Alkb homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase

ALKBH3
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	2IUW
Identifiers
Aliases	ALKBH3 , ABH3, DEPC-1, DEPC1, PCA1, hABH3, alkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase, alkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase, alkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutarate dependent dioxygenase
External IDs	OMIM: 610603 MGI: 1916363 HomoloGene: 16393 GeneCards: ALKBH3
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 11 (human)
End	43,920,274 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 2 (mouse)
End	93,841,152 bp
RNA expression pattern
	Top expressed in
	right uterine tube; ; Achilles tendon; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; stromal cell of endometrium; ; islet of Langerhans; ; body of pancreas; ; tibial nerve; ; skin of abdomen; ; left uterine tube; ; minor salivary gland;
	Top expressed in
	interventricular septum; ; seminiferous tubule; ; gastrocnemius muscle; ; soleus muscle; ; triceps brachii muscle; ; skeletal muscle tissue; ; vastus lateralis muscle; ; knee joint; ; digastric muscle; ; brown adipose tissue;
	More reference expression data
	n/a
Gene ontology
Molecular function	protein binding ; L-ascorbic acid binding ; dioxygenase activity ; metal ion binding ; DNA-N1-methyladenine dioxygenase activity ; oxidoreductase activity ; ferrous iron binding ; mRNA N1-methyladenosine dioxygenase activity ; 2-oxoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase activity ; cytosine C-5 DNA demethylase activity ;
Cellular component	nucleus ; mitochondrion ; nucleoplasm ; cytoplasm ; cytosol ;
Biological process	cell population proliferation ; cellular response to DNA damage stimulus ; DNA dealkylation involved in DNA repair ; oxidative single-stranded DNA demethylation ; oxidative single-stranded RNA demethylation ; DNA repair ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	221120
	69113
	ENSG00000166199
	ENSMUSG00000040174
	Q96Q83
	Q8K1E6
	NM_139178
	NM_026944
	NP_631917
	NP_081220
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated January 26, 2024

AlkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALKBH3 gene. ^[5]

Function

The Escherichia coli AlkB protein protects against the cytotoxicity of methylating agents by repair of the specific DNA lesions generated in single-stranded DNA. ALKBH2 (MIM 610602) and ALKBH3 are E. coli AlkB homologs that catalyze the removal of 1-methyladenine and 3-methylcytosine (Duncan et al., 2002 [PubMed 12486230]).

Related Research Articles

DNA glycosylases are a family of enzymes involved in base excision repair, classified under EC number EC 3.2.2. Base excision repair is the mechanism by which damaged bases in DNA are removed and replaced. DNA glycosylases catalyze the first step of this process. They remove the damaged nitrogenous base while leaving the sugar-phosphate backbone intact, creating an apurinic/apyrimidinic site, commonly referred to as an AP site. This is accomplished by flipping the damaged base out of the double helix followed by cleavage of the N-glycosidic bond.

Mothers against decapentaplegic homolog 3 also known as SMAD family member 3 or SMAD3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SMAD3 gene.

AlkB (Alkylation B) is a protein found in E. coli, induced during an adaptive response and involved in the direct reversal of alkylation damage. AlkB specifically removes alkylation damage to single stranded (SS) DNA caused by S_N2 type of chemical agents. It efficiently removes methyl groups from 1-methyl adenines, 3-methyl cytosines in SS DNA. AlkB is an alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent hydroxylase, a superfamily non-haem iron-containing proteins. It oxidatively demethylates the DNA substrate. Demethylation by AlkB is accompanied with release of CO₂, succinate, and formaldehyde.

UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog A is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD23A gene.

UV excision repair protein RAD23 homolog B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD23B gene.

Cyclin-O is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CCNO gene.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">MSH3</span> Protein-coding gene in the species Homo sapiens

DNA mismatch repair protein, MutS Homolog 3 (MSH3) is a human homologue of the bacterial mismatch repair protein MutS that participates in the mismatch repair (MMR) system. MSH3 typically forms the heterodimer MutSβ with MSH2 in order to correct long insertion/deletion loops and base-base mispairs in microsatellites during DNA synthesis. Deficient capacity for MMR is found in approximately 15% of colorectal cancers, and somatic mutations in the MSH3 gene can be found in nearly 50% of MMR-deficient colorectal cancers.

Paired box gene 4, also known as PAX4, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the PAX4 gene.

DnaJ homolog subfamily A member 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJA1 gene.

DnaJ homolog subfamily B member 6 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DNAJB6 gene.

DNA repair and recombination protein RAD54-like is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RAD54L gene.

Disks large-associated protein 5 (DAP-5) also known as discs large homolog 7 (DLG7) or hepatoma up-regulated protein (HURP) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the DLGAP5 gene.

Dachshund homolog 1, also known as DACH1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the DACH1 gene. DACH1 has been shown to interact with Ubc9, Smad4, and NCoR.

PMS1 protein homolog 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the PMS1 gene.

