymes that bind to the nucleotide guanosine triphosphate (GTP) and hydrolyze it to guanosine diphosphate (GDP). The GTP binding and hydrolysis takes place in the highly conserved P-loop "G domain", a protein domain common to many GTPases.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">COPI</span> Protein complex

COPI is a coatomer, a protein complex that coats vesicles transporting proteins from the cis end of the Golgi complex back to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER), where they were originally synthesized, and between Golgi compartments. This type of transport is retrograde transport, in contrast to the anterograde transport associated with the COPII protein. The name "COPI" refers to the specific coat protein complex that initiates the budding process on the cis-Golgi membrane. The coat consists of large protein subcomplexes that are made of seven different protein subunits, namely α, β, β', γ, δ, ε and ζ.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARF6</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor 6 (ARF6) is a member of the ADP ribosylation factor family of GTP-binding proteins. ARF6 has a variety of cellular functions that are frequently involved in trafficking of biological membranes and transmembrane protein cargo. ARF6 has specifically been implicated in endocytosis of plasma membrane proteins and also, to a lesser extent, plasma membrane protein recycling.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ADP ribosylation factor</span> Group of proteins

ADP ribosylation factors (ARFs) are members of the ARF family of GTP-binding proteins of the Ras superfamily. ARF family proteins are ubiquitous in eukaryotic cells, and six highly conserved members of the family have been identified in mammalian cells. Although ARFs are soluble, they generally associate with membranes because of N-terminus myristoylation. They function as regulators of vesicular traffic and actin remodelling.

The coatomer is a protein complex that coats membrane-bound transport vesicles. Two types of coatomers are known:

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARF1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARF1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">COPB1</span> Protein-coding gene in humans

Coatomer subunit beta is a protein that in humans is encoded by the COPB1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CYTH2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cytohesin-2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYTH2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">CYTH1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Cytohesin-1 formerly known as Pleckstrin homology, Sec7 and coiled/coil domains 1 (PSCD1) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CYTH1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARF3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARF3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARF5</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor 5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARF5 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARF4</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARF4 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">KDELR1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

KDEL (Lys-Asp-Glu-Leu) endoplasmic reticulum protein retention receptor 1, also known as KDELR1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the KDELR1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">DDEF2</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

Arf-GAP with SH3 domain, ANK repeat and PH domain-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ASAP2 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARFRP1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor-related protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARFRP1 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">TRIM23</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

GTP-binding protein ARD-1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM23 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">ARFGAP3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase-activating protein 3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ARFGAP3 gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">IQSEC1</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

IQ motif and SEC7 domain-containing protein 1 also known as ARF-GEP100 (ADP-Ribosylation Factor - Guanine nucleotide-Exchange Protein - 100-kDa) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the IQSEC1 gene.

Exomer is a heterotetrameric protein complex similar to COPI and other adaptins. It was first described in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Exomer is a cargo adaptor important in transporting molecules from the Golgi apparatus toward the cell membrane. The vesicles it is found on are different from COPI vesicles in that they do not appear to have a "coat" or "scaffold" around them.

References

  1. 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000101199 - Ensembl, May 2017
  2. 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000027575 - Ensembl, May 2017
  3. "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  4. "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
  5. Huber I, Rotman M, Pick E, Makler V, Rothem L, Cukierman E, Cassel D (February 2001). "Expression, purification, and properties of ADP-ribosylation factor (ARF) GTPase activating protein-1". Regulators and Effectors of Small GTPases Part E: GTPases Involved in Visicular Traffic. Methods in Enzymology. Vol. 329. pp. 307–16. doi:10.1016/S0076-6879(01)29092-2. ISBN   9780121822309. PMID   11210549.
  6. 1 2 "Entrez Gene: ARFGAP1 ADP-ribosylation factor GTPase activating protein 1".
  7. Mesmin B, Drin G, Levi S, Rawet M, Cassel D, Bigay J, Antonny B (February 2007). "Two lipid-packing sensor motifs contribute to the sensitivity of ArfGAP1 to membrane curvature". Biochemistry. 46 (7): 1779–90. doi:10.1021/bi062288w. PMID   17253781.
  8. Antonny B (June 2011). "Mechanisms of membrane curvature sensing". Annual Review of Biochemistry. 80: 101–23. doi:10.1146/annurev-biochem-052809-155121. PMID   21438688.
  9. Aoe T, Cukierman E, Lee A, Cassel D, Peters PJ, Hsu VW (December 1997). "The KDEL receptor, ERD2, regulates intracellular traffic by recruiting a GTPase-activating protein for ARF1". The EMBO Journal. 16 (24): 7305–16. doi:10.1093/emboj/16.24.7305. PMC   1170331 . PMID   9405360.
  10. Majoul I, Straub M, Hell SW, Duden R, Söling HD (July 2001). "KDEL-cargo regulates interactions between proteins involved in COPI vesicle traffic: measurements in living cells using FRET". Developmental Cell. 1 (1): 139–53. doi: 10.1016/S1534-5807(01)00004-1 . PMID   11703931.
  11. Stafa K, Trancikova A, Webber PJ, Glauser L, West AB, Moore DJ (February 2012). "GTPase activity and neuronal toxicity of Parkinson's disease-associated LRRK2 is regulated by ArfGAP1". PLOS Genetics. 8 (2): e1002526. doi: 10.1371/journal.pgen.1002526 . PMC   3280333 . PMID   22363216.

Further reading