Akaki | |
|---|---|
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| Born | June 21, 1840 Skhvitori, Imereti, Georgia (Country) |
| Died | January 26, 1915 (aged 74) |
| Resting place | Mtatsminda Pantheon |
| Occupation | Poet |
| Nationality | Georgian |
| Children | Alexey Tsereteli |
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Count Akaki Tsereteli (Georgian :აკაკი წერეთელი) (1840–1915), often mononymously known as Akaki, [1] was a prominent Georgian poet and national liberation movement figure.
Tsereteli was born in the village of Skhvitori, Imereti region of western Georgia on June 9, 1840, to a prominent Georgian aristocratic family. His father was Prince Rostom Tsereteli, his mother, Princess Ekaterine, a daughter of Ivane Abashidze and a great-granddaughter of King Solomon I of Imereti.
Following an old family tradition, Tsereteli spent his childhood years living with a peasant’s family in the village of Savane. He was brought up by peasant nannies, all of which made him feel empathy for the peasants’ life in Georgia. He graduated from the Kutaisi Classical Gymnasium in 1852 and the University of Saint Petersburg Faculty of Oriental Languages in 1863.
Tsereteli was a close friend of Ilia Chavchavadze, a Georgian progressive intellectual youth leader. The young adult generation of Georgians during the 1860s, led by Chavchavdze and Tsereteli, protested against the Tsarist regime and campaigned for cultural revival and self-determination of the Georgians.
He is an author of hundreds of patriotic, historical, lyrical and satiric poems, also humoristic stories and autobiographic novel. Tsereteli was also active in educational, journalistic and theatrical activities.
The famous Georgian folk song Suliko is based on Tsereteli’s lyrics. He died on January 26, 1915, and was buried at the Mtatsminda Pantheon in Tbilisi. He had a son, Russian opera impresario Alexey Tsereteli. A major boulevard in the city of Tbilisi is named after him, as is one of Tbilisi's metro stations.
Tsereteli is known for his Armenophobia. [2] He attacked Armenians for their perceived mercantilism and portrayed them as a flea sucking Georgian blood in one fable. [3]
Prince Ilia Chavchavadze was a Georgian public figure, journalist, publisher, writer and poet who spearheaded the revival of Georgian nationalism during the second half of the 19th century and ensured the survival of the Georgian language, literature, and culture during the last decades of Tsarist rule. He is Georgia's "most universally revered hero" and is regarded as the "Father of the Nation."
The House of Tsereteli, also known as Tsertelev (Russian), is a noble family in Georgia which gave origin to several notable writers, politicians, scholars, and artists.
Vasil Tsereteli was a distinguished Russian Empire medical doctor, journalist, politician and public benefactor. He was born in the village of Tskhrukveti, in the Chiatura district of Imereti region in Western Georgia, into the family of Prince Giorgi Tsereteli. His brother was Professor Mikheil Tsereteli, a famous Georgian historian and public benefactor. His son Giorgi Tsereteli was a distinguished orientalist, Academician of the Georgian Academy of Sciences, his daughter Tinatin Tsereteli was also a famous scientist (jurist) and a Corresponding Member of the Georgian Academy of Sciences.
For articles related to Georgia, see Category:Georgia (country)
Anastasia Eristavi-Khoshtaria was a Georgian woman novelist.
The Mtatsminda Pantheon of Writers and Public Figures is a necropolis in Tbilisi, Georgia, where some of the most prominent writers, artists, scholars, and national heroes of Georgia are buried. It is located in the churchyard around St David's Church "Mamadaviti" on the slope of Mount Mtatsminda and was officially established in 1929. Atop the mountain is Mtatsminda Park, an amusement park owned by the municipality of Tbilisi.
Besarion Zakarias dze Gabashvili, commonly known by his pen name Besiki, was a Georgian poet, politician and diplomat, known as an author of exquisite love songs and heroic odes as well as for his political and amorous adventures.
