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Thiomargarita namibiensis is a Gram-negative coccoid bacterium, found in the ocean sediments of the continental shelf of Namibia. It is the second largest bacterium ever discovered, as a rule 0.1–0.3 mm (100–300 μm) in diameter, but sometimes attaining 0.75 mm (750 μm). Cells of Thiomargarita namibiensis are large enough to be visible to the naked eye. Although the species held the record for the largest known bacterium, Epulopiscium fishelsoni – previously discovered in the gut of surgeonfish – grows slightly longer, but narrower.
The seabed is the bottom of the ocean. All floors of the ocean are known as 'seabeds'.
Desulfobacterales are an order of sulfate-reducing bacteria within the phylum Thermodesulfobacteria. The order contains three families; Desulfobacteraceae, Desulfobulbaceae, and Nitrospinaceae. The bacterium in this order are strict anaerobic respirators, using sulfate or nitrate as the terminal electron acceptor instead of oxygen. Desulfobacterales can degrade ethanol, molecular hydrogen, organic acids, and small hydrocarbons. The bacterium of this order have a wide ecological range and play important environmental roles in symbiotic relationships and nutrient cycling.
A submarine canyon is a steep-sided valley cut into the seabed of the continental slope, sometimes extending well onto the continental shelf, having nearly vertical walls, and occasionally having canyon wall heights of up to 5 km, from canyon floor to canyon rim, as with the Great Bahama Canyon. Just as above-sea-level canyons serve as channels for the flow of water across land, submarine canyons serve as channels for the flow of turbidity currents across the seafloor. Turbidity currents are flows of dense, sediment laden waters that are supplied by rivers, or generated on the seabed by storms, submarine landslides, earthquakes, and other soil disturbances. Turbidity currents travel down slope at great speed, eroding the continental slope and finally depositing sediment onto the abyssal plain, where the particles settle out.
Brevibacillus brevis is a Gram-positive, aerobic, motile, spore-forming, rod-shaped bacterium commonly found in soil, air, water, and decaying matter. It is rarely associated with infectious diseases. The antibiotics gramicidin and tyrocidine were first isolated from it.
Marine sediment, or ocean sediment, or seafloor sediment, are deposits of insoluble particles that have accumulated on the seafloor. These particles have their origins in soil and rocks and have been transported from the land to the sea, mainly by rivers but also by dust carried by wind and by the flow of glaciers into the sea. Additional deposits come from marine organisms and chemical precipitation in seawater, as well as from underwater volcanoes and meteorite debris.
The Southern Pacific Gyre is part of the Earth's system of rotating ocean currents, bounded by the Equator to the north, Australia to the west, the Antarctic Circumpolar Current to the south, and South America to the east. The center of the South Pacific Gyre is the oceanic pole of inaccessibility, the site on Earth farthest from any continents and productive ocean regions and is regarded as Earth's largest oceanic desert. With an area of 37 million square kilometres it makes up ~10 % of the Earth's ocean surface. The gyre, as with Earth's other four gyres, contains an area with elevated concentrations of pelagic plastics, chemical sludge, and other debris known as the South Pacific garbage patch.
Nocardioides pacificus is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Nocardioides which has been isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediments from the South Pacific Gyre.
Marinifilaceae is a family in the order Marinilabiliales.
Brevundimonas denitrificans is a Gram-negative, aerobic, heterotrophic and denitrifying bacterium from the genus of Brevundimonas which has been isolated from deep seafloor sediments from Japan.
Sunxiuqinia dokdonensis is a facultatively anaerobic bacterium from the genus of Sunxiuqinia which has been isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediments from the Dokdo Island.
Marinilactibacillus piezotolerans is a Gram-positive, piezotolerant, non-spore-forming, rod-shaped and non-motile bacterium from the genus Marinilactibacillus which has been isolated from deep sub-seafloor sediments from Nankai Trough.
The Temperatibacteraceae are a family of bacteria.
Aneurinibacillus danicus is a bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus.
Aneurinibacillus humi is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, aerobic and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus which has been isoladed from soil from Mykhailyky in the Ukraine.
Aneurinibacillus migulanus is a bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus. Aneurinibacillus migulanus produces the antibiotic Gramicidin S. Genome size of Aneurinibacillus migulanus strain TP115 is 5,556,554 bp.
Aneurinibacillus sediminis is a Gram-positive, spore-forming, obligately aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus which has been isolated from sediments of a lagoon.
Aneurinibacillus soli is a Gram-positive, aerobic, rod-shaped and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus which has been isolated from soil from the mountain Hallasan.
Aneurinibacillus terranovensis is a thermoacidophilic and motile bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus.
Aneurinibacillus thermoaerophilus is a bacterium from the genus of Aneurinibacillus.
References
- 1 2 "Species: Aneurinibacillus tyrosinisolvens". LPSN.DSMZ.de.
- 1 2 Tsubouchi, Taishi; Mori, Kozue; Miyamoto, Norio; Fujiwara, Yoshihiro; Kawato, Masaru; Shimane, Yasuhiro; Usui, Keiko; Tokuda, Maki; Uemura, Moeka; Tame, Akihiro; Uematsu, Katsuyuki; Maruyama, Tadashi; Hatada, Yuji (1 June 2015). "Aneurinibacillus tyrosinisolvens sp. nov., a tyrosine-dissolving bacterium isolated from organics- and methane-rich seafloor sediment". International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology. 65 (Pt_6): 1999–2005. doi: 10.1099/ijs.0.000213 . PMID 25813364.
- ↑ "Aneurinibacillus tyrosinisolvens". www.uniprot.org.
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