Denmark competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 31 competitors, 27 men and 4 women, took part in 25 events in 10 sports.
New Zealand at the 1956 Summer Olympics was represented by a team of 53 competitors and 12 officials. Selection of the team for the Games in Melbourne, Australia, was the responsibility of the New Zealand Olympic and British Empire Games Association. New Zealand's flagbearer at the opening ceremony was Ritchie Johnston. The New Zealand team finished 16th on the medal table, winning a total of two medals, both of which were gold.
Chile at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia was the nation's tenth appearance out of thirteen editions of the Summer Olympic Games. The nation was represented by a team of 33 athletes, 31 males and 2 females, that competed in 22 events in 8 sports. This edition marked Chile's 4 through 7 medals, two each in the silver and bronze categories.
Canada competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 92 competitors, 77 men and 15 women, took part in 81 events in 14 sports.
Athletes from the Federal People's Republic of Yugoslavia competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. As a partial support to the Dutch-led boycott, Yugoslav athletes under the Olympic flag instead of the national flag. 35 competitors, 32 men and 3 women, took part in 16 events in 8 sports.
France competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 137 competitors, 119 men and 18 women, took part in 95 events in 15 sports.
Sweden competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, with the exception of the equestrian events, which could not be held in Australia due to quarantine regulations. Instead, those events were held five months earlier in Stockholm, Sweden.
Germany was represented at the 1956 Summer Olympics by a United Team of Germany of athletes from the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG) and, for the first time at Summer Games, also from East Germany which had not joined in 1952. Also, the Saarland athletes who had to enter as a separate team in 1952 could now join in even though the accession of their state was not yet in effect. Thus, this was the only Olympic team ever to comprise athletes from three German states.
Austria competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 29 competitors, 24 men and 5 women, took part in 33 events in 11 sports.
Italy competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 129 competitors, 114 men and 15 women, took part in 76 events in 13 sports. As the country hosted the next Olympics in Rome, the flag of Italy was hoisted at the closing ceremony.
Hungary competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia, and Stockholm, Sweden. 108 competitors, 88 men and 20 women, took part in 80 events in 12 sports.
Finland competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 64 competitors, 63 men and 1 woman, took part in 62 events in 14 sports.
Czechoslovakia competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. 63 competitors, 51 men and 12 women, took part in 54 events in 10 sports.
Poland competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. 64 competitors, 49 men and 15 women, took part in 48 events in 9 sports.
Greece competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia. Greek athletes have competed in every Summer Olympic Games. Thirteen competitors, all men, took part in thirteen events in five sports.
Japan competed at the 1956 Summer Olympics in Melbourne, Australia and Stockholm, Sweden. 110 competitors, 94 men and 16 women, took part in 71 events in 13 sports.
Brazil competed at the 1948 Summer Olympics in London, United Kingdom. 70 competitors, 59 men and 11 women, took part in 41 events in 11 sports. A Brazilian medal was won for the first time since the country's debut at the 1920 Summer Olympics, with a bronze by the men's basketball team. With seven consecutive victories, the basketball team only lost in the semifinals, against France. In the dispute for bronze, the team coached by Moacir Daiuto beat Mexico by 52 to 47, guaranteeing the first medal ever won by Brazilians not only in Basketball as also in a team sport.
Brazil competed at the 1952 Summer Olympics in Helsinki, Finland. 97 competitors, 92 men and 5 women, took part in 51 events in 14 sports. Brazil won three medals at the 1952 Summer Olympics. Brazil won its first gold medal since its debut at the 1920 Summer Olympics.
Brazil competed at the 1960 Summer Olympics in Rome, Italy. 72 competitors, 71 men and 1 woman, took part in 35 events in 14 sports. Brazilians obtained two bronze medals in Rome. The swimmer Manuel dos Santos was a bronze medalist in men's 100 metre freestyle. The men's basketball team also won the bronze medal. Flagbearer and defending two-time Olympic champion Adhemar Ferreira da Silva could not repeat his performance and placed fourteenth in the triple jump,
The men's coxed four competition at the 1956 Summer Olympics took place at Lake Wendouree, Ballarat, Australia. It was held from 23 to 27 November and was won by the team from Italy. There were 10 boats from 10 nations, with each nation limited to a single boat in the event. Italy had previously won this event in 1928, tying Switzerland for second-most wins among nations. Sweden (silver) and Finland (bronze) each won their first medal in the men's coxed four. Switzerland had its three-Games silver-medal streak broken, without a Swiss crew competing.
