BRD2

BRD2
Available structures
PDB	Ortholog search: PDBe RCSB
List of PDB id codes
	1X0J, 2DVQ, 2DVR, 2DVS, 2DVV, 2E3K, 2G4A, 2YDW, 2YEK, 3AQA, 3ONI, 4A9E, 4A9F, 4A9H, 4A9I, 4A9J, 4A9M, 4A9N, 4A9O, 4AKN, 4ALG, 4ALH, 4J1P, 4MR5, 4MR6, 4QEU, 4QEV, 4QEW, 4UYF, 4UYG, 4UYH, 5BT5, 5DFD, 5HEM, 5DFB, 5HEL, 5HFQ, 5HEN, 5DFC, 5IG6, 5IBN, 5DW1 Contents Functions ; Interactions ; References ; External links ; Further reading ;
Identifiers
Aliases	BRD2 , D6S113E, FSH, FSRG1, NAT, RING3, RNF3, O27.1.1, bromodomain containing 2, BRD2-IT1
External IDs	OMIM: 601540 MGI: 99495 HomoloGene: 74540 GeneCards: BRD2
Gene location (Human)
Chr.	Chromosome 6 (human)
End	32,981,505 bp
Gene location (Mouse)
Chr.	Chromosome 17 (mouse)
End	34,122,634 bp
RNA expression pattern
	; ; ; ;
	More reference expression data
Gene ontology
Molecular function	• chromatin binding ; • GO:0001948 protein binding ; • lysine-acetylated histone binding ;
Cellular component	• cytoplasm ; • nucleus ; • nucleoplasm ; • nuclear speck ;
Biological process	• regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II ; • nucleosome assembly ; • regulation of transcription, DNA-templated ; • transcription, DNA-templated ; • spermatogenesis ; • chromatin organization ; • GO:0022415 viral process ;
	Sources:Amigo / QuickGO
Orthologs
	6046
	14312
ENSG00000215077 ; ENSG00000234507 ; ENSG00000230678 ; ENSG00000204256 ; ENSG00000235307 ;
	ENSG00000236227 ; ENSG00000234704
	ENSMUSG00000024335
	P25440
	Q7JJ13
	NM_001113182 ; NM_001199455 ; NM_001199456 ; NM_001291986 ; NM_005104
	NM_001025387 ; NM_001204973 ; NM_010238
	NP_001106653 ; NP_001186384 ; NP_001186385 ; NP_001278915 ; NP_005095
	NP_001191902 ; NP_034368
	Wikidata
View/Edit Human	View/Edit Mouse

Last updated August 22, 2021

Bromodomain-containing protein 2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD2 gene. BRD2 is part of the Bromodomain and Extra-Terminal motif (BET) protein family that also contains BRD3, BRD4, and BRDT in mammals ^[5]^[6]^[7]

Early descriptions demonstrated that BRD2 gene product is a mitogen-activated kinase which localizes to the nucleus. The gene maps to the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II region on chromosome 6p21.3 but sequence comparison suggests that the protein is not involved in the immune response. Homology to the Drosophila gene female sterile homeotic suggests that this human gene may be part of a signal transduction pathway involved in growth control.^[7]

Functions

BRD2 has been implicated in cancer.^[5]^[8]
BRD2 loss in mice causes obesity without diabetes for unknown reasons.^[5]
BRD2 may have functional overlap with close homolog BRD3.^[9]
BRD2 function is blocked by BET inhibitors.

Interactions

BRD2 has been shown to interact with E2F2,^[10]^[11] and many transcription factors including GATA1.^[9]

Related Research Articles

Histone H4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST4H4 gene.

Transcription factor E2F2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the E2F2 gene.

MHC class II regulatory factor RFX1 is a protein that, in humans, is encoded by the RFX1 gene located on the short arm of chromosome 19.

Zinc finger protein RFP is a protein that in humans is encoded by the TRIM27 gene.

Histone H2B type 3-B is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HIST3H2BB gene.

Heterogeneous nuclear ribonucleoprotein U-like protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HNRNPUL1 gene.

Bromodomain-containing protein 8 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD8 gene.

Ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme E2 E3 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the UBE2E3 gene.

Bromodomain-containing protein 4 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD4 gene.

PAS domain-containing serine/threonine-protein kinase is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PASK gene.

Bromodomain-containing protein 7 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD7 gene.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase PLK2 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the PLK2 gene.

CAMP responsive element binding protein-like 1, also known as CREBL1, is a protein which in humans is encoded by the CREBL1 gene.

Zinc transporter SLC39A7 (ZIP7), also known as solute carrier family 39 member 7, is a protein that in humans is encoded by the SLC39A7 gene. Its fruit fly orthologue is Catsup.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase 10 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the STK10 gene.

Bromodomain-containing protein 3 (BRD3) also known as RING3-like protein (RING3L) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRD3 gene. This gene was identified based on its homology to the gene encoding the RING3 (BRD2) protein, a serine/threonine kinase. The gene maps to 9q34, a region which contains several major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes.

Serine/threonine-protein kinase 19 is an enzyme that in humans is encoded by the STK19 gene.

CDK12 cyclin-dependent kinase 12 is a protein kinase that in humans is encoded by the CDK12 gene. This enzyme is a member of cyclin-dependent kinase protein family.

Bromodomain testis-specific protein is a protein that in humans is encoded by the BRDT gene. It is a member of the Bromodomain and Extra-terminal motif (BET) protein family.

JQ1 is a thienotriazolodiazepine and a potent inhibitor of the BET family of bromodomain proteins which include BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, and the testis-specific protein BRDT in mammals. BET inhibitors structurally similar to JQ1 are being tested in clinical trials for a variety of cancers including NUT midline carcinoma. It was developed by the James Bradner laboratory at Brigham and Women's Hospital and named after chemist Jun Qi. The chemical structure was inspired by patent of similar BET inhibitors by Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma [WO/2009/084693]. Structurally it is related to benzodiazepines. While widely used in laboratory applications, JQ1 is not itself being used in human clinical trials because it has a short half life.

References

1 2 3 ENSG00000234507, ENSG00000230678, ENSG00000204256, ENSG00000235307, ENSG00000236227, ENSG00000234704 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000215077, ENSG00000234507, ENSG00000230678, ENSG00000204256, ENSG00000235307, ENSG00000236227, ENSG00000234704 - Ensembl, May 2017
1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024335 - Ensembl, May 2017
↑ "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
↑ "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.
1 2 3 Belkina, A. C.; Denis, G. V. (2012). "BET domain co-regulators in obesity, inflammation and cancer". Nature Reviews Cancer. 12 (7): 465–77. doi:10.1038/nrc3256. PMC 3934568 . PMID 22722403.
↑ Thorpe KL, Abdulla S, Kaufman J, Trowsdale J, Beck S (October 1996). "Phylogeny and structure of the RING3 gene". Immunogenetics. 44 (5): 391–6. doi:10.1007/BF02602785. PMID 8781126. S2CID 44613743.
1 2 "BRD2 bromodomain containing 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]".
↑ Shi, J; Vakoc, C. R. (2014). "The mechanisms behind the therapeutic activity of BET bromodomain inhibition". Molecular Cell. 54 (5): 728–36. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.016. PMC 4236231 . PMID 24905006.
1 2 Stonestrom, A. J.; Hsu, S. C.; Jahn, K. S.; Huang, P; Keller, C. A.; Giardine, B. M.; Kadauke, S; Campbell, A. E.; Evans, P; Hardison, R. C.; Blobel, G. A. (2015). "Functions of BET proteins in erythroid gene expression". Blood. 125 (18): 2825–34. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-10-607309. PMC 4424630 . PMID 25696920.
↑ Crowley, Thomas E; Kaine Emily M; Yoshida Manabu; Nandi Anindita; Wolgemuth Debra J (August 2002). "Reproductive cycle regulation of nuclear import, euchromatic localization, and association with components of Pol II mediator of a mammalian double-bromodomain protein". Mol. Endocrinol. United States. 16 (8): 1727–37. doi: 10.1210/me.2001-0353 . ISSN 0888-8809. PMID 12145330.
↑ Denis, G V; Vaziri C; Guo N; Faller D V (August 2000). "RING3 kinase transactivates promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes through E2F". Cell Growth Differ. UNITED STATES. 11 (8): 417–24. ISSN 1044-9523. PMC 3968681 . PMID 10965846.

