Ben O'Loughlin

Last updated
Ben O'Loughlin
Born
Alma mater New College, Oxford
Known forInternational political communication, international relations, propaganda, public diplomacy, strategic communication, communication theory, terrorism

Ben O'Loughlin is professor of international relations at Royal Holloway, University of London. He is director of the New Political Communication Unit, which was launched in 2007. Before joining Royal Holloway in September 2006 he was a researcher on the ESRC New Security Challenges Programme. [1] He completed a DPhil in Politics at New College, Oxford in 2005 under the supervision of the political theorist Elizabeth Frazer and journalist Godfrey Hodgson.

In 2019, O'Loughlin is Thinker in Residence at the Royal Flemish Academy of Belgium for Science and the Arts, on the topic of Democracy and Disinformation. [2] In October 2019, O'Loughlin will publish a report on Democracy and Disinformation with co-author Anja Bechmann. [3]

O'Loughlin's expertise is in the field of international political communication. He was Specialist Advisor to the House of Lords Select Committee on Soft Power [4] which published the report Power and Persuasion in the Modern World. [5] The report drew extensively on O'Loughlin's work on strategic narrative.

The concept 'strategic narrative' has been developed by O'Loughlin with colleagues Alister Miskimmon at Royal Holloway, Andreas Antoniades (Sussex) and Laura Roselle at Elon University. Strategic narratives refer to how political agents tell stories about international affairs in order to influence the behaviour of states and non-state actors. O'Loughlin and colleagues' book on strategic narratives, Strategic Narratives: Communication Power and the New World Order, was published by Routledge in New York in November 2013, and won Best Book Award for International Communication at the 2016 International Studies Association convention. [6] Together with Miskimmon and Roselle, in 2017, O'Loughlin published an edited volume of strategic narrative studies Forging the World: Strategic Narratives and International Relations with University of Michigan Press. From 2015 to 2018 he was funded by the Jean Monnet and the British Council to research the impact of culture and narratives on conflicts in Ukraine, Egypt and Israel-Palestine. This led to further Jean Monnet funding in 2019–20 to explore young people's political narratives in Ukraine and the Baltic states.

Through a number of projects, books and articles he has explored how politics and security are changing in the new media ecology. This work is drawn together in the book War and Media: The Emergence of Diffused War (Cambridge: Polity, 2010), co-authored with Andrew Hoskins. He has published articles in Political Studies , Review of International Studies , International Affairs , Journal of Common Market Studies , New Media & Society , International Journal of Press/Politics , Journalism , Journal of Communication , Journal of Computer-Mediated Communication and many other peer-reviewed scientific journals.

He has carried out projects on media and radicalisation for the Economic and Social Research Council and the Centre for the Protection of National Infrastructure. This led to the book Radicalisation and Media: Terrorism and Connectivity in the New Media Ecology (London: Routledge, 2011) co-authored with Akil N. Awan and Andrew Hoskins.

O'Loughlin has carried extensive research in the new field of social media monitoring. In 2016 his study of dual-screening during televised leaders debates - how audiences interact on social media while watching a debate on TV - won the Best Article of the Year Award at APSA, the American Political Science Association (co-authored with Andrew Chadwick and Cristian Vaccari). [7] In 2016 he also conducted research with Marie Gillespie for the British Council evaluating how global audiences engage with the #ShakespeareLives campaign to mark the 400th anniversary of William Shakespeare's birth. Previously, he and Gillespie completing a project examining how the BBC used social media to engage global audiences during the London 2012 Summer Olympics and published a set of papers comparing how audiences engaged with BBC and Russia Today across the 2012 Summer Olympics and 2014 Winter Olympics in Sochi. In 2010 he completed a project for the UK Technology Strategy Board exploring how Twitter data can reveal emerging crises, infrastructure problems, and shifts in public opinion. With Nick Anstead he calls this Semantic Polling. O'Loughlin is currently writing a new book on digital media and social change called The New Mass, with Andrew Hoskins.

O'Loughlin is co-editor of the Sage journal Media, War & Conflict. [8] The journal was launched in 2008. It is a major international, peer-reviewed journal that maps the shifting arena of war, conflict and terrorism in an intensively and extensively mediated age.

