Ava Easton

Last updated
Ava Easton
Dr Ava Easton.jpg
Nationality British
Scientific career
Fields Encephalitis, Acquired Brain Injury, Narrative medicine, Global Health, Patient and Public Involvement.
Institutions The Encephalitis Society, The University of Liverpool Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology & Immunology
Thesis The Role of Written Narratives in the Recovery of People Affected by Encephalitis (2014)
Doctoral advisor Karl Atkin

Ava Easton is a health scientist and researcher who specialises in encephalitis, acquired brain injury and narrative medicine, and is considered a world expert in her field of Encephalitis patient outcomes and quality of life. [1] [2] [3] [4] She is the current Chief Executive of The Encephalitis Society, [5] [3] a non-profit organisation which provides support and resources for those affected by the neurological disease of Encephalitis, [6] [7] [8] and collaborates with various organisations on research into the disease. [9] [10] [8] [11]

Contents

Education

Easton studied Applied Social Sciences at the Open University at the age of 33, [1] and went on to complete a PhD with the University of York in 2014, on the role of narratives in encephalitis recovery. [2] [12] [13]

Career

Easton has been Chief Executive of the Encephalitis Society since 2011, [2] having begun work with them in 2000, [4] as Support Service Coordinator. [3] She was made an Honorary Fellow in the Department of Clinical Infection, Microbiology and Immunology at the University of Liverpool in 2014. [1] [2] [14] [13]

In 2014, Easton founded World Encephalitis Day, [15] [16] a global awareness day to raise awareness of the condition, and provide resources and support to those affected. [3] [17] [18] In 2017, the charity won a Charity Times Award for Charity of the Year with an income of less than £1 million. [19] [20] [21] Also in 2014, 2017, and in 2019, Easton was awarded a Social CEO award, supported by The Guardian newspaper, marking her as one of the top 30 charity leaders on social media. [22] [23] In 2019, World Encephalitis Day won a Third Sector Award for Communications Campaign of the Year, [24] and Easton was given a Charity Comms Inspiring Communicator Award. [3] [25]

She is a member of the Global Forum on Neurology and COVID-19, [14] and has been Chair of the Patient, Public and Community Engagement and Involvement Panel, on the taskforce for the COVID-19 NeuroResearch Coalition, since 2020. [26] [27] Additionally in 2020, Easton became a member of the Steering Committee for the National Surveillance Programme on Neurological Complications of COVID-19 (COVID-CNS). [28] She also forms part of the associated group CoroNerve, [29] [30] [31] and was also appointed as the Head of Patient and Public Involvement for the programme. [28] [32] Further, Easton is the Chair of the Patient and Public Involvement Panel for the Brain Infections Research Group of the Global Health Network. [33] She is an Ambassador for the European Brain Council, [34] and a member of many other not-for-profit organisations, including the Royal Society of Medicine, the Association of Chief Executives of Voluntary Organisations, the American Academy of Neurology, and the European Academy of Neurology. [35] [36]

Easton also lectures at the University of Glasgow School of Medicine, [37] and the University of Liverpool Brain Infections Group, [32] as well as a consultant for media on encephalitis and brain injuries, most recently for the UK television program Hollyoaks on Channel 4. [38] [39]

Research and publications

Easton's research is primarily focused around the neurological disease of Encephalitis, [40] [41] [42] but she also works within the broader realms of neurology, [43] [44] the non-profit sector, [10] [45] [46] healthcare outcomes [47] [48] and patient engagement. [49] [50] [45] She has contributed extensively into work on the epidemiology of Encephalitis, [51] [52] including its causes, clinical manifestation and disease management. [40] [53] [54] [55] Her work particularly concerns improving patient outcomes, [48] looking at the recovery and rehabilitation process of those with acquired brain injuries. [47] As well as researching the physical and cognitive effects of the condition, [56] she also explores the social impacts on survivors [47] [50] and their relatives and caregivers, [57] [58] [59] with a focus on improving research into the disease and enhancing patients' quality of care and support available. [45] [46]

