portrait by Ingres
Auguste Nicolas Caristie (6 December 1783, Avallon - 5 December 1862, Paris) was a French architect. He is best known for his restorations of public monuments.
Auguste Nicolas Caristie (6 December 1783, Avallon - 5 December 1862, Paris) was a French architect. He is best known for his restorations of public monuments.
He was part of a long line of architects; originally from Italy. His father, Jacques-Nicolas Caristie (1747-1817), and his granduncle, Michel-Ange Caristie (1689-1760), were both well-known architects in Avallon. After studying with his father, he went to Paris, where he studied in the workshops of Antoine Vaudoyer and Charles Percier.
In 1813, his plans for a city hall won him the Prix de Rome. His stay in Italy would last for seven years. While there, he studied the restorative work being done in Pozzuoli, on what was then believed to be the Temple of Serapis, but has since been identified as the macellum (marketplace).
His first major project after returning to France came in 1823, when the Restoration government commissioned him to restore the Triumphal Arch of Orange. When this was completed, he began work on the restoration of the Roman Theatre of Orange. [1]
This was followed by another government commission, for a mausoleum to honor the counter-revolutionary soldiers who were killed at the Battle of Quiberon. This led to his appointment as Inspector-General of public buildings in 1829. Later, he served as vice-president of the Commission of Historic Monuments.
He was elected to the Académie des Beaux-Arts in 1840 and took Seat #4 for architecture, succeeding Jean-Nicolas Huyot. His last major project was restoring the chapel at the Château d'Anet, in which he was occupied from 1844 to 1851. He was elected Conseil Général for the Département of the Seine in 1860.
His older brother, Philippe Joseph Marie Caristie , a chief engineer for roads and bridges, participated in the Egyptian campaigns of Napoleon.
The Beaux-Arts de Paris is a French grande école whose primary mission is to provide high-level arts education and training. This is classical and historical School of Fine Arts in France. The art school, which is part of the Paris Sciences et Lettres University, is located on two sites: Saint-Germain-des-Prés in Paris, and Saint-Ouen.
Paul Abadie was a French architect and building restorer. He is considered a central representative of French historicism. He was the son of architect Paul Abadie Sr.
Victor Baltard was a French architect famed for work in Paris including designing Les Halles market and the Saint-Augustin church.
Claude-Nicolas Ledoux was one of the earliest exponents of French Neoclassical architecture. He used his knowledge of architectural theory to design not only domestic architecture but also town planning; as a consequence of his visionary plan for the Ideal City of Chaux, he became known as a utopian. His greatest works were funded by the French monarchy and came to be perceived as symbols of the Ancien Régime rather than Utopia. The French Revolution hampered his career; much of his work was destroyed in the nineteenth century. In 1804, he published a collection of his designs under the title L'Architecture considérée sous le rapport de l'art, des mœurs et de la législation. In this book he took the opportunity of revising his earlier designs, making them more rigorously neoclassical and up to date. This revision has distorted an accurate assessment of his role in the evolution of Neoclassical architecture. His most ambitious work was the uncompleted Royal Saltworks at Arc-et-Senans, an idealistic and visionary town showing many examples of architecture parlante. Conversely his works and commissions also included the more mundane and everyday architecture such as approximately sixty elaborate tollgates around Paris in the Wall of the General Tax Farm.
Taking its name from medieval troubadours, the Troubadour Style is a rather derisive term, in English usually applied to French historical painting of the early 19th century with idealised depictions of the Middle Ages and the Renaissance. In French it also refers to the equivalent architectural styles. It can be seen as an aspect of Romanticism and a reaction against Neoclassicism, which was coming to an end at the end of the Consulate, and became particularly associated with Josephine Bonaparte and Caroline Ferdinande Louise, duchesse de Berry. In architecture the style was an exuberant French equivalent to the Gothic Revival of the Germanic and Anglophone countries. The style related to contemporary developments in French literature, and music, but the term is usually restricted to painting and architecture.
Jean-Camille Formigé (1845-1926) was a French architect during the French Third Republic. He served as the chief architect of historic monuments of France, and also as the chief architect of buildings, promenades and gardens of the city of Paris. His son, Jules Formigé, was also a prominent architect.