O'Loughlin has presented research to the No. 10 Policy Unit, Home Office, Foreign and Commonwealth Office, OFCOM, NATO, the European Commission and European Broadcasting Union (EBU), as well as expert groups like the Global Futures Forum. He has contributed to The New York Times , The Washington Post , The Guardian , OpenDemocracy, Sky News, Huffington Post and Newsweek . He has held visiting positions at the University of Canterbury, the Institute for Advances Studies at the University of Bologna, at Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, and at the University of Sydney, Australia. He blogs for Global Policy, [9] the international relations journal, and the New Political Communication Unit.

Related Research Articles

Disinformation is false information deliberately spread to deceive people. It should not be confused with misinformation, which is false information but is not deliberate. "Fake news" has sometimes been categorized as a type of disinformation, but scholars have advised not using these two terms interchangeably or using "fake news" altogether in academic writing since politicians have weaponized it to describe any unfavorable news coverage or information.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Rumor</span> A type of unverified message or account

A rumor, or rumour, is "a tall tale of explanations of events circulating from person to person and pertaining to an object, event, or issue in public concern."

Mass communication is the process of imparting and exchanging information through mass media to large population segments. It utilizes various forms of media as technology has made the dissemination of information more efficient. Primary examples of platforms utilized and examined include journalism and advertising. Mass communication, unlike interpersonal communication and organizational communication, focuses on particular resources transmitting information to numerous receivers. The study of mass communication is chiefly concerned with how the content and information that is being mass communicated persuades or affects the behavior, attitude, opinion, or emotion of people receiving the information.

Misinformation is incorrect or misleading information. It differs from disinformation, which is deliberately deceptive and propagated information. Rumors are information not attributed to any particular source, and so are unreliable and often unverified, but can turn out to be either true or false. However, definitions of the terms might vary between cultural contexts. Even if later retracted, misinformation can continue to influence actions and memory.

John Fiske was a media scholar and cultural theorist who taught around the world. His primary areas of intellectual interest included cultural studies, critical analysis of popular culture, media semiotics, and television studies.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Duncan McCargo</span> British academic (born 1963)

Duncan McCargo is a British academic who is serving as director of the Nordic Institute of Asian Studies and Professor of Political Science at the University of Copenhagen. He is currently a visiting professor in the School of Politics and International Studies at the University of Leeds, where he was a faculty member from 1993 to 2020. Between 2015 and 2019 he held a shared appointment at Columbia University, where he was a Visiting Professor of Political Science and taught every spring semester. McCargo is also a visiting scholar at the Weatherhead East Asian Institute, Columbia University, and an associate fellow of the New-York-based Asia Society.

Radicalization is the process by which an individual or a group comes to adopt increasingly radical views in opposition to a political, social, or religious status quo. The ideas of society at large shape the outcomes of radicalization. Radicalization can result in both violent and nonviolent action – academic literature focuses on radicalization into violent extremism (RVE) or radicalisation leading to acts of terrorism. Multiple separate pathways can promote the process of radicalization, which can be independent but are usually mutually reinforcing.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Political communication</span> Subfield of communication and political science

Political communication is a subfield of communication and political science that is concerned with how information spreads and influences politics, policy makers, the news media, and citizens. Since the advent of the World Wide Web, the amount of data to analyze has exploded and researchers are shifting to computational methods to study the dynamics of political communication. In recent years, machine learning, natural language processing, and network analysis have become key tools in the subfield. It deals with the production, dissemination, procession and effects of information, both through mass media and interpersonally, within a political context. This includes the study of the media, the analysis of speeches by politicians, those that are trying to influence the political process, and the formal and informal conversations among members of the public, among other aspects. The media acts as a bridge between government and public. Political communication can be defined as the connection concerning politics and citizens and the interaction modes that connect these groups to each other. Whether the relationship is formed by the modes of persuasion, Pathos, Ethos or Logos.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Daniel Dayan</span> French social scientist

Daniel Dayan is a French social scientist born in 1943. A fellow of the Marcel Mauss Institute at Ecole des Hautes Etudes en Sciences Sociales, and of the Levinas European Institute, Dayan has been Director of Research in Sociology, at Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, professor of Media Theory at the Institut d'Etudes Politiques Paris and a Hans Speier Visiting Professor at the New school for Social Research.

The Consortium for Strategic Communication is a think tank at Arizona State University.

Andrew Chadwick is a British political communication researcher. His work focuses on the fields of political communication, including mobilisation, news and journalism, political engagement, and deception and misinformation. He is Professor of Political Communication at Loughborough University, where he is also director of the Online Civic Culture Centre (O3C). His latest book The Hybrid Media System: Politics and Power was released in 2013 and in a second edition in 2017.

