Bourne Park House | |
---|---|
Coordinates | 51°14′08″N1°07′24″E / 51.23560°N 1.12322°E |
Built | 1704 |
Listed Building – Grade I | |
Official name | Bourne Park House |
Designated | 21 September 1960 [1] |
Reference no. | 1298969 |
Listed Building – Grade II | |
Official name | Ice House at Bourne Park House |
Designated | 15 January 1986 [2] |
Reference no. | 1085727 |
Listed Building – Grade II | |
Official name | Bridge in the grounds of Bourne Park House |
Designated | 21 September 1960 [3] |
Reference no. | 1085728 |
Bourne Park House is a Queen Anne style country house on Bourne Park Road, between Bishopsbourne and Bridge near Canterbury in Kent. Built in 1701, it has been listed Grade I listed on the National Heritage List for England since 1954. [1] An 18th century red brick ice house and a bridge that spans the Nailbourne that feeds the lake in the grounds of Bourne Park are both Grade II listed. [2] [3]
Originally known as Bourne Place, the present house was commissioned by Elizabeth Aucher, the widow of Sir Anthony Aucher. Built in place of an existing building belonging to the Bourne family, it is large red brick rectangular mansion of two storeys with attic and basement and a hipped tile roof. There is a 13 bay frontage, of which the central 5 bays project surmounted by a pediment containing a Venetian window. The interior, altered in 1848, contains a good 18th-century staircase, panelling and ceilings.
The house is surrounded by parkland of which all but the adjacent 3.6 hectares (9 acres) are now separately owned. Notable features of the gardens are the 18th-century lime avenue, the yew walk and fine examples of Wellingtonia and cork oak. Some trees were lost in the storm of October 1987. There is also a private cricket ground, known historically as Bourne Paddock. [4]
Bourne Park is a site for ongoing archaeological research by the University of Cambridge. Several reports have been published to describe findings which include both archaeological features and artefacts. The evidence suggests usage of the area dating from the Bronze Age. The earliest artefact found is an Iron Age silver coin and there have been numerous findings associated with Roman Britain. [5]
Lady Aucher built and maintained the house during the minority of her only son, Sir Hewitt Aucher, Bt, passing it over to him in 1708. He left it to his elder sister, from whom it passed by marriage to the Beckingham family. After spending the night in nearby Canterbury, Leopold Mozart, his wife Anna Maria, and their children Maria Anna and Wolfgang Amadeus, spent the last week of July 1765 at the house as part of the English leg of their European grand tour before their departure for the Hague. [6] The Mozarts were visiting Sir Horatio Mann, Bt. who had leased the house. Mann was an avid cricketer and a number of top-class cricket matches were held between 1766 and 1790 at the Bourne Paddock ground which he built in the park. In 1844 it was sold to Matthew Bell (1817-1903), in 1927 to Major Sir John Prestige.
The poet and architectural critic John Betjeman listed Bourne Park as one of the "casualty list of attractive English buildings to be destroyed" in his 'City and Suburban' column in The Spectator in February 1956. [7] A 1965 article in Country Life described the estate as possessing 57 acres, and noted Prestige's extensive renovations, but said that the house had been "unoccupied in recent years and now needs to be restored and modernised". [8] It was sold in the 1960s to Richard Neame who sold the house to a monastic community in 1976. It was subsequently sold c.1982 to Lady Juliet Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, then wife of Somerset de Chair, MP and now of Christopher Tadgell. [9]
The house is home to the Fitzwilliam Collection, a notable private art collection that Lady Juliet has inherited as a descendant of the Earls Fitzwilliam. The collection was formerly housed at Wentworth Woodhouse, the Fitzwilliam's former seat in South Yorkshire. [10] The collection is not on public display and pieces are rarely loaned to public collections. Among the collection are portraits by Anthony van Dyck and Joshua Reynolds and works by the equine artist George Stubbs. The collection also includes a copy of John James Audubon's monograph The Birds of America . [11] Lady Juliet's daughter, Helena (née de chair) is married to the Conservative politician Jacob Rees-Mogg. He proposed to her in front of one of the six Van Dyck paintings at the house. [12]
Wentworth Woodhouse is a Grade I listed country house in the village of Wentworth, in the Metropolitan Borough of Rotherham in South Yorkshire, England. It is currently owned by the Wentworth Woodhouse Preservation Trust. The building has more than 300 rooms, with 250,000 square feet (23,000 m2) of floorspace, including 124,600 square feet (11,580 m2) of living area, and was – until it ceased to be privately owned – often listed as the largest private residence in the United Kingdom. It covers an area of more than 2.5 acres (1.0 ha), and is surrounded by a 180-acre (73 ha) park, and an estate of 15,000 acres (6,100 ha).
The Fitzwilliam Museum is the art and antiquities museum of the University of Cambridge. It is located on Trumpington Street opposite Fitzwilliam Street in central Cambridge. It was founded in 1816 under the will of Richard FitzWilliam, 7th Viscount FitzWilliam (1745–1816), and comprises one of the best collections of antiquities and modern art in western Europe. With over half a million objects and artworks in its collections, the displays in the museum explore world history and art from antiquity to the present. The treasures of the museum include artworks by Monet, Picasso, Rubens, Vincent van Gogh, Renoir, Rembrandt, Cézanne, Van Dyck, and Canaletto, as well as a winged bas-relief from Nimrud. Admission to the public is always free.
