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The whirligig beetles are water beetles, comprising the family Gyrinidae that usually swim on the surface of the water if undisturbed, though they swim underwater when threatened. They get their common name from their habit of swimming rapidly in circles when alarmed, and are also notable for their divided eyes which are believed to enable them to see both above and below water. The family includes some 700 extant species worldwide, in 15 genera, plus a few fossil species. Most species are very similar in general appearance, though they vary in size from perhaps 3 mm to 18 mm in length. They tend to be flattened and rounded in cross section, in plain view as seen from above, and in longitudinal section. In fact their shape is a good first approximation to an ellipsoid, with legs and other appendages fitting closely into a streamlined surface. Whirligig beetles belong to the beetle suborder Adephaga, which also includes ground beetles and diving beetles.
The Adephaga are a suborder of beetles, and with more than 40,000 recorded species in 10 families, the second-largest of the four beetle suborders. Members of this suborder are collectively known as adephagans. The largest family is Carabidae which comprises most of the suborder with over 40,000 species. Adephaga also includes a variety of aquatic beetles, such as predaceous diving beetles and whirligig beetles.
Gyrininae is a subfamily of ground and water beetles in the family Gyrinidae. There are at least 740 described extant species in Gyrininae.
Zoodes maculatus is a species of Longhorn beetle native to Sri Lanka and India.
Onthophagus unifasciatus, is a species of true dung beetle native to India and Sri Lanka.
Catharsius granulatus, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Nepal, Sikkim, China, Taiwan, Andaman Islands, Vietnam, Laos, Cambodia, Thailand, Malaysia, and Sunda Islands.
Copris repertus, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka and Myanmar.
Copris signatus, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka and Laos.
Heliocopris bucephalus, commonly known as the Elephant dung beetle, is a species of dung beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Malay Peninsula, Java, Vietnam, Laos, and Cambodia.
Sternolophus inconspicuus, is a species of water scavenger beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Tibet, Hong Kong, Vietnam and the Philippines.
Gyrinus sericeolimbatus, is a species of whirligig beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, New Guinea, Philippines, Solomon Islands.
Hydrovatus confertus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, China, Thailand, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Celebes, Cambodia, Hawaii, Bangladesh, Pakistan, and Nepal.
Hydrovatus castaneus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Myanmar, Indonesia, Sri Lanka, Bangladesh, and China.
Hydrovatus bonvouloiri, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Malayasia, Myanmar, China, Japan, Vietnam, Formosa, Indonesia, Thailand, Laos, Taiwan, and Philippines.
Hydrovatus acuminatus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in Oriental and African regions.
Hydroglyphus flammulatus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Sri Lanka, Pakistan, Thailand, Cambodia, China, Taiwan, Korea, Myanmar, Bangladesh, Indonesia, Vietnam, and Nepal.
Hydaticus vittatus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Bangladesh, Bhutan, Myanmar, China, Japan, Taiwan, Thailand, Cambodia, Laos, Vietnam, Malaysia and Indonesia.
Cybister tripunctatus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Andaman & Nicobar Islands, Sri Lanka, Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Bhutan, China, Cyprus, Iran, Iraq, Japan, Kyrgyzstan, Mongolia, Russia, Syria, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Italy, Turkey, Uzbekistan and Europe.
Rhantus taprobanicus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka.
Hydaticus ricinus, is a species of predaceous diving beetle found in India, Afghanistan, Bhutan, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, China, Laos, Thailand, and Vietnam.
References
- ↑ "Cenozoic out-of-Africa dispersal shaped diversification of the whirligig beetle genus Aulonogyrus (Coleoptera: Gyrinidae: Gyrinini)". Arthropod Systematics and Phylogeny 76(2). Retrieved 2021-06-17.
- ↑ "Gyrinidae of Silent Valley" (PDF). Rec. zool. Surv. India. 84 (1-4): 59–66. 1966. Retrieved 2021-06-17.
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