Anterior gradient protein 2 homolog (AGR-2), also known as secreted cement gland protein XAG-2 homolog, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGR2 gene. Anterior gradient homolog 2 was originally discovered in Xenopus laevis. In Xenopus AGR2 plays a role in cement gland differentiation, but in human cancer cell lines high levels of AGR2 correlate with downregulation of the p53 response, cell migration, and cell transformation. However, there have been other observations that AGR2 can repress growth and proliferation.

Single-strand selective monofunctional uracil DNA glycosylase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the SMUG1 gene. SMUG1 is a glycosylase that removes uracil from single- and double-stranded DNA in nuclear chromatin, thus contributing to base excision repair.

DNA mismatch repair protein Mlh3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MLH3 gene.

Condensin complex subunit 2 also known as chromosome-associated protein H (CAP-H) or non-SMC condensin I complex subunit H (NCAPH) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the NCAPH gene. CAP-H is a subunit of condensin I, a large protein complex involved in chromosome condensation. Abnormal expression of NCAPH may be linked to various types of carcinogenesis as a prognostic indicator.

RNA demethylase ALKBH5 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALKBH5 gene.

AlkB homolog 1, histone H2A dioxygenase is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ALKBH1 gene.

References

1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166199 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040174 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Entrez Gene: AlkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase" . Retrieved 2017-03-04.

Sundheim O, Vågbø CB, Bjørås M, Sousa MM, Talstad V, Aas PA, Drabløs F, Krokan HE, Tainer JA, Slupphaug G (2006). "Human ABH3 structure and key residues for oxidative demethylation to reverse DNA/RNA damage". EMBO J. 25 (14): 3389–97. doi:10.1038/sj.emboj.7601219. PMC 1523172 . PMID 16858410.
Liu BQ, Wu YD, Li PH, Wei JX, Zhang T, Liu RL (2007). "Prostate cancer antigen-1 as a potential novel marker for prostate cancer". Asian J. Androl. 9 (6): 821–6. doi: 10.1111/j.1745-7262.2007.00279.x . PMID 17968469.
Monsen VT, Sundheim O, Aas PA, Westbye MP, Sousa MM, Slupphaug G, Krokan HE (2010). "Divergent ß-hairpins determine double-strand versus single-strand substrate recognition of human AlkB-homologues 2 and 3". Nucleic Acids Res. 38 (19): 6447–55. doi:10.1093/nar/gkq518. PMC 2965238 . PMID 20525795.
Chen B, Liu H, Sun X, Yang CG (2010). "Mechanistic insight into the recognition of single-stranded and double-stranded DNA substrates by ABH2 and ABH3". Mol Biosyst. 6 (11): 2143–9. doi:10.1039/c005148a. PMID 20714506.
Malki K, Uher R, Paya-Cano J, Binder E, Rietschel M, Zobel A, Mors O, Hauser J, Henigsberg N, Jerman B, Souery D, Placentino A, Ng MY, Cohen-Woods S, Sluyter F, Farmer A, Aitchison KJ, Craig IW, Lewis CM, McGuffin P, Schalkwyk LC (2011). "Convergent animal and human evidence suggests a role of PPM1A gene in response to antidepressants". Biol. Psychiatry. 69 (4): 360–5. doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2010.08.011. PMID 20970119. S2CID 41571515.
Tasaki M, Shimada K, Kimura H, Tsujikawa K, Konishi N (2011). "ALKBH3, a human AlkB homologue, contributes to cell survival in human non-small-cell lung cancer". Br. J. Cancer. 104 (4): 700–6. doi:10.1038/sj.bjc.6606012. PMC 3049579 . PMID 21285982.
Dango S, Mosammaparast N, Sowa ME, Xiong LJ, Wu F, Park K, Rubin M, Gygi S, Harper JW, Shi Y (2011). "DNA unwinding by ASCC3 helicase is coupled to ALKBH3-dependent DNA alkylation repair and cancer cell proliferation". Mol. Cell. 44 (3): 373–84. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2011.08.039. PMC 3258846 . PMID 22055184.
Koike K, Ueda Y, Hase H, Kitae K, Fusamae Y, Masai S, Inagaki T, Saigo Y, Hirasawa S, Nakajima K, Ohshio I, Makino Y, Konishi N, Yamamoto H, Tsujikawa K (2012). "anti-tumor effect of AlkB homolog 3 knockdown in hormone- independent prostate cancer cells". Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 12 (7): 847–56. doi:10.2174/156800912802429283. PMID 22515525.
Yamato I, Sho M, Shimada K, Hotta K, Ueda Y, Yasuda S, Shigi N, Konishi N, Tsujikawa K, Nakajima Y (2012). "PCA-1/ALKBH3 contributes to pancreatic cancer by supporting apoptotic resistance and angiogenesis". Cancer Res. 72 (18): 4829–39. doi:10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-12-0328. PMID 22826605. S2CID 134935.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000166199 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000040174 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[entrez-5] "Entrez Gene: AlkB homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase" . Retrieved 2017-03-04.

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Alkb homolog 3, alpha-ketoglutaratedependent dioxygenase

Contents

Function

Related Research Articles

References

Further reading