Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle January 1944

The Battle of Monte Cassino order of battle for January 1944, is a listing of the significant formations involved in the fighting on the Winter Line in January 1944, during the period generally known as the First Battle of Monte Cassino.

Allied Armies in Italy

Main article: Allied Armies in Italy

C-in-C: General Sir Harold Alexander
Chief of Staff: Lieutenant-General Sir John Harding

US Fifth Army

Main article: US Fifth Army

Lieutenant General Mark W. Clark

British X Corps (left)

Main article: X Corps (United Kingdom)

Lieutenant-General Sir Richard McCreery

British 5th Infantry Division

Major-General Gerald Bucknall to 22 Jan, then

Major-General P. G. S. Gregson-Ellis ^[1]

13th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. M. Campbell)

2nd Battalion, Cameronians (Scottish Rifles)

2nd Battalion, Royal Inniskilling Fusiliers

2nd Battalion, Wiltshire Regiment

15th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier E. O. Martin until 22 January then Brigadier John Yeldham Whitfield ^[2] )

1st Battalion, Green Howards

1st Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry

1st Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment

17th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Dudley Ward)

2nd Battalion, Royal Scots Fusiliers

2nd Battalion, Northamptonshire Regiment

6th Battalion, Seaforth Highlanders

201st Guards Brigade (under command) (Brigadier R. B. R. Colvin)

6th Battalion, Grenadier Guards

3rd Battalion, Coldstream Guards

2nd Battalion, Scots Guards

Divisional troops

91st (4th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

92nd (5th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

98th (Surrey & Sussex Yeomanry Queen Mary's) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

156th (Lanarkshire Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

102nd (Pembroke Yeomanry) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

52nd (6th London) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery

18th Light Anti-aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery

215th (Gosport & Fareham) Heavy Anti-Aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery

5th Reconnaissance Regiment

50th Royal Tank Regiment (One squadron attached from Corps troops)

7th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)

245th, 252nd and 38th Field companies, Royal Engineers

254th Field Park Company, RE

18th Bridge Platoon, RE

British 46th Infantry Division

Major-General John Hawkesworth

128th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier Manley Angell James)

2nd Battalion, Hampshire Regiment

1/4th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment

5th Battalion, Hampshire Regiment

138th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier G. P. Harding)

6th Battalion, Lincolnshire Regiment

2/4th Battalion, King's Own Yorkshire Light Infantry

6th Battalion, York and Lancaster Regiment

139th Infantry Brigade (Brigadier R. E. H. Stott)

2/5th Battalion, Leicestershire Regiment

5th Battalion, Sherwood Foresters

16th Battalion, Durham Light Infantry

Divisional troops

70th (West Riding) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

71st (West Riding) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

172nd Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

5th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

58th (Duke of Wellington's Regiment) Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery

115th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery

215th Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery

46th Reconnaissance Regiment

2nd Battalion, Royal Northumberland Fusiliers (Machine gun)

270th, 271st and 272nd Field companies, Royal Engineers

273rd Field Park Company, RE

201st Bridge Platoon, RE

40th Royal Tank Regiment (attached from Corps troops ^[3] )

British 56th Infantry Division

Major-General Gerald Templer

167th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier C. E. A. Firth until 29 January then Brigadier J. Scott-Elliott ^[4] )

8th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers

9th Battalion, Royal Fusiliers

7th Battalion, Oxfordshire and Buckinghamshire Light Infantry

168th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier K. C. Davidson)

10th Battalion, Royal Berkshire Regiment

1st Battalion, London Scottish

1st Battalion, London Irish Rifles

169th (London) Infantry Brigade (Brigadier L. O. Lyne)

2/5th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)

2/6th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)

2/7th Battalion, Queen's Royal Regiment (West Surrey)

Divisional troops

64th (7th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

65th (8th London) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

113th (Home Counties) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

142nd (Royal Devon Yeomanry) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

51st (Midland) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

67th Anti-Tank Regiment, Royal Artillery

100th Light Anti-Aircraft Regiment, Royal Artillery

214th (Southsea) Heavy Anti-aircraft Battery, Royal Artillery

44th Reconnaissance Regiment

6th Battalion, Cheshire Regiment (Machine gun)

220th and 221st Field Companies, Royal Engineers

501st (London) Field Company, Royal Engineers

563rd Field Park Company, RE

40th Royal Tank Regiment (One squadron attached from Corps troops ^[4]

Corps troops

British 23rd Armoured Brigade (Brigadier Robert Arkwright)

40th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)

50th Royal Tank Regiment (less detachments)

11th Battalion, King's Royal Rifle Corps

2nd Special Service Brigade (Brigadier T. D. L. Churchill)

No. 9 Commando

No. 10 (Inter Allied) Commando

No. 40 (Royal Marine) Commando

No. 43 (Royal Marine) Commando (less detachments) ^[4]

2nd Army Group Royal Artillery (under command) ^[4]

78th (Lowland) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

69th (Caernarvon & Denbigh Yeomanry) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

74th Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

140th (5th London) Medium Regiment, Royal Artillery

56th Heavy Regiment, Royal Artillery

146th (Pembroke & Cardiganshire) Field Regiment, Royal Artillery

US II Corps (centre)

Main article: II Corps (United States)