External links

Human BRD2 genome location and BRD2 gene details page in the UCSC Genome Browser .

Haynes SR, Dollard C, Winston F, et al. (1992). "The bromodomain: a conserved sequence found in human, Drosophila and yeast proteins". Nucleic Acids Res. 20 (10): 2603. doi:10.1093/nar/20.10.2603. PMC 312404 . PMID 1350857.
Okamoto N, Ando A, Kawai J, et al. (1992). "Orientation of HLA-DNA gene and identification of a CpG island-associated gene adjacent to DNA in human major histocompatibility complex class II region". Hum. Immunol. 32 (3): 221–8. doi:10.1016/0198-8859(91)90059-I. PMID 1663500.
Denis GV, Green MR (1996). "A novel, mitogen-activated nuclear kinase is related to a Drosophila developmental regulator". Genes Dev. 10 (3): 261–71. doi: 10.1101/gad.10.3.261 . PMID 8595877.
Thorpe KL, Gorman P, Thomas C, et al. (1997). "Chromosomal localization, gene structure and transcription pattern of the ORFX gene, a homologue of the MHC-linked RING3 gene". Gene. 200 (1–2): 177–83. doi:10.1016/S0378-1119(97)00415-0. PMID 9373153.
Taniguchi Y, Matsuzaka Y, Fujimoto H, et al. (1998). "Nucleotide sequence of the ring3 gene in the class II region of the mouse MHC and its abundant expression in testicular germ cells". Genomics. 51 (1): 114–23. doi:10.1006/geno.1998.5262. PMID 9693039.
Guo N, Faller DV, Denis GV (2000). "Activation-induced nuclear translocation of RING3". J. Cell Sci. 113 (17): 3085–91. doi:10.1242/jcs.113.17.3085. PMC 3936601 . PMID 10934046.
Denis GV, Vaziri C, Guo N, Faller DV (2001). "RING3 kinase transactivates promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes through E2F". Cell Growth Differ. 11 (8): 417–24. PMC 3968681 . PMID 10965846.
BelAiba RS, Baril P, Chebloune Y, et al. (2001). "Identification and cloning of an 85-kDa protein homologous to RING3 that is upregulated in proliferating endothelial cells". Eur. J. Biochem. 268 (16): 4398–407. doi: 10.1046/j.1432-1327.2001.02355.x . PMID 11502199.
Crowley TE, Kaine EM, Yoshida M, et al. (2003). "Reproductive cycle regulation of nuclear import, euchromatic localization, and association with components of Pol II mediator of a mammalian double-bromodomain protein". Mol. Endocrinol. 16 (8): 1727–37. doi: 10.1210/me.2001-0353 . PMID 12145330.
Strausberg RL, Feingold EA, Grouse LH, et al. (2003). "Generation and initial analysis of more than 15,000 full-length human and mouse cDNA sequences". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 99 (26): 16899–903. Bibcode:2002PNAS...9916899M. doi: 10.1073/pnas.242603899 . PMC 139241 . PMID 12477932.
Zhou M, Peng C, Nie XM, et al. (2003). "[Expression of BRD7-interacting proteins,BRD2 and BRD3, in nasopharyngeal carcinoma tissues]". AI Zheng. 22 (2): 123–7. PMID 12600283.
Pal DK, Evgrafov OV, Tabares P, et al. (2003). "BRD2 (RING3) is a probable major susceptibility gene for common juvenile myoclonic epilepsy". Am. J. Hum. Genet. 73 (2): 261–70. doi:10.1086/377006. PMC 1180366 . PMID 12830434.
Mungall AJ, Palmer SA, Sims SK, et al. (2003). "The DNA sequence and analysis of human chromosome 6". Nature. 425 (6960): 805–11. Bibcode:2003Natur.425..805M. doi: 10.1038/nature02055 . PMID 14574404.
Ota T, Suzuki Y, Nishikawa T, et al. (2004). "Complete sequencing and characterization of 21,243 full-length human cDNAs". Nat. Genet. 36 (1): 40–5. doi: 10.1038/ng1285 . PMID 14702039.
Kanno T, Kanno Y, Siegel RM, et al. (2004). "Selective recognition of acetylated histones by bromodomain proteins visualized in living cells". Mol. Cell. 13 (1): 33–43. doi: 10.1016/S1097-2765(03)00482-9 . PMID 14731392.
Beausoleil SA, Jedrychowski M, Schwartz D, et al. (2004). "Large-scale characterization of HeLa cell nuclear phosphoproteins". Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U.S.A. 101 (33): 12130–5. Bibcode:2004PNAS..10112130B. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0404720101 . PMC 514446 . PMID 15302935.
Gerhard DS, Wagner L, Feingold EA, et al. (2004). "The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC)". Genome Res. 14 (10B): 2121–7. doi:10.1101/gr.2596504. PMC 528928 . PMID 15489334.
Benevolenskaya EV, Murray HL, Branton P, et al. (2005). "Binding of pRB to the PHD protein RBP2 promotes cellular differentiation". Mol. Cell. 18 (6): 623–35. doi: 10.1016/j.molcel.2005.05.012 . PMID 15949438.

