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Beetles are a group of insects that form the order Coleoptera, in the superorder Endopterygota. Their front pair of wings are hardened into wing-cases, elytra, distinguishing them from most other insects. The Coleoptera, with about 400,000 species, is the largest of all orders, constituting almost 40% of described insects and 25% of all known animal life-forms; new species are discovered frequently. The largest of all families, the Curculionidae (weevils), with some 83,000 member species, belongs to this order. Found in almost every habitat except the sea and the polar regions, they interact with their ecosystems in several ways: beetles often feed on plants and fungi, break down animal and plant debris, and eat other invertebrates. Some species are serious agricultural pests, such as the Colorado potato beetle, while others such as Coccinellidae eat aphids, scale insects, thrips, and other plant-sucking insects that damage crops.
Dung beetles are beetles that feed on feces. Some species of dung beetles can bury dung 250 times their own mass in one night.
Trogidae, sometimes called hide beetles, is a family of beetles with a distinctive warty or bumpy appearance. Found worldwide, the family includes about 300 species contained in four or five genera.
The Hercules beetle is a species of rhinoceros beetle native to the rainforests of Central America, South America, and the Lesser Antilles. It is the longest extant species of beetle in the world, and is also one of the largest flying insects in the world.
Scarabaeus sacer, common name sacred scarab, is a species of dung beetle belonging to the family Scarabaeidae.
Scelophysa trimeni, commonly known as the blue monkey beetle, is a species of scarab beetles in the monkey beetle subfamily Rutelinae.
Termitotrox cupido is a species of scarab beetle in the subfamily Termitotroginae. It was first described by Munetoshi Maruyama in 2012, having been discovered living inside a nest of the termite Hypotermes makhamensis in Cambodia. It is a tiny, blind and flightless insect.
Trichostetha is a genus of beetle in the scarab beetle family. It is endemic to southern Africa, and its species most commonly occur in mountainous terrain. The genus includes several species that have only recently been described, as well as many species lacking a description of any of the larval stages. Except for T. fascicularis and its subspecies, the species comprising Trichostetha have small ranges of distribution, frequently in the Cape Floral Region of South Africa.
Euphoria herbacea is a species of scarab beetle in Cetoniinae subfamily. It is 15–16 millimetres (0.59–0.63 in) long and is olive-green in color. It is endemic to the United States, especially to the Mississippi River.
Trichiotinus is a genus of fruit and flower chafers in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about 8 described species in Trichiotinus, all native to the New World.
Rutelini is a tribe of shining leaf chafers in the family Scarabaeidae. There are about 14 genera and at least 40 described species in Rutelini.
Adoretus bicaudatus, is a species of shining leaf chafer found in India and Sri Lanka.
Onthophagus unifasciatus, is a species of true dung beetle native to India and Sri Lanka.
Adoretus versutus, commonly known as Rose beetle, is a species of shining leaf chafer found in Afro-Oriental tropics.
Apogonia ferruginea, is a species of dung beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Holotrichia reynaudi, is a species of dung beetle found in South India and Sri Lanka.
Holotrichia rufoflava, is a species of dung beetle found in South India and Sri Lanka.
Schizonycha ruficollis, is a species of dung beetle found in India and Sri Lanka.
Liothorax kraatzi, is a species of dung beetle with a widespread distribution from Southeastern Europe, Asia Minor, to Caucasus, and Central Asia.
Anthracophora crucifera, commonly known as Bark beetle, is a species of dung beetle found in India, and Sri Lanka.
References
- ↑ "Species diversity and relative abundance of scarab beetle fauna in Assam, northeast India" (PDF). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(1): 711-716. Retrieved 2021-07-10.
- ↑ Gautam, Handique (2016). "Molecular Characterization and Physiological Aspects of Lepidiota mansueta Burmeister (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae)" . Retrieved 2021-07-11.
- ↑ "Apogonia reticulata Frey, 1969 – a new and surprising junior subjective synonym for A. cribricollis Burmeister, 1855 (Coleoptera: Scarabaeidae: Melolonthinae: Diplotaxini)". Acta Musei Moraviae, Scientiae biologicae (Brno) 98(1): 85–97, 2013. Retrieved 2021-07-10.
- ↑ Das, Mrinmoy; Bhattacharyya, Badal; Pujari, D.; Handique, Gautam (2016). "Faunal Composition of Scarab Beetles and Their Hosts in Assam". In Chakravarthy, Akshay Kumar; Sridhara, Shakunthala (eds.). Arthropod Diversity and Conservation in the Tropics and Sub-tropics. Springer Singapore. pp. 335–344. doi:10.1007/978-981-10-1518-2_21. ISBN 978-981-10-1517-5 . Retrieved 2021-07-11.
- ↑ "Record of Leaf Chafer Beetles Adoretus versutus Harold and Apogonia blanchardi Ritsema on Cocoa (Theobroma cacao L.) in Andhra Pradesh" (PDF). Insect Environment, Vol.16 (1), April–June 2010. Retrieved 2021-07-10.
- ↑ "Diversity of insect species along with their host in Assam Agricultural University, Jorhat" (PDF). Journal of Entomology and Zoology Studies 2017; 5(6): 2307-2312. Retrieved 2021-07-10.