Post-truth politics is a political culture in which the distinction between truth and falsity—as well as honesty and lying—have become a focal concern of public life, and are viewed by popular commentators and academic researchers alike as having a determinate role in how politics operates at particular points in history. It is regarded as especially being influenced by the arrival of new communication and media technologies. Popularized as a term in news media and a dictionary definition, post-truth has developed from a short-hand label for the abundance and influence of misleading or false political claims into a concept empirically studied and theorized by academic research. Oxford Dictionaries declared that its international word of the year in 2016 was "post-truth", citing a 20-fold increase in usage compared to 2015, and noted that it was commonly associated with the noun "post-truth politics".

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thomas Rid</span>

Thomas Rid is a political scientist best known for his work on the history and risks of information technology in conflict. He is Professor of Strategic Studies at the Paul H. Nitze School of Advanced International Studies. Previously he was a professor of security studies at the Department of War Studies, King's College London.

<i>The KGB and Soviet Disinformation</i> Book by Ladislav Bittman

The KGB and Soviet Disinformation: An Insider's View is a 1983 non-fiction book by Lawrence Martin-Bittman, a former intelligence officer specializing in disinformation for the Czech Intelligence Service and retired professor of disinformation at Boston University. The book is about the KGB's use of disinformation and information warfare during the Soviet Union period.

<i>Dezinformatsia</i> (book) 1984 non-fiction book

Dezinformatsia: Active Measures in Soviet Strategy is a non-fiction book about disinformation and information warfare used by the KGB during the Soviet Union period, as part of their active measures tactics. The book was co-authored by Richard H. Shultz, professor of international politics at Tufts University, and Roy Godson, professor emeritus of government at Georgetown University.

Alina Bârgăoanu is a Romanian university professor and the dean of the faculty of communication and public relations of the National University of Political Studies and Public Administration in Bucharest, of which she was the acting rector between 2012 and 2014. She is also the current chair of the board of the European Institute of Romania, a public institution that supports the government of Romania in its policy making as a member of the European Union. She is the holder of a Jean Monnet chair, and is the author or co-author of books and articles in the fields of communication, disinformation and European Union affairs.

Online youth radicalization is the action in which a young individual or a group of people come to adopt increasingly extreme political, social, or religious ideals and aspirations that reject, or undermine the status quo or undermine contemporary ideas and expressions of a state, which they may or may not reside in. Online youth radicalization can be both violent or non-violent.

Disinformation attacks involve the intentional dissemination of false information, with an end goal of misleading, confusing, or manipulating an audience. False information that is not intentionally deceptive is referred to as misinformation, although that has also been used as a catch-all term. Disinformation attacks may be executed by political, economic or individual actors to influence state or non-state entities and domestic or foreign populations. These attacks are commonly employed to reshape attitudes and beliefs, drive a particular agenda, or elicit certain actions from a target audience. Tactics include the presentation of incorrect or misleading information, the creation of uncertainty, and the undermining of both correct information and the credibility of information sources.

Vian Bakir is a professor of journalism at Bangor University in Wales in the United Kingdom who researches political communication, propaganda and national security.

The Disinformation Project is an independent, interdisciplinary and non-government New Zealand research team that has been collecting and analysing data on the causes and impact of mis- and disinformation within the country's society from the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020 through to, and beyond, the 2022 Wellington protest when the grounds of Parliament House and surrounding streets were occupied by anti-vaccine and anti-mandate groups. Research by the Project identifies how the digital world, shaped by social media platforms globally, has the potential to normalise hateful and violent ideas that some political structures have historically used to create narratives and realities which, by social exclusion and marginalisation, can control groups within a society by increasing their vulnerability to disinformation.

References

  1. "Sign in". websignon.warwick.ac.uk.
  2. "Democracy & Disinformation | KVAB". www.kvab.be.
  3. "Anja Bechmann - Research - Aarhus University". pure.au.dk.
  4. "The Committee on Soft Power and the UK's Influence - UK Parliament". Archived from the original on 2015-07-09. Retrieved 2015-07-19.
  5. "Info" (PDF). publications.parliament.uk. Retrieved 2021-04-30.
  6. "Book Award". January 30, 2015.
  7. "APSA || Awards". September 17, 2016. Archived from the original on 2016-09-17.
  8. "Media, War & Conflict". SAGE Journals.
  9. "Home | Global Policy Journal". www.globalpolicyjournal.com.