This article provides information on animal production and consumption in Switzerland.
Animal production in Switzerland covers livestock numbers (cattle, pigs, poultry, sheep), egg and milk production, and animals slaughtered for meat production.
Animal consumption in Switzerland refers to all animal products, whether locally produced or imported, consumed in Switzerland.
In 2012, the number of livestock in Switzerland was as follows: [1]
Livestock density is high in Switzerland. It is more than double the average livestock density in the European Union. There are 1.7 livestock units per ha of usable agricultural area in Switzerland, compared with 0.7 in the EU, 3.6 in the Netherlands, 1.9 in Denmark, 1.1 in Germany, 0.9 in Austria, 0.8 in France and Italy. [2]
In 2012, according to the Swiss meat trade association Proviande coopérative, 61,020,200 livestock were slaughtered in Switzerland, distributed as follows: [3]
1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2012 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red deer | 11,880 | 20,468 | 21,195 | 23,402 | 28,504 | 30,349 |
Deer | 92,585 | 102,140 | 117,203 | 128,133 | 112,734 | 115,289 |
Chamois | 53,360 | 63,965 | 94,447 | 89,535 | 91,334 | 91,856 |
Alpine Ibex | (1973) 7,088 | 10,206 | 14,451 | 13,785 | 15,552 | 16,645 |
In 2014, Switzerland had 29,864 people authorized to hunt, including 1,337 novice hunters in training. Of these, 14,493 hunters held a hunting license for big game and 10,415 a license for small game. Hunting is controlled by 173 permanent game wardens and 1,507 auxiliaries.
Hunting chart [4]
1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2014 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red deer | 1611 | 4097 | 6241 | 6997 | 9016 | 10715 |
Deer | 26111 | 43958 | 37239 | 42210 | 39664 | 40575 |
Chamois | 10821 | 14818 | 17976 | 16511 | 13319 | 12129 |
Wild boar | 60 | 534 | 1496 | 3939 | 6878 | 5802 |
Alpine ibex (protected) | 0 | (1981) 471 | 1068 | 923 | 1074 | 1054 |
1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2014 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Red fox | 19950 | 13869 | 33174 | 39208 | 28224 | 24093 |
Badger | 1563 | 950 | 1812 | 2465 | 2764 | 2483 |
Weasel | 1495 | 2897 | 3163 | 2645 | 1407 | 1217 |
Pine marten | 590 | 371 | 192 | 148 | 127 | 138 |
1970 | 1980 | 1990 | 2000 | 2010 | 2014 | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Brown hare | 20097 | 14597 | 5618 | 2584 | 2398 | 1740 |
Variable hare | 2355 | 1865 | 1526 | 1175 | 1335 | 1181 |
Wild rabbit | 591 | 663 | 403 | 28 | 6 | 0 |
Alpine marmot | 9833 | 8456 | 7015 | 7720 | 7884 | 6445 |
Hallauer Schinkenwurst, cooked and smoked sausage, mainly eaten in slices. Hallau and Canton Schaffhausen, Zurich conurbation
A sausage is a type of meat product usually made from ground meat—often pork, beef, or poultry—along with salt, spices and other flavourings. Other ingredients, such as grains or breadcrumbs, may be included as fillers or extenders.
Braunschweiger is a type of sausage. The type of sausage the term refers to varies by region. In the German language, Braunschweiger is the demonym for people from Brunswick, but under German food law refers to a variety of mettwurst. In Austria, Braunschweiger is known as a type of parboiled sausage (Brühwurst), while American Braunschweiger is often confused with liverwurst.
Austrian cuisine consists of many different local or regional cuisines. In addition to Viennese cuisine, which is predominantly based on the cooking traditions of the Habsburg Empire, there are independent regional traditions in all the states of Austria.
Swiss cuisine is an ensemble of national, regional and local dishes, consisting of the ingredients, recipes and cooking techniques developed in Switzerland or assimilated from other cultures, particularly neighboring countries. The diversity and comprehensiveness of Swiss gastronomy reflects the linguistic, cultural and geographical diversity. The climate of Switzerland allows for a large variety of terroirs, and therefore a wide range of indigenous food, from simple cereals to refined products like cheese and wine.
Romanian cuisine is a diverse blend of different dishes from several traditions with which it has come into contact, but it also maintains its own character. It has been influenced mainly by Turkish but also a series of European cuisines in particular from the Balkan Peninsula and Hungarian cuisine as well as culinary elements stemming from the cuisines of Central Europe.
Cervelat, also cervelas, servelat or zervelat, is a sausage produced in Switzerland, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and parts of Germany. The recipe and preparation of the sausage vary regionally.
Charcuterie is a branch of French cuisine devoted to prepared meat products, such as bacon, ham, sausage, terrines, galantines, ballotines, pâtés, and confit, primarily from pork.
Czech cuisine has both influenced and been influenced by the cuisines of surrounding countries and nations. Many of the cakes and pastries that are popular in Central Europe originated within the Czech lands. Contemporary Czech cuisine is more meat-based than in previous periods; the current abundance of farmable meat has enriched its presence in regional cuisine. Traditionally, meat has been reserved for once-weekly consumption, typically on weekends.
Dried meat is a feature of many cuisines around the world. Examples include:
Rookworst or Gelderse rookworst is a type of Dutch sausage in which ground meat is mixed with spices and salt and stuffed into a casing. Having the shape of a Bologna sausage, it is common in the Netherlands and is also exported to Great Britain. The basis for Gelderse rookworst is metworst, or lean pork. Traditionally, rookworst is made with pork, stuffed in a small pig intestine and smoked over smouldering oak- and beechwood chips. This traditional rookworst is usually sold in butcher shops.
Curing is any of various food preservation and flavoring processes of foods such as meat, fish and vegetables, by the addition of salt, with the aim of drawing moisture out of the food by the process of osmosis. Because curing increases the solute concentration in the food and hence decreases its water potential, the food becomes inhospitable for the microbe growth that causes food spoilage. Curing can be traced back to antiquity, and was the primary method of preserving meat and fish until the late 19th century. Dehydration was the earliest form of food curing. Many curing processes also involve smoking, spicing, cooking, or the addition of combinations of sugar, nitrate, and nitrite.
Hungarian sausages are sausages found in the cuisine of Hungary. Hungary produces a vast number of sui sausage types. They may be boiled, fresh or dried, and smoked, with different spices and flavors, "hot" or "mild". Many were influenced by their neighbors and brethren.
Pork is the culinary name for the meat of the pig. It is the most commonly consumed meat worldwide, with evidence of pig husbandry dating back to 5000 BCE.
The St. Galler Bratwurst, also known as the Olma Bratwurst after OLMA is a sausage produced in Northeastern Switzerland. It is partly made with veal and has a white color. It is named after the city of St. Gallen.
Sausages and cured meats are widely consumed in Switzerland. Meat in general is consumed on a daily basis, pork being particularly ubiquitous in Swiss cuisine. Preserving meat by smoking it or by adding salt has been done for millennia in Switzerland.
Salsiz is a raw sausage originating in the Grisons. It is an air-dried or smoked sausage and it is produced in many different variants. It distinguishes itself from most other sausages by its rectangular profile.