The Turkistan Islamic Party (TIP) is a terrorist Uyghur Islamic extremist organization founded in Pakistan by Hasan Mahsum. Its stated goals are to establish an Islamic state in Xinjiang and Central Asia,and eventually a caliphate.
The Islamic Movement of Uzbekistan was a militant Islamist group formed in 1998 by Islamic ideologue Tahir Yuldashev and former Soviet paratrooper Juma Namangani;both ethnic Uzbeks from the Fergana Valley. Its original objective was to overthrow President Islam Karimov of Uzbekistan and create an Islamic state under Sharia;however,in subsequent years,it reinvented itself as an ally of Al-Qaeda. The group also maintained relations with Afghan Taliban in 1990s. However,later on,relations between the Afghan Taliban and the IMU started declining.
Hasan Mahsum,also known as Abu-Muhammad al-Turkestani and Ashan Sumut,was an Uyghur militant who was the leader of the Turkistan Islamic Party,an Islamic extremist group suspected of having ties with Al Qaeda. He was shot dead in a counter-terrorism operation on October 2,2003 by the Pakistani Army.
Terrorism in China refers to the use or threatened use of violence to effect political or ideological change in the People's Republic of China. The definition of terrorism differs among scholars,between international and national bodies and across time and there is no legally binding definition internationally. In the cultural setting of China,the term is relatively new and ambiguous.
Atiyah Abd al-Rahman,born Jamal Ibrahim Ashtiwi al Misrati,was reported by the US State Department to be a senior member of al-Qaeda and a member of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group and Ansar al-Sunna. His name may be rendered in English as Atiyah Abdur-rahman or Atiyah Abdul-Rahman or in other ways. After his death he was described in Foreign Policy as a renaissance man for "combining both strategic and ideological savvy".
Ali Ammar Ashur al-Raqiai,known as Abu Laith al-Libi,was a senior leader of the al-Qaeda movement in Afghanistan who appeared in several al-Qaeda videos. He was believed to have been active in the tribal regions of Waziristan. He also served as an al Qaeda spokesman. According to the Defense Intelligence Agency,he was an "expert in guerilla warfare."
FDD's Long War Journal (LWJ) is an American news website,also described as a blog,which reports on the War on terror. The site is operated by Public Multimedia Incorporated (PMI),a non-profit media organization established in 2007. PMI is run by Paul Hanusz and Bill Roggio. Roggio is the managing editor of the journal and Thomas Joscelyn is senior editor. The site is a project of the Foundation for Defense of Democracies,where both Roggio and Joscelyn are senior fellows.
Bill Roggio is an American commentator on military affairs,and the managing editor of The Long War Journal. Prior to leading a team of online commentators,Roggio published the online weblog The Fourth Rail. Roggio was an active duty soldier in the United States Army in the 1990s.
Muhammad Abdallah Hasan Abu-al-Khayr,also known as Abu Abdallah al-Halabi,was a citizen of Saudi Arabia notable for being named on its 2009 list of most wanted suspected terrorists. He was alleged to be one of Osama bin Laden's bodyguards,and one of his sons-in-law.
Abdullah Said al-Libi was described as being an al Qaeda operational leader in Pakistan. He is reported to have previously served in the Libyan military. He led an al-Qaeda paramilitary force. Said al-Libi was killed in a drone strike on 17 December 2009 in North Waziristan. In April 2009 he had released a statement where he identified himself as the leader of al Qaeda's efforts to take control of Khorasan - an ancient Islamic province that included Afghanistan,Pakistan,and some neighboring areas.
The 2011 Kashgar attacks were a series of knife and bomb attacks in Kashgar,Xinjiang,China on July 30 and 31,2011. On July 30,two Uyghur men hijacked a truck,killed its driver,and drove into a crowd of pedestrians. They got out of the truck and stabbed six people to death and injured 27 others. One of the attackers was killed by the crowd;the other was brought into custody. On July 31,a chain of two explosions started a fire at a downtown restaurant. A group of armed Uyghur men killed two people inside of the restaurant and four people outside,injuring 15 other people. Police shot five suspects dead,detained four,and killed two others who initially escaped arrest.
Abdul Shakoor al-Turkistani,also known as Abdul Shakoor Damla and Emeti Yakuf,was the emir of the East Turkistan Islamic Party,an Islamist organisation that seeks independence for China's Xinjiang province and for it to become an Islamic state. In August 2011,Abdul Shakoor reportedly appeared in a video with his face obscured taking responsibility for the 2011 Kashgar attacks and 2011 Hotan attack.
The Barin uprising was an armed conflict between Uyghur militants and Chinese government forces from 4 to 10 April 1990 in the township of Barin in Xinjiang,China. Violence began on the evening of 4 April,when a group of 200 to 300 Uyghur men attempted to breach the gates of the local government office in a protest against forced abortions of Uyghur women and Chinese rule in Xinjiang. The arrival of 130 armed police to quell the unrest was immediately met with armed resistance by militants among the crowd. Initial clashes that evening left six policemen dead and 13 wounded. The militants also captured five policemen,while the armed police captured 19 militants.
Since the late 1990s,several members of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group had decided to leave the band,most of them joining other armed organizations.
Abu-Zaid al Kuwaiti was a high-ranking member of Al-Qaeda,and was considered a potential successor to Ayman al-Zawahiri,the head of the Salafist jihad group. Abu-Zaid was killed in a drone strike in Pakistan.
The Xinjiang conflict,also known as the East Turkistan conflict,Uyghur–Chinese conflict or Sino-East Turkistan conflict,is an ongoing ethnic geopolitical conflict in what is now China's far-northwest autonomous region of Xinjiang,also known as East Turkistan. It is centred around the Uyghurs,a Turkic ethnic group who constitute a plurality of the region's population.
The Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria is the Syrian branch of the Turkistan Islamic Party,an armed Uyghur Jihadist group with a presence in the Syrian Civil War. While the TIP has been active in Syria,the organization's core leadership is based in Afghanistan and Pakistan,with a presence in its home territory of China.
Abdullah al-Muhaysini,is a Saudi Arabian Salafi cleric who is known for having served as a religious judge in the Army of Conquest in the Syrian Civil War.
Abu Omar al-Turkistani was a high-ranking commander for several al-Qaeda-affiliated groups,such as the Islamic Jihad Union (IJU),the Al-Nusra Front and the Turkistan Islamic Party in Syria (TIP). Active as a militant since at least 2001,al-Turkistani fought in both the War in Afghanistan and the Syrian Civil War. By late 2016,he was considered to be "one of top ten leading 'jihadists' in Syria" and one of the "four most prominent leaders" of TIP. Shortly before his death,al-Turkistani helped to facilitate the merger of many Islamist rebel groups into Tahrir al-Sham. He was eventually killed by an American drone strike on 1 January 2017.
East Turkestan Islamic Movement 
al-Qaeda