The Triumphal Arch of Orange is a triumphal arch located in the town of Orange, southeast France. There is debate about when the arch was built, but current research that accepts the inscription as evidence favours a date during the reign of emperor Augustus. It was built on the former via Agrippa to honor the veterans of the Gallic Wars and Legio II Augusta. It was later reconstructed by emperor Tiberius to celebrate the victories of Germanicus over the German tribes in Rhineland. The arch contains an inscription dedicated to emperor Tiberius in AD 27. Along with the Roman Theatre of Orange, the Triumphal Arch was inscribed on the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1981 because of its exceptional preservation.
Second Empire style, also known as the Napoleon III style, was a highly eclectic style of architecture and decorative arts, which used elements of many different historical styles, and also made innovative use of modern materials, such as iron frameworks and glass skylights. It flourished during the reign of Emperor Napoleon III in France (1852–1871) and had an important influence on architecture and decoration in the rest of Europe and North America. Major examples of the style include the Opéra Garnier (1862–1871) in Paris by Charles Garnier, the Bibliothèque nationale de France, the Church of Saint Augustine (1860–1871), and the Philadelphia City Hall. The architectural style was closely connected with Haussmann's renovation of Paris carried out during the Second Empire; the new buildings, such as the Opéra, were intended as the focal points of the new boulevards.
François Debret was a 19th-century French architect and Freemason. He was one of a group of influential academic architects in the 1820s and 1830s that furthered the precepts of Percier and Fontaine, although little of his own work survives.
Jean-Charles-Léon Danjoy was a French architect who specialized in renovating historical buildings.
Joseph-Auguste Lafollye (1828-1891) was a French architect. He is known for his restoration of the Château de Pau and other major public buildings.
Gabriel-Auguste Ancelet was a French architect who undertook various projects for the Emperor Napoleon III, and later taught for many years at the École des Beaux-Arts in Paris.
Charles Hubert Rohault de Fleury was a French architect who was responsible for many public buildings in Paris in the first half of the 19th century.
Auguste-Henri-Victor Grandjean de Montigny was a French architect who had considerable influence on the development of architecture in Brazil.
Jean-Baptiste-Antoine Lassus was a French architect who became an expert in restoration or recreation of medieval architecture. He was a strong believer in the early Gothic architecture style, which he thought as a true French and Christian tradition, and was opposed to the classical Graeco-Roman styles promoted by the academic establishment.
Jacques-Guillaume Legrand was a French architect and critic.
Eugène Louis Millet was a French architect. He planned and began the restoration of the Château de Saint-Germain-en-Laye, home of the Museum of National Antiquities.
Antoine Paul Selmersheim was a French diocesan architect. He is known for his design, construction, and restoration efforts on many churches during the 19th century. He became inspector-general of historical monuments.
Neoclassicism is a movement in architecture, design and the arts which was dominant in France between about 1760 to 1830. It emerged as a reaction to the frivolity and excessive ornament of the baroque and rococo styles. In architecture it featured sobriety, straight lines, and forms, such as the pediment and colonnade, based on Ancient Greek and Roman models. In painting it featured heroism and sacrifice in the time of the ancient Romans and Greeks. It began late in the reign of Louis XV, became dominant under Louis XVI, and continued through the French Revolution, the French Directory, and the reign of Napoleon Bonaparte, and the Bourbon Restoration until 1830, when it was gradually replaced as the dominant style by romanticism and eclecticism.
The style of architecture and design under King Louis Philippe I (1830–1848) was a more eclectic development of French neoclassicism, incorporating elements of neo-Gothic and other styles. It was the first French decorative style imposed not by royalty, but by the tastes of the growing French upper class. In painting, neoclassicism and romanticism contended to become the dominant style. In literature and music, France had a golden age, as the home of Frédéric Chopin, Franz Liszt, Victor Hugo, Honoré de Balzac, and other major poets and artists.
The ancient theatre of Orange was built by the Romans in the first century of our era, and its restoration was carried out in the nineteenth century thanks to the work of two architects: Augustin Caristie (1783-1862) and later Jean-Camille Formigé (1845-1926).
Media related to Auguste Caristie at Wikimedia Commons
| General | |
|---|---|
| National libraries | |
| Art research institutes | |
| Biographical dictionaries | |
| Other | |