Her specialist field of research concerns the role that personal experience-based accounts of acquired brain injuries can play in advancing knowledge of such conditions, a concept referred to as "neuro-narratives." [41] [60] [61] Easton's first book, 'Life After Encephalitis' was published by Psychology Press in 2016. [41] The book documents the journeys of affected people, and featuring accounts from survivors and memoirs from bereaved relatives. [41] [62] [63] Easton explores the ways in which their accounts can aid professionals in deepening their understanding of the disease, and be used to inform care and support provided to those affected. [41] [63]

Recently, she has also been involved in research across the broader field of neurology, including studies into the neurological effects of COVID-19. [14] [31] [64] [65]

Her work has been published in The Lancet, [10] [58] [66] The Journal of Neurology, [67] BMJ, [68] Nursing Standard, [40] [69] Clinical Medicine [54] the British Journal of Hospital Medicine, [42] the Journal of Infection, [70] [71] Social Science & Medicine [50] and the Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery, and Psychiatry. [28] [31]

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Encephalitis</span> Inflammation of the brain

Encephalitis is inflammation of the brain. The severity can be variable with symptoms including reduction or alteration in consciousness, headache, fever, confusion, a stiff neck, and vomiting. Complications may include seizures, hallucinations, trouble speaking, memory problems, and problems with hearing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Encephalitis lethargica</span> Form of encephalitis (sleeping sickness)

Encephalitis lethargica is an atypical form of encephalitis. Also known as "sleeping sickness" or "sleepy sickness", it was first described in 1917 by neurologist Constantin von Economo and pathologist Jean-René Cruchet. The disease attacks the brain, leaving some victims in a statue-like condition, speechless and motionless. Between 1915 and 1926, an epidemic of encephalitis lethargica spread around the world. The exact number of people infected is unknown, but it is estimated that more than one million people contracted the disease during the epidemic, which directly caused more than 500,000 deaths. Most of those who survived never returned to their pre-morbid vigour.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Japanese encephalitis</span> Infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus

Japanese encephalitis (JE) is an infection of the brain caused by the Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV). While most infections result in little or no symptoms, occasional inflammation of the brain occurs. In these cases, symptoms may include headache, vomiting, fever, confusion and seizures. This occurs about 5 to 15 days after infection.

Rasmussen's encephalitis is a rare inflammatory neurological disease, characterized by frequent and severe seizures, loss of motor skills and speech, hemiparesis, encephalitis, and dementia. The illness affects a single cerebral hemisphere and generally occurs in children under the age of 15.

Interferon beta-1b is a cytokine in the interferon family used to treat the relapsing-remitting and secondary-progressive forms of multiple sclerosis (MS). It is approved for use after the first MS event. Closely related is interferon beta 1a, also indicated for MS, with a very similar drug profile.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Limbic encephalitis</span> Inflammation involving the limbic system in the brain

Limbic encephalitis is a form of encephalitis, a disease characterized by inflammation of the brain. Limbic encephalitis is caused by autoimmunity: an abnormal state where the body produces antibodies against itself. Some cases are associated with cancer and some are not. Although the disease is known as "limbic" encephalitis, it is seldom limited to the limbic system and post-mortem studies usually show involvement of other parts of the brain. The disease was first described by Brierley and others in 1960 as a series of three cases. The link to cancer was first noted in 1968 and confirmed by later investigators.

Guillain–Barré syndrome (GBS) is a rapid-onset muscle weakness caused by the immune system damaging the peripheral nervous system. Typically, both sides of the body are involved, and the initial symptoms are changes in sensation or pain often in the back along with muscle weakness, beginning in the feet and hands, often spreading to the arms and upper body. The symptoms may develop over hours to a few weeks. During the acute phase, the disorder can be life-threatening, with about 15% of people developing weakness of the breathing muscles and, therefore, requiring mechanical ventilation. Some are affected by changes in the function of the autonomic nervous system, which can lead to dangerous abnormalities in heart rate and blood pressure.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Herpes simplex encephalitis</span> Encephalitis associated with herpes simplex virus

Herpes simplex encephalitis (HSE), or simply herpes encephalitis, is encephalitis due to herpes simplex virus. It is estimated to affect at least 1 in 500,000 individuals per year, and some studies suggest an incidence rate of 5.9 cases per 100,000 live births.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis</span> Rare disease which results in brain inflammation

Anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is a type of brain inflammation caused by antibodies. Early symptoms may include fever, headache, and feeling tired. This is then typically followed by psychosis which presents with false beliefs (delusions) and seeing or hearing things that others do not see or hear (hallucinations). People are also often agitated or confused. Over time, seizures, decreased breathing, and blood pressure and heart rate variability typically occur. In some cases, patients may develop catatonia.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Autoimmune encephalitis</span> Type of encephalitis

Autoimmune encephalitis (AIE) is a type of encephalitis, and one of the most common causes of noninfectious encephalitis. It can be triggered by tumors, infections, or it may be cryptogenic. The neurological manifestations can be either acute or subacute and usually develop within six weeks. The clinical manifestations include behavioral and psychiatric symptoms, autonomic disturbances, movement disorders, and seizures.

Thomas Solomon is Professor of Neurology at the University of Liverpool, director of The Pandemic Institute and director of the National Institute for Health and Care Research (NIHR) Health Protection Research Unit in Emerging and Zoonotic Infections. He is also Vice President (International) of the Academy of Medical Sciences.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Sarah Tabrizi</span> British neurologist and neuroscientist

Sarah Joanna Tabrizi FMedSci is a British neurologist and neuroscientist in the field of neurodegeneration, particularly Huntington's disease. She is a Professor and Joint Head of the Department of Neurodegenerative Diseases at the UCL Institute of Neurology; the founder and Director of the UCL Huntington's Disease Centre; a Principal Investigator at the UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL; and an Honorary Consultant Neurologist at the National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, Queen Square, London, where she established the Multidisciplinary Huntington's Disease Clinic. The UCL Huntington’s Disease Centre was officially opened on 1 March 2017 by UCL President and Provost Professor Michael Arthur.

Encephalitis Society is a not-for-profit organisation providing information and support for those affected by encephalitis, an inflammation of the brain, raising awareness and funding and collaborating on research on the condition.

Anti-IgLON5 disease is an uncommon neurological autoimmune condition linked to autoantibodies directed against the IgLON5 protein. Sleep disturbance, bulbar symptoms, and abnormal gait make up the majority of the clinical presentation, which is then followed by cognitive dysfunction. The diagnosis of anti-IgLON5 disease is primarily based on clinical signs and the identification of IgLON5 antibodies in patient serum and/or cerebrospinal fluid.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on neurological, psychological and other mental health outcomes</span> Effects of the COVID-19 pandemic and associated lockdowns on mental health

There is increasing evidence suggesting that COVID-19 causes both acute and chronic neurologicalor psychological symptoms. Caregivers of COVID-19 patients also show a higher than average prevalence of mental health concerns. These symptoms result from multiple different factors.

Marie-Germaine Bousser is a French neuroscientist. She won the Brain Prize in 2019 for her work on CADASIL.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Friedhelm Hummel</span> German neuroscientist and neurologist

Friedhelm Christoph Hummel is a German neuroscientist and neurologist. A full professor at École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne, he is the Defitech Chair of Clinical Neuroengineering, and the head of the Hummel Laboratory at EPFL's School of Life Sciences. He also is an associate professor of clinical neuroscience at the University of Geneva.

Rachelle Smith Doody is an American neurologist and neuroscientist. She is known for her work on late stage development of drugs for Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, Huntington’s disease and other neurodegenerative disorders.

Guy Edward Thwaites is a British professor of infectious diseases at the University of Oxford, and director of the Oxford University Clinical Research Unit (OUCRU) in Ho Chi Minh City in Vietnam. His focus is on severe bacterial infections, including meningitis and Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection, and tuberculosis. He is a former first-class cricketer.

David John Werring is a British physician, neurologist, and academic specialising in stroke. He is professor of Neurology at the UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology and current head of Stroke Research Centre and the department of Brain Repair & Rehabilitation at UCL.

