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Am Timan (Arabic: أم تيمان, ʾUmm Tīmān) is a city in Chad and is the capital of the region of Salamat. Most of economy comes from Salamat region such as fish, vegetables and anomalies meat, etc. In Arabic, Am Timan means "mother of twins". As the capital of the prefecture, it has the area of many towns and villages around it, including the Zakouma National Park. The city has no university but there are schools and colleges, and a clinic, and hosts a large market day and holiday celebrations.
During the conflict period, [ clarification needed ] a cotton plantation and processing plant just outside the city were destroyed. The city's sand airport was upgraded by the French Foreign Legion in 1971 to allow military air transports to supply the anti-rebel effort. At the time, the only practical way in or out of the city was by air.
Since the dry season lasts for about seven months of the year, water becomes a problem as the dry season progresses. Aquifers are accessed by digging deeper and deeper into the bed of the Bahr Salamat (river). The river starts flowing with the onset of rain, however, and the children enjoy swimming in it.
On 23 October 2006, the city was claimed to be captured by Union of Forces for Democracy, the main Chadian rebel group. The government of Chad disputed this claim. [1]
Climate data for Am Timan | |||||||||||||
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Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Average precipitation mm (inches) | 0.0 (0.0) | 0.0 (0.0) | 5.1 (0.20) | 16.2 (0.64) | 51.6 (2.03) | 117.8 (4.64) | 202.7 (7.98) | 248.5 (9.78) | 121.1 (4.77) | 33.1 (1.30) | 1.6 (0.06) | 0.0 (0.0) | 797.7 (31.4) |
Average relative humidity (%) | 29 | 24 | 27 | 37 | 50 | 64 | 75 | 80 | 78 | 68 | 47 | 35 | 51 |
Mean monthly sunshine hours | 297.6 | 274.4 | 285.2 | 276 | 275.9 | 249 | 207.7 | 204.6 | 222 | 275.9 | 288 | 300.7 | 3,157 |
Mean daily sunshine hours | 9.6 | 9.8 | 9.2 | 9.2 | 8.9 | 8.3 | 6.7 | 6.6 | 7.4 | 8.9 | 9.6 | 9.7 | 8.7 |
Source: NOAA [2] |
Year | Population [3] |
---|---|
1993 | 21 269 |
2008 | 30 443 |
In 2018, a lay first responder (LFR) program was launched to provide prehospital emergency medical services for residents. [4] It was created by international collaborators from LFR International, Washington University in St. Louis, Red Cross of Chad, and the University of Michigan Medical School by training local motorcycle taxi drivers to provide first aid and transport. [5]
Emergency medical services (EMS), also known as ambulance services or paramedic services, are emergency services that provide urgent pre-hospital treatment and stabilisation for serious illness and injuries and transport to definitive care. They may also be known as a first aid squad, FAST squad, emergency squad, ambulance squad, ambulance corps, life squad or by other initialisms such as EMAS or EMARS.
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In the United States, the paramedic is an allied health professional whose primary focus is to provide advanced emergency medical care for patients who access Emergency Medical Services (EMS). This individual possesses the complex knowledge and skills necessary to provide patient care and transportation. Paramedics function as part of a comprehensive EMS response under physician medical direction. Paramedics often serve in a prehospital role, responding to Public safety answering point (9-1-1) calls in an ambulance. The paramedic serves as the initial entry point into the health care system. A standard requirement for state licensure involves successful completion of a nationally accredited Paramedic program at the certificate or associate degree level.
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LFR International is an American international nonprofit organization focused on prehospital emergency medical research and emergency medical services development in sub-Saharan Africa. LFR launches sustainable prehospital emergency care programs in resource-limited settings of low-income countries without formal emergency medical services by collaborating with local governments and stakeholders to train lay first responders.
The Lay First Responder Model, or LFR Model, uses motorcycle taxi drivers trained as first responders to provide basic prehospital emergency care in resource-limited settings of low- and middle-income countries. First published in the World Journal of Surgery in 2018, it was initially demonstrated in Uganda in 2016. Since its creation, the lay first responder model has also been deployed across Chad and Sierra Leone.
The Prehospital Immediate Care and Trauma (PICT) Team is a prehospital care team which operates from Raigmore Hospital emergency department in Inverness, Scotland. It receives funding from NHS Highland and the Scottish Trauma Network and initially from BASICS Scotland.
Peter G. Delaney is the Executive Director of LFR International and a road safety researcher responsible for the Lay First Responder Model of emergency medical services development in resource-limited countries, awarded the Prince Michael International Road Safety Award in 2020.
Zachary J. Eisner is the Operations Director of LFR International known for his work on the Lay First Responder Model, which received the Prince Michael International Road Safety Award in 2020.
WMO Station Number: 64754