Major-General Geoffrey Keyes

US 1st Armored Division

Major General Ernest N. Harmon

Armor

1st Armored Regiment

13th Armored Regiment

Infantry

6th Armored Infantry Regiment

Artillery

27th, 68th and 91st Armored Field Artillery Battalions

Divisional troops

16th Engineer Battalion

81st Reconnaissance Squadron

601st Tank Destroyer Battalion (Self Propelled) (Attached)

US 34th Infantry Division

Major General Charles W. Ryder)

Infantry

133rd Infantry Regiment

135th Infantry Regiment

168th Infantry Regiment

Artillery

125th, 151st and 175th Field Artillery Battalions (105mm)

185th Field Artillery Battalion (155mm)

Divisional troops

109th Engineer Battalion

US 36th Infantry Division

Major General Fred L. Walker

Infantry

141st Infantry Regiment

142nd Infantry Regiment

143rd Infantry Regiment

CMoH recipient: Sgt. Thomas E. McCall

Artillery

131st, 132nd and 133rd (105 mm) Artillery Battalions

155th (155 mm) Artillery Battalion

Divisional troops

111th Engineer Battalion

1st Special Service Force (Brigadier-General Robert T. Frederick)

3 Regiments of two battalions. Each battalion two companies. ^[5]

1 battery airborne artillery ^[5]

I Motorized Grouping (Brigadier-General Vincenzo Dapino)

67th Infantry Regiment ^[6]

51st Bersaglieri Battalion

11th Artillery Regiment

5th Anti-tank Regiment

One engineer battalion

French Expeditionary Corps (right)

Main article: French Expeditionary Corps (1943-1944)

General Alphonse Juin

3rd Algerian Infantry Division

Major-General Joseph de Goislard de Monsabert

3rd Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

4th Tunisian Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

7th Algerian Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

4th Group of Tabors (3 tabors)

Divisional troops

67th African Artillery Regiment

83rd Engineer Battalion

3rd Algerian Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment

2nd Moroccan Infantry Division

Brigadier-General André M. Dody

4th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

5th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

8th Moroccan Tirailleurs Regiment (3 battalions)

3rd Group of Tabors (3 tabors)

Divisional troops

63rd African Artillery Regiment

87th Engineer Battalion

3rd Moroccan Spahis Reconnaissance Regiment

Fifth Army Reserve

US 45th Infantry "Thunderbird" Division

Major General ' William W. Eagles

The 45th was sent to [Salerno] under Major General Troy H. Middleton. MG Wm. Eagles assumed command of the 45th in November '43, and led the 45th in the fighting into the mountains north of Cassino, until January 9th, 1944 until being sent to a rest area. They would then be sent to land at Anzio on January 22nd, 1944.

German Army Group C

Commander:

Field Marshal Albert Kesselring

German Tenth Army

Commander: General (Generaloberst) Heinrich von Vietinghoff

XIV Panzer Corps

Lieutenant-General (General der Panzertruppe) Fridolin von Senger und Etterlin

5th Mountain Division (until 17 January ^[7] ) (Lieutenant General (General der Gebirgstruppe) Julius Ringel)

85th Mountain Regiment

3 battalions

100th Mountain Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

95th Reconnaissance battalion

95th Mountain Artillery battalion

95th Anti-tank battalion

95th Mountain Engineer battalion

15th Panzer Grenadier Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Eberhard Rodt)

104th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

115th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

129th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

115th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion

115th Panzer battalion

33rd Artillery battalion

33rd Anti-tank battalion

115th Engineer battalion

44th Reichsgrenadier Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Friedrich Franek)

131st Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

132nd Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

134th Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

44th Fusilier battalion

96th Artillery Regiment

46th Anti-tank battalion

96th Engineer battalion

94th Infantry Division (Major General (Generalleutnant) Bernhard Steinmetz)

267th Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

274th Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

276th Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

94th Fusilier battalion

194th Artillery Regiment

194th Anti-tank battalion

94th Engineer battalion

71st Infantry Division (from 17 January) ^[8] (Major General (Generalleutnant) Wilhelm Raapke)

191st Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

194th Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

211st Infantry Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

171st Fusilier battalion

171st Artillery Regiment

171st Anti-tank battalion

171st Engineer battalion

3rd Panzergrenadier Division (relieved 5th Mountain Division on 17 January ^[7] ) (Lieutenant General (General der Panzertruppen) Fritz-Hubert Gräser)

8th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

Army Reserve

Fallschirm-Panzer-Division 1

German I Parachute Corps

Under Kesselring's direct command) ^{[9] [Note 1]}

Lieutenant-General Alfred Schlemm

29th Panzergrenadier Division

15th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

71st Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

129th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion

129th Panzer battalion

29th Artillery Regiment

29th Anti-tank battalion

29th Engineer battalion

90th Panzergrenadier Division

155th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

200th Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

361st Panzer Grenadier Regiment

3 battalions

Divisional troops

190th Armoured Reconnaissance battalion

190th Panzer battalion

190th Artillery Regiment

90th Anti-tank battalion

90th Engineer battalion

Notes

Footnotes

1. Both divisions were released to XIV Panzer Corps on 18 January ^[7]

Citations

1. Molony, p. 607.
2. Molony, p. 607n
3. Molony, p. 278n.
4. Molony, p. 608n.
5. Molony, p. 513.
6. Molony, p. 519.
7. Ellis, p. 551.
8. Ellis p. 550.
9. Molony, p. 586.