Bradfield Combust | |
---|---|
All Saints Church | |
Location within Suffolk | |
Civil parish | |
District | |
Shire county | |
Region | |
Country | England |
Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
Post town | Bury St Edmunds |
Postcode district | IP30 |
Bradfield Combust (or Burnt Bradfield [1] ) is a village and former manor and civil parish, now in the parish of Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield, the West Suffolk district, in Suffolk, England, located on the A134 between Windsor Green and Great Whelnetham. In 1961 the parish had a population of 108. [2] In 1988 the parish was merged with Stanningfield to form "Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield". [3]
According to Swedish Professor of English at Lund University, Eilert Ekwall, the meaning of the village name of "Bradfield" is "the wide fold" (syn. Bradefeld, Bradfelda, Bradefelda). "Combust" is derived from "Combusta" Latin fem. = burnt or burned; medieval syn. "Brent".[ citation needed ]
Before the Conquest, the manor was probably owned by Ulfketel, Saxon King of the East Angles, who gave this part of his manor to the monks of St. Edmund, while reserving the lordship. [4]
The Domesday Book records the population of Bradefelda manor, including Bradfield St Clare and Bradfield St George. Bradefelda/fella existed before the Conquest. The book states that then (i.e. before the Conquest), as in 1066, there were fifteen villans and eighteen bordars; 'then' one slave, and in 1086 six slaves; and three free men. Over these men St. Edmund (the Abbey of Edmund the Martyr) had sake and soke with regard to every customary due. They were not allowed to sell their lands without the Abbot's permission. In the same place (i.e. Bradfield) other men had more rights: there were in 1086, as before the Conquest, nine free men who could sell their lands but the soke and service belonged to the Abbey or anyone who purchased the land. The Book also records that the church of this 'vill' owned 10.5 acres (4.2 ha) of free land for alms.
The name Bradfield Combust is traditionally said to have derived from an incident in the autumn of 1327, when an angry mob burned down Bradfield Hall at Bradfield, [5] at the time the property of the Crown (a young Edward III) and managed by the Abbot of Bury St Edmunds. However, it is reliably asserted that a Bradfield Hall (the King's own hall) inside the Abbey [6] at Bury St Edmunds was burnt down during that insurrection. [7] [8] Thus there were two Bradfield Halls and there arose a debate as to the naming of the village, and the circumstances surrounding it. The settlement is certainly known to have been called 'Bradefeld Combusta' in 1302/03. [9] Thus the naming of the village cannot originally have been associated with the 1327 insurrection. It is reasonable however, to deduce that the name of Bradfield Combust (appearing certainly in the early 14th century, and in the 15th century synonymous with Brent Bradfield or Burnt Bradfield [10] [11] ) does derive from some conflagration – but of what, when prior to 1302, and exactly where, is unknown.
Bradfield Hall at Bradfield Combust is perhaps best known from the 17th century as the seat of the Young family, spanning several generations (from 1620 to the early 20th century) and famous heads of the household. The most eminent member was Arthur Young (1741–1820), an agriculturalist and great socio-political writer and campaigner for the rights of agricultural workers. [12] This Arthur Young entertained or corresponded with such notable people as William Wilberforce, George Washington, Edmund Burke, François Alexandre Frédéric, duc de la Rochefoucauld-Liancourt, and Joseph Priestley. According to Matilda Betham-Edwards, never perhaps had been seen in Suffolk such distinguished international gatherings. The present flint and brick Hall was built in 1857 on the exact site of its predecessor, by his son Arthur John Young. It lies adjacent to a square moated area, possibly modified to make it more impressive when the 1857 Hall was built beside it, [13] but of antiquity.
The current village sits astride the on the A134, originally a Roman Road just here, and the same highway that Will Kempe (one of the co-founders of the Globe Theatre) took in Shakespearian times on his famous dance from London to Norwich.
Bradfield Combust Methodist Church was founded in 1867. [14]
The Manger public house is a 15th-century Grade II listed building with 16th- and 17th-century alterations. It was referred to as "Bradfield Manger" [15] in the will of Thomas Roberson dated 16 July 1660. It is a popular pub and restaurant and a handy meeting place for clubs and special-interest groups.
The village is the site of several commercial fruit orchards and strawberry fields. Suffolk Scouts operate the Bradfield Park Campsite for the benefit of Scouting, Guiding, Educational and Youth Organisations. [16]
The church, All Saints, is officially dated 1066–1539, [17] with a late 12th-century Norman font and doorway to the north of the nave. It is a Grade II* listed building. [18] Two wall paintings appear in the nave, one representing St. George and the Dragon (c. 1400), and the other St. Christopher. [19] The tomb of Arthur Young, in the form of a sarcophagus, lies in the churchyard and is designated a National Monument. [20] [21] It is inscribed "Let every real patriot shed a tear, For genius, talent, worth, lie buried here."
English Heritage lists the following listed buildings within Bradfield Combust.
N.B. The above property details represent the names and addresses that were used at the time that the buildings were listed. In some instances the name of the building may have changed over the intervening years.