References

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  28. 1 2 3 Ellul, Mark; Varatharaj, Aravinthan; Nicholson, Timothy R.; Pollak, Thomas Arthur; Thomas, Naomi; Easton, Ava; Zandi, Michael S.; Manji, Hadi; Solomon, Tom; Carson, Alan; Turner, Martin R. (2020-08-01). "Defining causality in COVID-19 and neurological disorders". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 91 (8): 811–812. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2020-323667. ISSN   0022-3050. PMC   7299654 . PMID   32503883.
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  31. 1 2 3 Tooren, Harriett Van Den; Ellul, Mark A.; Davies, Nicholas WS; Easton, Ava; Vincent, Angela; Solomon, Tom; Michael, Benedict Daniel (2020-11-01). "Standing on the shoulders of giants: 100 years of neurology and epidemic infections". Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry. 91 (11): 1129–1131. doi:10.1136/jnnp-2020-324366. ISSN   0022-3050. PMC   7569382 . PMID   32958721.
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  41. 1 2 3 4 5 Easton, Ava (2016). Easton, Ava (ed.). Life After Encephalitis | Taylor & Francis Group. Taylor & Francis. doi:10.4324/9781315726922. ISBN   9781315726922 . Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  42. 1 2 Frackowiak, Marta; Easton, Ava; Michael, Benedict D (2019-04-02). "Encephalitis". British Journal of Hospital Medicine. 80 (4): C50–C52. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2019.80.4.C50 . ISSN   1750-8460. PMID   30951422.
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  53. ↑ Binks, Sophie N. M.; Veldsman, Michele; Easton, Ava; Leite, M. Isabel; Okai, David; Husain, Masud; Irani, Sarosh R. (2021-05-01). "Residual Fatigue and Cognitive Deficits in Patients After Leucine-Rich Glioma-Inactivated 1 Antibody Encephalitis". JAMA Neurology. 78 (5): 617–619. doi:10.1001/jamaneurol.2021.0477. ISSN   2168-6149. PMC   8008400 . PMID   33779685.
  54. 1 2 Ellul, Mark A.; Wood, Greta; Tooren, Harriet Van Den; Easton, Ava; Babu, Ashik; Michael, Benedict D. (2020-07-01). "Update on the diagnosis and management of autoimmune encephalitis". Clinical Medicine. 20 (4): 389–392. doi:10.7861/clinmed.2020-0241. ISSN   1470-2118. PMC   7385764 . PMID   32675144.
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  60. ↑ Easton, Ava; Atkin, Karl (2011-01-01). "Medicine and patient narratives". Social Care and Neurodisability. 2 (1): 33–41. doi:10.5042/scn.2011.0082. ISSN   2042-0919.
  61. ↑ Morgan, Jules (2016-11-01). "Neuro-narrative contributions: the truth about encephalitis". The Lancet Neurology. 15 (12): 1212. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(16)30091-6 . ISSN   1474-4422.
  62. ↑ "Life after Encephalitis". The Encephalitis Society. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  63. 1 2 ""Life After Encephalitis" a new book by Dr. Ava Easton". Autoimmune Encephalitis Alliance. 2016-03-16. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  64. ↑ "Charity takes part in Covid-19 research". York Press. Retrieved 2021-07-28.
  65. ↑ Ross Russell, Amy L; Hardwick, Marc; et al. (1 July 2021). "Spectrum, risk factors and outcomes of neurological and psychiatric complications of COVID-19: a UK-wide cross-sectional surveillance study". Brain Communications. 3 (3): fcab168. doi: 10.1093/braincomms/fcab168 . PMC   8364668 . PMID   34409289.
  66. ↑ Easton, Ava (October 2017). "Keeping an open mind in neurological practice". The Lancet Neurology. 16 (10): 778. doi: 10.1016/s1474-4422(17)30215-6 . ISSN   1474-4422.
  67. ↑ Granerod, Julia; Davies, Nicholas W. S.; Ramanuj, Parashar P.; Easton, Ava; Brown, David W. G.; Thomas, Sara L. (2017-02-01). "Increased rates of sequelae post-encephalitis in individuals attending primary care practices in the United Kingdom: a population-based retrospective cohort study". Journal of Neurology. 264 (2): 407–415. doi:10.1007/s00415-016-8316-8. ISSN   1432-1459. PMID   27766471. S2CID   19816981.
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