Academic dress of Liverpool John Moores University

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The academic dress of Liverpool John Moores University is the formal attire worn by academics and graduating students at the university on formal occasions. This includes graduation and inauguration ceremonies of senior academic officers where it is compulsory to be worn. The regalia has been used since the institute was granted university status in 1992 were Ede & Ravenscroft was appointed the official tailor for academic dress.

Academic dress regulated formal attire worn by students and officials at certain schools and universities, especially for commencement or other cermonial occasions

Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree, or hold a status that entitles them to assume them. It is also known as academical dress, academicals, subfusc and, in the United States, as academic regalia.

Liverpool John Moores University university in Liverpool, United Kingdom

Liverpool John Moores University is a public research university in the city of Liverpool, England. The university can trace its origins to the Liverpool Mechanics' School of Arts, established in 1823. This later merged to become Liverpool Polytechnic. In 1992, following an Act of Parliament, the Liverpool Polytechnic became what is now Liverpool John Moores University. It is named after Sir John Moores, a local businessman and philanthropist, who donated to the university's precursor institutions.

Ede & Ravenscroft oldest tailors in London

Ede & Ravenscroft are the oldest tailors in London, established in 1689. They have three London premises, in Gracechurch Street, Chancery Lane and Burlington Gardens, very close to the famous Savile Row. They make, sell and hire out legal gowns and wigs, clerical dress, civic and municipal robes, academic dress and other ceremonial and formal dress, and have shops in Oxford, Cambridge and Edinburgh.

Contents

Student dress

Undergraduates

Those receiving a Bachelor's degree from the university wear a dark blue gown [1] and a dark blue mortarboard with dark blue tassel. The hood is grey silk embossed with the university coat of arms

A bachelor's degree or baccalaureate is an undergraduate academic degree awarded by colleges and universities upon completion of a course of study lasting three to seven years. In some institutions and educational systems, some bachelor's degrees can only be taken as graduate or postgraduate degrees after a first degree has been completed. In countries with qualifications frameworks, bachelor's degrees are normally one of the major levels in the framework, although some qualifications titled bachelor's degrees may be at other levels and some qualifications with non-bachelor's titles may be classified as bachelor's degrees.

Square academic cap Academic headdress consisting of a horizontal square board fixed upon a skull-cap

The square academic cap, graduate cap, cap, mortarboard or Oxford cap, is an item of academic dress consisting of a horizontal square board fixed upon a skull-cap, with a tassel attached to the centre. In the UK and the US, it is commonly referred to informally in conjunction with an academic gown as a "cap and gown". It is also sometimes termed a square, trencher, or corner-cap. The adjective academical is also used.

Postgraduates

Masters

Candidates accepting a Master's degree wear a dark blue gown and a dark blue mortarboard with dark blue tassel. The gown has grey silk trims going down the edges of the front with rows of the university coat of arms embossed on each trim. The hood is grey silk also embossed with the coat of arms.

A master's degree is an academic degree awarded by universities or colleges upon completion of a course of study demonstrating mastery or a high-order overview of a specific field of study or area of professional practice. A master's degree normally requires previous study at the bachelor's level, either as a separate degree or as part of an integrated course. Within the area studied, master's graduates are expected to possess advanced knowledge of a specialized body of theoretical and applied topics; high order skills in analysis, critical evaluation, or professional application; and the ability to solve complex problems and think rigorously and independently.

Doctorates

Research graduates receiving a Ph.D wear a dark blue tudor bonnet with red tassel. [2] The gown is scarlet [3] with dark blue trims going down the edges of the front with embossments of the university coat of arms. The gown has dark blue under layers on the arms with a dark blue trim on the top edges, also embossed with the coat of arms. The hood is scarlet and dark blue.

Doctor of Philosophy Postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities in many countries

A Doctor of Philosophy is the highest university degree that is conferred after a course of study by universities in most countries. PhDs are awarded for programs across the whole breadth of academic fields. As an earned research degree, those studying for a PhD are usually required to produce original research that expands the boundaries of knowledge, normally in the form of a thesis or dissertation, and defend their work against experts in the field. The completion of a PhD is often a requirement for employment as a university professor, researcher, or scientist in many fields. Individuals who have earned a Doctor of Philosophy degree may, in many jurisdictions, use the title Doctor or, in non-English-speaking countries, variants such as "Dr. phil." with their name, although the proper etiquette associated with this usage may also be subject to the professional ethics of their own scholarly field, culture, or society. Those who teach at universities or work in academic, educational, or research fields are usually addressed by this title "professionally and socially in a salutation or conversation." Alternatively, holders may use post-nominal letters such as "Ph.D.", "PhD", or "DPhil". It is, however, considered incorrect to use both the title and post-nominals at the same time.

