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Academic dress at the University of Edinburgh is compulsory at official ceremonial occasions, such as graduation and the installations of Rector and Chancellor, and otherwise optional, usually only worn for events.
As with the other 'ancient universities' in Scotland, undergraduates at the University of Edinburgh are entitled to wear an undergraduate gown, made of scarlet Russell cord and cut in the London undergraduate shape. [1] In recent times the undergraduate gown has been worn most commonly by members of the Edinburgh University Singers and by students taking part in the traditional festivities surrounding the installation of the Rector.
Graduates wear the gown of the highest degree conferred upon them with or without the appropriate hood, depending upon the occasion.
Male graduands are recommended to appear in black or dark coloured clothes, white collars, and white bow ties. Alternatively, either normal or full day Highland dress may be worn with the appropriate hose. Female graduands are recommended to wear sleeved black or white dresses, or white blouses and dark skirts or trousers.
Graduands for the degree of Doctor of Divinity, Doctor of Laws, Doctor of Medicine, Doctor of Dental Surgery, Doctor of Letters, Doctor of Science, Doctor of Music and Doctor of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery must appear for graduation in a gown of superfine scarlet cloth with loose sleeves.
Graduands for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy appear in a gown of black cloth lined with blue silk shot with brown, bordered with three inches of red silk. All graduands must wear the hood appropriate to the degree which they are about to receive. Academical caps do not form part of the dress of the university, they are not worn or carried by graduands at the graduation ceremony. [2]
Hoods are of black silk (except Music hoods) in the special simple shape.
B.A. Black silk, lined with white silk and bordered with white fur
B.A. (Divinity) Black silk, lined with white silk, edged with white fur with a one-inch purple ribbon on the white silk
B.A. (Religious Studies) Black silk, lined with white silk, bordered with purple poplin three inches broad, and edged with white fur
B.Com. Black silk, lined with pale primrose yellow silk, and edged with white fur
B.D. Black silk, lined with purple silk, and bordered with white fur
BEd Black silk, lined with pale blue silk and bordered with white fur
BEng Black silk, lined with green silk, bordered with red poplin three inches broad and edged with white fur
B.Med.Sci. Black silk, lined with crimson silk, bordered with green poplin three inches broad and edged with white fur
B.Mus. Scarlet silk, with white silk lining, and edged with white fur
B.Nursing Black gown, black hood with white lining bordered with blue and edged with white fur
BSc Black silk, lined with green silk, and bordered with white fur
BSc Soc Sci Black silk, lined with deep turquoise silk, and edged with white fur
BSc Social Work Black silk lined with mauve silk bordered with white fur
BSc Vet Sci Black silk, lined with green silk, and bordered with white fur
BSc Nursing Black silk, lined with deep turquoise silk, edged with white fur with 2-inch-wide (51 mm) ribbon bordered onto the turquoise
BTech Black silk lined with half Pantone Green and half Reflex Blue
B.V.M&S Black silk, lined with maroon silk bordered with golden yellow poplin three inches broad, edged with white fur
Ch.M. Black velvet, lined with golden silk
D.D. Black cloth, with appended cape, lined and faced with purple silk
D.D.S. Black silk, lined with crimson silk, bordered with white silk three inches broad
D.Clin.Psychol Black cloth lined with silver grey silk bordered with deep turquoise silk three inches broad
Dr.hc' Black cloth, lined and faced with oatmeal coloured silk
D.Litt. Black cloth, lined with royal blue silk shot with maize colour
D.Mus. Rich scarlet cloth, lined with rich white corded silk
D.Psychol. Black silk lined with grey silk
D.Sc. Black cloth, lined with green silk
D.Sc Soc Sci Black cloth, lined with deep turquoise silk
D.V.M&S Black silk, lined with maroon silk bordered with golden yellow poplin three inches broad
Ed.D. Black gown with long sleeves with 3-inch red facings down the front. Black hood with blue lining bordered with red
Edinburgh College of Art: Undergraduate degrees: Bachelor of Arts (BA), Bachelor of Architecture (BArch), Master of Arts MA) Black gown, black hood with blue lining, purple lozenge and gold edging
Edinburgh College of Art: Postgraduate Diploma: (PG Dip) Black gown, black hood with blue lining, purple lozenge and red edging
Edinburgh College of Art: Postgraduate Master's degree: (Master of Fine Arts (MFA), Master of Design (Mdes), Master of Science (MSc), Master of Architecture (March), Master of Landscape Architecture (MLA), Master of Philosophy (MPhil)) Black gown, black hood with red lining, purple lozenge and gold edging
Edinburgh College of Art: Doctor of Philosophy: (PhD) Blue gown with gold trim, blue hood with gold lining, purple lozenge and blue edging
LL.B. Black silk, lined with blue silk, and boarded with white fur
LL.D. Black cloth, with appended cape, lined and faced with blue silk
LL.M. Black silk, lined with blue silk
M.A. Black silk, lined with white silk
M.A. (Divinity) Black silk lined with white silk with a 1-inch-wide (25 mm) purple border