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[refGRCh38Ensembl-1] 1 2 3 ENSG00000234507, ENSG00000230678, ENSG00000204256, ENSG00000235307, ENSG00000236227, ENSG00000234704 GRCh38: Ensembl release 89: ENSG00000215077, ENSG00000234507, ENSG00000230678, ENSG00000204256, ENSG00000235307, ENSG00000236227, ENSG00000234704 - Ensembl, May 2017

[refGRCm38Ensembl-2] 1 2 3 GRCm38: Ensembl release 89: ENSMUSG00000024335 - Ensembl, May 2017

[3] "Human PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[4] "Mouse PubMed Reference:". National Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of Medicine.

[pmid22722403-5] 1 2 3 Belkina, A. C.; Denis, G. V. (2012). "BET domain co-regulators in obesity, inflammation and cancer". Nature Reviews Cancer. 12 (7): 465–77. doi:10.1038/nrc3256. PMC 3934568 . PMID 22722403.

[pmid8781126-6] Thorpe KL, Abdulla S, Kaufman J, Trowsdale J, Beck S (October 1996). "Phylogeny and structure of the RING3 gene". Immunogenetics. 44 (5): 391–6. doi:10.1007/BF02602785. PMID 8781126. S2CID 44613743.

[entrez-7] 1 2 "BRD2 bromodomain containing 2 [ Homo sapiens (human) ]".

[8] Shi, J; Vakoc, C. R. (2014). "The mechanisms behind the therapeutic activity of BET bromodomain inhibition". Molecular Cell. 54 (5): 728–36. doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2014.05.016. PMC 4236231 . PMID 24905006.

[pmid25696920-9] 1 2 Stonestrom, A. J.; Hsu, S. C.; Jahn, K. S.; Huang, P; Keller, C. A.; Giardine, B. M.; Kadauke, S; Campbell, A. E.; Evans, P; Hardison, R. C.; Blobel, G. A. (2015). "Functions of BET proteins in erythroid gene expression". Blood. 125 (18): 2825–34. doi:10.1182/blood-2014-10-607309. PMC 4424630 . PMID 25696920.

[pmid12145330-10] Crowley, Thomas E; Kaine Emily M; Yoshida Manabu; Nandi Anindita; Wolgemuth Debra J (August 2002). "Reproductive cycle regulation of nuclear import, euchromatic localization, and association with components of Pol II mediator of a mammalian double-bromodomain protein". Mol. Endocrinol. United States. 16 (8): 1727–37. doi: 10.1210/me.2001-0353 . ISSN 0888-8809. PMID 12145330.

[pmid10965846-11] Denis, G V; Vaziri C; Guo N; Faller D V (August 2000). "RING3 kinase transactivates promoters of cell cycle regulatory genes through E2F". Cell Growth Differ. UNITED STATES. 11 (8): 417–24. ISSN 1044-9523. PMC 3968681 . PMID 10965846.

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