Virginia Water is a commuter village in the Borough of Runnymede in northern Surrey, England. It is home to the Wentworth Estate and the Wentworth Club. The area has much woodland and occupies a large minority of the Runnymede district. Its name is shared with the lake on its western boundary within Windsor Great Park. Virginia Water has excellent transport links with London–Trumps Green and Thorpe Green touch the M3, Thorpe touches the M25, and Heathrow Airport is 7 miles (11 km) northeast.
Earl Fitzwilliam was a title in both the Peerage of Ireland and the Peerage of Great Britain held by the head of the Fitzwilliam family.
Bishopsbourne is a mostly rural and wooded village and civil parish in Kent, England. It has two short developed sections of streets at the foot of the Nailbourne valley 4 miles (6 km) south-east of Canterbury and centred 9 miles (14 km) from Dover. The settlement of Pett Bottom is included in the civil parish.
Lord Frederick William Charles Nicholas Wentworth Hervey was a British aristocrat and political activist. He was the second son of the 6th Marquess of Bristol, but the only child by his second wife, the heiress Lady Juliet Wentworth-Fitzwilliam. As his elder half-brother was unmarried, he was heir presumptive to the Marquessate. At Yale University, he founded the Rockingham Club, a society for aristocracy and royalty. He died in 1998.
Charles William Wentworth Fitzwilliam, 5th Earl Fitzwilliam in the peerage of Ireland, and 3rd Earl Fitzwilliam in the peerage of Great Britain, was a British nobleman and politician. He was president three times of the Royal Statistical Society in 1838–1840, 1847–1849, and 1853–1855; and president of the British Association for the Advancement of Science in its inaugural year (1831–2).
Bourne Paddock was a cricket ground at Bourne Park House, the seat of Sir Horatio Mann, at Bishopsbourne around 4 miles (6.4 km) south-east of Canterbury in the English county of Kent. It was a venue for first-class cricket matches from 1766 to 1790.
Vaucluse House is a heritage-listed residence, colonial farm and country estate and now tourist attraction, house museum and public park, formerly the home of statesman William Charles Wentworth and his family. It is located at 69a Wentworth Road, Vaucluse in the Municipality of Woollahra local government area of New South Wales, Australia. Completed between 1803 and 1839 in the Gothic Revival style, its design was attributed to W. C. Wentworth and built by Sir Henry Browne Hayes and W. C. Wentworth. The property is owned by the Historic Houses Trust of New South Wales, an agency of the Government of New South Wales. The site was added to the New South Wales State Heritage Register on 2 April 1999.
Sir Anthony Aucher, 1st Baronet was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1660. He supported the Royalist cause during the English Civil War.
William "Billy" Charles de Meuron Wentworth-Fitzwilliam, 7th Earl Fitzwilliam,, styled Viscount Milton from 1877 to 1902, was a British Army officer, nobleman, politician, and aristocrat.
Stalisfield is a village in the borough of Swale in Kent, England, located on a secondary road about 1½ miles (2.4 km) north of Charing and 5 miles south west of Faversham. The parish includes the hamlet of Stalisfield Green.
Milton Hall near Peterborough, is the largest private house in Cambridgeshire, England. As part of the Soke of Peterborough, it was formerly in Northamptonshire. It dates from 1594, being the historical home of the Fitzwilliam family, and is situated in an extensive park in which some original oak trees from an earlier Tudor deer park survive. The house is a Grade I listed building; the garden is Grade II*.
Bourne Cricket Club was based at Bishopsbourne, near Canterbury in Kent, and played several major matches in the 18th century when it was one of the teams which effectively represented Kent as a county. Its home venue was Bourne Paddock. Bourne was patronised by Sir Horatio Mann, owner of the Bourne Park House estate, and was in reality his own private club. When Sir Horatio relocated to Dandelion, near Margate, the Bourne club ceased to exist.
Somerset Struben de Chair was an English author, politician, and poet. He edited several volumes of the memoirs of Napoleon.
Lady Ann Juliet Dorothea Maud Tadgell, previously Marchioness of Bristol, is a British heiress, race horse breeder, and landowner. She consistently appears on the Sunday Times Rich List with an estimated net worth of £45 million, based on family assets she inherited in 1948.
Omar Ramsden (1873–1939) was an English silversmith. He was one of England's leading designers and makers of silverware. He lived on Fir Street in Walkley, Sheffield, Yorkshire, but spent his entire career working in London.
Sir Robert Hatton was an English landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons at various times between 1621 and 1642. He supported the Royalist cause in the English Civil War.
East Kent and West Kent were titles sometimes given to two cricket teams from their respective areas of the English county of Kent which generally played in matches prior to the foundation of the official Kent County Cricket Club in the mid 19th century. West Kent teams have been recorded from 1705, but there is no known record of an East Kent team until 1781. There were seven major matches from 1781 to 1790 in which teams of this type faced each other, although there is doubt about the match titles with sources using different team names.
Christopher Ernest Tadgell is a British scholar of architectural history. He taught for over thirty years, and following retirement continues to research, photograph, and write about architecture.
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