M.A. (Religious Studies) Black silk, lined with white silk, bordered with purple poplin three inches broad
MArch Black silk, lined with orange-brown silk
MBA Black silk, lined with pale primrose yellow silk
M.B., Ch.B. Black silk, lined with crimson silk bordered with white fur
M.Chem. Black silk lined with green silk bordered with white silk three inches broad
M.Chem Phys Black silk lined with green silk bordered with white silk three inches broad
M.Chin.Stud. Black silk, lined with white silk bordered with yellow silk three inches broad, and showing three inches of yellow silk at the front of the neckband
M.Clin.Dent Black silk, lined with white silk bordered with red silk three inches broad, and showing three inches of red silk at the front of the neckband
M.D. Black silk, with appended cape, lined and faced with crimson silk
MEd Black silk, lined with pale blue silk
MEng Black silk, lined with green silk, bordered with red poplin three inches broad
MInf Black silk lined with green silk bordered with white silk three inches broad
MLA Black silk, lined with white silk bordered with green poplin three inches broad with one inch centred insert of brown poplin
M.Litt. Black silk lined with royal blue silk shot with maize colour, bordered with ivory poplin three inches broad and showing three inches of royal blue
M.Mus. Scarlet silk, lined with white silk
M.N. Black silk lined with white silk and bordered with deep turquoise three inches broad
M.Phil. Black silk, lined with silver silk, bordered with blue silk shot with brown three inches broad
M.Phys. Black silk lined with green silk bordered with white silk three inches broad
MSc Black silk, lined with white silk bordered with green silk three inches broad, and showing three inches of green silk at the front of the neckband
MSW Black silk lined with mauve silk
M.Teach. Black gown, black hood with white lining bordered with blue
M.Th. Black silk lined with purple silk, bordered with ivory poplin three inches broad and showing three inches of purple silk at the front of the neckband
PGDE/PGCI University green, fully lined with University blue
PhD Black cloth lined with blue silk shot with brown, bordered with three inches of red silk
M.Vet.Sci Black gown, black hood lined with light maroon and bordered with green
UG Certificate/Diploma University Blue, lined with red and bordered with white
PG Certificate/Diploma University Blue, lined with red and bordered with red
Chancellor: Robe of black brocaded satin, trimmed with gold lace and with gold frogs down the fronts and on the sleeves. Black silk velvet trencher, with gold button and tassel.
Vice-Chancellor: Robe and trencher the same as the Chancellor's, but trimmed with silver in place of gold.
Rector: Black silk gown, with crimson silk velvet sleeves; the gown is trimmed round the collar and down the front edges with broad gold lace, and the sleeves round the bottom with narrower gold lace. Black silk velvet trencher, with gold button and tassel. [3]
Principal: Mauve corded silk robe trimmed with velvet to match. Black silk velvet trencher, with gold button and tassel.
Vice-Principal: Maroon silk, facings and yoke of cherry red velvet.
Members of the University Court: Black silk robe, open sleeves, with gold frog on each sleeve.
Academic dress is a traditional form of clothing for academic settings, mainly tertiary education, worn mainly by those who have obtained a university degree, or hold a status that entitles them to assume them. It is also known as academical dress, academicals, and, in the United States, as academic regalia.
The University of Oxford has a long tradition of academic dress, which continues to the present day.
The academic dress of Durham University has many similarities with that of other older British universities such as Oxford and Cambridge. Most colleges of Durham University insist on gowns being worn on formal occasions, including matriculation and formal halls (dinners); exceptions are Van Mildert, St Cuthbert's Society, Collingwood, Stephenson, St Aidans, and The College of St Hild and St Bede. Some colleges also insist on their being worn to Junior Common Room meetings, and they are often seen in college chapels. At formal halls, only gowns are worn and doctors normally wear their undress gowns; for more ceremonial occasions full-dress gowns and hoods are worn by graduates. Until 1990, the General Regulations of university 'recommended' the wearing of gowns by members of the university when attending divine service at the Cathedral – but this is now left to individual choice apart from at certain services. Gowns are also customarily worn to meetings of the university Senate by members of that body.
The University of Cambridge has a long tradition of academic dress, which it traditionally refers to as academical dress. Almost every degree which is awarded by the University has its own distinct gown in addition to having its own hood. Undergraduates wear college gowns, which are all subtly different; these differences enable the wearer's college to be determined. Academic dress is worn quite often in Cambridge on formal, and sometimes informal, occasions, and there are a number of rules and customs governing when and how it is worn. Black gowns (undress) are worn at less formal events, while on special occasions full academical dress is worn, consisting of gown, hood and headdress with Doctors in festal dress. The University's officials also have ancient forms of academic dress, unique to the University.