Princess Sophia Amirajibi née Argutinskaya-Dolgorukaya (Аргутинская-Долгорукая) was one of the best translators of Georgian poetry into Russian, and the founder of the first children's library in Tbilisi. She was born of the Armeno–Georgian noble family of Argutinsky-Dolgorukov and married to a Georgian nobleman, Lieutenant-General Mikhail Amirajibi. Her translations of Ilia Chavchavadze, Akaki Tsereteli, Vakhtang Orbeliani and many others, noted for their quality and closeness to the originals, were regularly published in the Russian-language press of Tbilisi. Most of her translations were published in a separate volume by Alexander Khakhanov in Moscow in 1909.
Prince Grigol Orbeliani or Jambakur-Orbeliani was a Georgian Romanticist poet and general in Imperial Russian service. One of the most colorful figures in the 19th-century Georgian culture, Orbeliani is noted for his patriotic poetry, lamenting Georgia's lost independence and the deposition of the Royal House of Bagration. At the same time, he spent decades in the Imperial Russian Army, rising to the highest positions in the imperial administration in the Caucasus.
David II, of the Bagrationi dynasty, was King of Imereti from 1784 to 1789 and from 1790 to 1791.
The country of Georgia became part of the Russian Empire in the 19th century. Throughout the early modern period, the Muslim Ottoman and Persian empires had fought over various fragmented Georgian kingdoms and principalities; by the 18th century, Russia emerged as the new imperial power in the region. Since Russia was an Orthodox Christian state like Georgia, the Georgians increasingly sought Russian help. In 1783, Heraclius II of the eastern Georgian kingdom of Kartli-Kakheti forged an alliance with the Russian Empire, whereby the kingdom became a Russian protectorate and abjured any dependence on its suzerain Persia. The Russo-Georgian alliance, however, backfired as Russia was unwilling to fulfill the terms of the treaty, proceeding to annex the troubled kingdom in 1801, and reducing it to the status of a Russian region. In 1810, the western Georgian kingdom of Imereti was annexed as well. Russian rule over Georgia was eventually acknowledged in various peace treaties with Persia and the Ottomans, and the remaining Georgian territories were absorbed by the Russian Empire in a piecemeal fashion in the course of the 19th century.
Gantiadi is a monthly literary magazine published in Georgia. It was founded in 1975 at a time when the Soviet Union was trying to promote Russian and discourage use of other languages, so at first disguised itself as an "almanac". In 2019 the government recognized it as an intangible cultural heritage monument.
Before he became a Bolshevik revolutionary and dictator of the Soviet Union, Joseph Stalin was a promising poet.
Mikheil Kurdiani was a Georgian philologist, linguist, writer, poet and translator. He was a head man of the Rustaveli Society.
Parnaoz was a Georgian prince (batonishvili) of the Bagrationi dynasty, the 14th son of Heraclius II, the penultimate king of Kartli and Kakheti, by his third marriage to Queen Darejan Dadiani. Parnaoz tried to challenge the recently established Imperial Russian rule in Georgia and in 1804 headed an unsuccessful insurrection of the Georgian mountaineers in the course of which he was arrested and deported to Russia. Afterwards, he spent most of his life in St. Petersburg, becoming the first Georgian translator of the 18th-century French philosopher Jean-Jacques Rousseau.
Ivane Abashidze was a Georgian nobleman of the Abashidze family and a claimant to the throne of Imereti during the revolt against the Russian rule in 1820. He was murdered in exile in the Ottoman Empire.
A Woman's Burden is the last novel by Georgian novelist Mikheil Javakhishvili. It was first published in 1936. Mikheil Javakhishvili was tortured and killed after publishing of this novel.
Akaki Bakradze was a Georgian writer, literary critic, art historian, and public figure, who published widely on diverse issues. Among other prominent posts, Bakradze was director of the Rustaveli Theatre from 1973–1980, and in 1988 was appointed artistic director of the Marjanishvili Theatre.
Tergdaleulebi was a cultural, social, literary, and political movement in Georgia. The movement spearheaded the revival of Georgian nationalism during the second half of the 19th century and ensured the survival of the Georgian language, literature, and culture in Russian Georgia.
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