Tudor bonnet Traditional soft-crowned, round-brimmed cap, with a tassel hanging from a cord encircling the puggaree of the hat

A Tudor bonnet is a traditional soft-crowned, round-brimmed cap, with a tassel hanging from a cord encircling the hat. As the name suggests, the Tudor bonnet was popularly worn in England and elsewhere during Tudor times.

Scarlet (color) Color shade of bright red

Scarlet is a brilliant red color, sometimes with a slightly orange tinge. In the spectrum of visible light, and on the traditional color wheel, it is one-quarter of the way between red and orange, slightly less orange than vermilion.

Academic officials

The Chancellor

The chancellor is chosen by the university board of governors and wears a dark blue gown with golden trims along its edges. As chancellor, the arms of the gown have two golden lace stripes which are separated by a split in the centre of the arm which has a golden trim on the edges. on the sides of the gown there are four golden lace stripes same as those on the arms. Each arm of the gown has a golden liver bird and olive branch stripes on the edges of the shoulder. The chancellor wears a dark blue tudor bonnet with gold tassel. The hood is dark blue with a gold trim.

The Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University is the titular head of the university who is appointed on the approval of the board of governors. The duties of the chancellor include the conferring of degrees at graduation ceremonies and being an ambassador for the university both nationally and internationally. As chancellor they may also attend engagements at the university and outside promoting its work and research.

Olive branch symbol of peace or victory

The olive branch is a symbol of peace or victory allegedly deriving from the customs of ancient Greece, particularly regarding supplication to both the gods and persons in power, and is found in most cultures of the Mediterranean basin. It became associated with peace in modern Europe and is also used in the Arab world. Despite claims of Ancient Greek origins, the symbol first appears in Ancient Egypt as a symbol of peace many centuries before appearing in ancient Greek mythology.

The Pro-Chancellor

The gown of the pro-chancellor is dark blue with a gold and white trim on the front edges of the gown. The arms have a white trim on the edges and a gold liver bird printed on both arms. The pro-chancellor wears a dark blue tudor bonnet with a gold tassel.

The Pro-Chancellor of Liverpool John Moores University is an academic officer at the university, acting on behalf of the Chancellor in their absence, or when the office is vacant. As Pro-Chancellor, the holder is also appointed as "Chairman of the Board of Governors" which includes chairing governor meetings and representing the board. The office in its own right is also representative of the university at certain events and engagements. All activities concerning the everyday functioning of the university are conducted by the Vice-Chancellor

The Vice-Chancellor

The vice-chancellor wears a dark blue gown with light blue and gold trims on the front edges going down the gown. Both arms have golden liver birds on them as symbols of the City of Liverpool and a light blue block stripe on the edges of the shoulders. Unlike the chancellor, the vice-chancellor has one golden lace stripe on each arm, separated by a split in the centre of the arm which has a golden trim on the edges. Both sides of the gown have two golden lace pattern bands, same to that on the arms. The vice-chancellor wears a dark blue mortar board with golden tassel and golden trim on the edge were the hat fits on the head.

Related Research Articles

Academic dress of the University of Oxford

The University of Oxford has a long tradition of academic dress, which continues to the present day.

Academic dress of Durham University

The academic dress of Durham University has many similarities with that of other older British universities such as Oxford and Cambridge. Most colleges of Durham University insist on gowns being worn on formal occasions, including matriculation and formal halls (dinners); exceptions are Van Mildert, St Cuthbert's Society, Collingwood, Stephenson, St Aidans, and The College of St Hild and St Bede. Some colleges also insist on their being worn to Junior Common Room meetings, and they are often seen in college chapels. At formal halls, only gowns are worn and doctors normally wear their undress gowns; for more ceremonial occasions full-dress gowns and hoods are worn by graduates. Until 1990, the General Regulations of University 'recommended' the wearing of gowns by members of the University when attending divine service at the Cathedral – but this is now left to individual choice apart from at certain services. Gowns are also customarily worn to meetings of the university Senate by members of that body.

The academic dress prescribed by the University of Bristol is a mixture of that prescribed by Cambridge and Oxford. Bristol has chosen, for graduates, to mainly specify Oxford-style gowns and Cambridge-style hoods. Unlike many British universities, the hood itself is to be "University red", lined with a specified colour. University red is defined to be Pantone 187. Bristol also specifies that undergraduates are to wear gowns "of the approved pattern" in certain circumstances, although the pattern itself is not specified. This is not too important since, in practice, undergraduates are never required to be gowned except when graduating.