The academic dress prescribed by the University of Bristol is a mixture of that prescribed by Cambridge and Oxford. Bristol has chosen, for graduates, to mainly specify Oxford-style gowns and Cambridge-style hoods. Unlike many British universities, the hood itself is to be "University red", lined with a specified colour. University red is defined to be Pantone 187. Bristol also specifies that undergraduates are to wear gowns "of the approved pattern" in certain circumstances, although the pattern itself is not specified. This is not too important since, in practice, undergraduates are only required to be gowned when graduating or at dinner as a member of Wills Hall.
Court uniform and dress were required to be worn by those in attendance at the royal court in the 19th and early 20th centuries.
Academic dress at the University of St Andrews involves students wearing distinctive academic gowns whilst studying at the University of St Andrews. Undergraduate gowns in Scotland were once common at all the ancient universities of Scotland, with each having its own distinctive style. St Andrews undergraduates wear either a scarlet gown if they are part of the United College and studying in the Faculties of Arts, Medicine and Science, or a black gown if they are part of St Mary's College and studying in the Faculty of Divinity.
The academic and official dress of the University of Warwick dates originally from the mid-1960s, shortly after the university's foundation. Despite persistent offers from Charles Franklyn the theatrical costume designer Anthony Powell was commissioned to design robes for officials and graduates of the university. Due to pressure of other work, and some apparent differences of opinion, Powell withdrew from the project, and the robes for graduates subsequently designed in consultation with J. Wippell and Company of Exeter, with Ede and Ravenscroft designing and making the robes for officials.
Fashion in the period 1500–1550 in Europe is marked by very thick, big and voluminous clothing worn in an abundance of layers. Contrasting fabrics, slashes, embroidery, applied trims, and other forms of surface ornamentation became prominent. The tall, narrow lines of the late Medieval period were replaced with a wide silhouette, conical for women with breadth at the hips and broadly square for men with width at the shoulders. Sleeves were a center of attention, and were puffed, slashed, cuffed, and turned back to reveal contrasting linings.
Academic dress of the University of London describes the robes, gowns and hoods which are prescribed by the university for its graduates and undergraduates.
As the oldest college in the United States, Harvard University has a long tradition of academic dress. Harvard gown facings bear crow's-feet emblems near the yoke, a symbol unique to Harvard, made from flat braid in colours distinctive of the wearer's qualification or degree. Crow's-feet are double for earned degrees, and triple for honorary degrees.
There are a number of universities in Queensland, Australia, all with distinct academic dress.
The academic dress of the University of Kent is normally only worn at graduation ceremonies. In common with most British universities a graduand begins the ceremony wearing the dress of the degree to which they are being admitted. This is in contrast to the practice at some universities such as Oxford where a graduand only dons the dress of a degree after it has been conferred.
This page describes the different types of academic dress allowed at the University of Exeter. Definitions of the academic dress for the award holders and officials of the university are set out in the university's regulations.
The University of Leeds, like other universities in the United Kingdom and many other countries throughout the world, has its own unique system of academic and ceremonial dress for undergraduates, graduates and senior officials. As at most other universities, graduands will wear the gown, hood and hat appropriate to the degree they are about to receive. All of the graduates' hoods incorporate one or more shades of green, and the Doctors of Philosophy, Education and Clinical Psychology are unique in the UK in having a green full-dress gown.
Academic dress prescribed at the Trinity College Dublin follows a relatively complex protocol which, nonetheless, shares some particular characteristics with other universities in Ireland and with the University of Oxford in the United Kingdom.
Academic dress of the University of Manchester describes the gowns, hoods and headwear which are prescribed by the university for its graduates and officers.
Academic dress at the University of Glasgow is worn at ceremonial events throughout the academic year. This primarily entails graduations, but includes Commemoration Day, church services, and the installation of Chancellors and Rectors of the University. The academic dress of all members of the University of Glasgow, including students, is regulated by the University Regulations. It shares many similarities with the other ancient universities of Scotland, most conspicuously that, unlike in the rest of the United Kingdom, headwear is only very rarely worn. Academic dress has been worn in the University of Glasgow since medieval times.
The academic dress of McGill University describes the caps, gowns and hoods which are prescribed by the university for its degree candidates/holders. Until the mid-20th century, McGill also prescribed academic dress for its matriculating or enrolled students as well as its faculty. Founded in 1821, McGill University is consistently ranked as one of Canada's preeminent universities, and among the top 20 universities in the world.
Academic dress of King's College London describes the robes, gowns, and hoods worn by undergraduates, graduates and associates of King's College London. After being vested the power to award its own degrees from the University of London in 2006, graduates began wearing King's College London academic dress in 2008.
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