The parish contained various historic estates including:
Bury St Edmunds, commonly referred to locally as Bury, is a historic market and cathedral town and civil parish in Suffolk, England. The town is best known for Bury St Edmunds Abbey and St Edmundsbury Cathedral. Bury is the seat of the Diocese of St Edmundsbury and Ipswich of the Church of England, with the episcopal see at St Edmundsbury Cathedral.
Troston is a village and civil parish in the English county of Suffolk.
Alpheton is a village and civil parish in the Babergh district of Suffolk, England. Located on the A134 road about six miles north of Sudbury, in 2005 it had a population of 260, reducing to 256 at the 2011 Census. According to Eilert Ekwall the meaning of the village name is the homestead of Aelfled.
Assington is a village in Suffolk, England, 4 miles (6.4 km) south-east of Sudbury. At the 2011 Census it had a population of 402, estimated at 445 in 2019. The parish includes the hamlets of Rose Green and Dorking Tye.
Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield is a civil parish about 6 miles south of Bury St Edmunds, in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England.
Bradfield St. Clare is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England. According to Eilert Ekwall, the meaning of the village name is "the wide field". The Domesday Book records the population of Bradfield St. Clare in 1086 to be 76; this includes Bradfield Combust and Bradfield St George. The village is about six miles south of Bury St Edmunds. The village includes the historic Anglican Church of St Clare, Bradfield.
Bradfield St. George is a village and civil parish in the West Suffolk district of Suffolk, England, about 6 miles (9.7 km) south of Bury St Edmunds.
Newton, also known as Newton Green to distinguish it from Nowton near Bury St Edmunds, and Old Newton near Stowmarket, is a small village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. Part of Babergh district, it is located on the A134 between Sudbury and Colchester, around three miles from the former.
Lawshall is a village and civil parish in Suffolk, England. Located around a mile off the A134 between Bury St Edmunds and Sudbury, it is part of Babergh district. The parish has nine settlements comprising the three main settlements of The Street, Lambs Lane and Bury Road along with the six small hamlets of Audley End, Hanningfield Green, Harrow Green, Hart's Green, Hibb's Green and Lawshall Green.
Stanningfield is a village and former civil parish, now in the parish of Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield, in the West Suffolk district of the county of Suffolk, England. The village lies just off of the A134 road, about 5 miles (8 km) south-east of Bury St Edmunds, 5 miles/8 km north-west of Lavenham, and 10 miles/16 km north of Sudbury. In 1961 the parish had a population of 211.
Coldham Hall is a Grade I listed building, built in 1574, that is located in the parish of Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield in Suffolk. The Hall is very close to the village of Lawshall, and part of the Coldham estate is located within this parish.
The Parish Church of All Saints' Lawshall, is an Anglican church in the village of Lawshall, Suffolk, England. It has been designated by English Heritage as a Grade I listed building. The church is located in between Lawshall Hall and All Saints CEVCP Primary School. The church is in the process of joining the Chadbrooke benefice, whose Rector is Revd Matthew Lawson.
Lawshall Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Lawshall in the Babergh district in the county of Suffolk, England. It is located east of Hibb's Green and is less than half a mile off the A134 between Bury St Edmunds and Sudbury.
Hart's Green is a hamlet in the civil parish of Lawshall in the Babergh District in the county of Suffolk, England. It is located between Stanningfield and Hanningfield Green and is just over a mile off the A134 between Bury St Edmunds and Sudbury. The road that serves Hart's Green is known as Donkey Lane.
Bury Road, Lawshall is a linear settlement in the civil parish of Lawshall in the Babergh district in the county of Suffolk, England. The northern part of the settlement is in the civil parish of Bradfield Combust with Stanningfield in West Suffolk. Bury Road is located between Hawstead and Lambs Lane / The Glebe and is two miles off the A134 between Bury St Edmunds and Sudbury.
The Street is a linear settlement in the civil parish of Lawshall in the Babergh district in the county of Suffolk, England. It extends from Lawshall Hall in the west to Donkey Lane in the east. The settlement includes Swanfield, east of the Swan Public House and the small residential development of Hall Mead which is opposite All Saints Church.
Lambs Lane is a nuclear settlement in the civil parish of Lawshall in the Babergh district in the county of Suffolk, England. In addition to Lambs Lane, the settlement includes The Glebe, Shepherds Drive, Windsor Drive, Churchill Close and Rectory Corner. Melford Road is partly within Lambs Lane and Golden Lane is to the west of the settlement.
West Suffolk District is a local government district in Suffolk, England. It was established in 2019 as a merger of the previous Forest Heath District with the Borough of St Edmundsbury. The council is based in Bury St Edmunds, the district's largest town. The district also contains the towns of Brandon, Clare, Haverhill, Mildenhall and Newmarket, along with numerous villages and surrounding rural areas.
Thingoe South Division is an electoral division in Suffolk which returns one county councillor to Suffolk County Council. It is made up of the villages surrounding the Southern half of Bury St Edmunds and consists of the West Suffolk council wards of Barrow, Horringer, and Rougham along with parts of Moreton Hall, Whepstead & Wickhambrook, and Chedburgh & Chevington.
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