Academic dress of the University of Nottingham

In general, the academic dress of the University of Nottingham dates from the award of its Royal Charter in 1948. Prior to this date, University College, Nottingham taught students for University of London examinations and "Nottingham graduates" were actually London graduates and wore the appropriate dress. There was, however, a unique Nottingham undergraduate gown. This still exists but, like equivalent gowns at most other universities, is now very rarely seen.

Academic dress at the University of St Andrews involves students wearing distinctive academic gowns whilst studying at the University of St Andrews. Undergraduate gowns in Scotland were once common at all the ancient universities of Scotland, with each having its own distinctive style. St Andrews undergraduates wear either a scarlet gown if they are part of the United College and studying in the Faculties of Arts, Medicine and Science, or a black gown if they are part of St Mary's College and studying in the Faculty of Divinity.

The academic and official dress of the University of Warwick dates originally from the mid-1960s, shortly after the university's foundation. Despite persistent offers from Charles Franklyn the theatrical costume designer Anthony Powell was commissioned to design robes for officials and graduates of the university. Due to pressure of other work, and some apparent differences of opinion, Powell withdrew from the project, and the robes for graduates subsequently designed in consultation with J. Wippell and Company of Exeter, with Ede and Ravenscroft designing and making the robes for officials.

There are a number of universities in Queensland, Australia, all with distinct academic dress.

The academic dress of the University of Kent is normally only worn at graduation ceremonies. In common with most British universities a graduand begins the ceremony wearing the dress of the degree to which they are being admitted. This is in contrast to the practice at some universities such as Oxford where a graduand only dons the dress of a degree after it has been conferred.

This page describes the different types of academic dress allowed at the University of Exeter. Definitions of the academic dress for the award holders and officials of the University are set out in the University's regulations.

Academic dress of the University of Edinburgh

Academic dress at the University of Edinburgh is compulsory at official ceremonial occasions, such as graduation and the installations of Rector and Chancellor, and otherwise optional, usually only worn for events.

Academic dress of the University of Dublin

Academic dress prescribed at the University of Dublin and its sole constituent college, Trinity College, follows a relatively complex protocol which, nonetheless, shares some particular characteristics with other universities in Ireland and with the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.

The academic dress of the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) are the robes, gowns and hoods prescribed by the Australian university for the administration, faculty, graduates, postgraduates and undergraduates of its Australian and Vietnamese branches. The academic dress of RMIT is described as similar to that of the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom. The current statute of academic dress was approved by the RMIT Council in 1980.

Academic dress of the University of Manchester

Academic dress of the University of Manchester describes the gowns, hoods and headwear which are prescribed by the university for its graduates and officers.

Academic dress in the United Kingdom

The academic dress of the United Kingdom and Ireland has a long history and has influenced the academic dress of America and beyond. The academic square cap was invented in the UK as well as the hood which developed from the lay dress of the medieval period.

Academic dress in the United States

Academic regalia in the United States has a history going back to the colonial colleges era. It has been most influenced by the academic dress traditions of Europe. There is an Inter-Collegiate Code that sets out a detailed uniform scheme of academic regalia that is voluntarily followed by many, though not all institutions entirely adhere to it.

Academic dress of McGill University

The academic dress of McGill University describes the caps, gowns and hoods which are prescribed by the university for its degree candidates/holders. Until the mid-20th century, McGill also prescribed academic dress for its matriculating or enrolled students as well as its faculty. Founded in 1821, McGill University is consistently ranked as one of Canada's preeminent universities, and among the top 20 universities in the world.

The academic dress of the Robert Gordon University is normally only worn at graduation ceremonies and occasionally at other very formal events. In common with most British universities, a graduand of the Robert Gordon University begins the ceremony wearing the dress of the degree to which they are being admitted except for the hood. This is in contrast to the practice at some universities such as Oxford where a graduand only dons the dress of a degree after it has been conferred. The current pattern of academic dress dates from 1992 when the institution became a university.

References

  1. ↑ Jennifer Donnelly. "Academic Dress". Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  2. ↑ Philip Bunker (9 July 2012). "PhD success for automotive engineer". Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 16 October 2012. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
  3. ↑ Jennifer Donnelly. "Academic Dress". Ljmu.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 6 September 2013. Retrieved 9 September 2013.
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