Bruges Public Library

Last updated

The Bruges Public Library is a public library in Bruges, Belgium.

Contents

Since its foundation in 1796 the Public Library of Bruges has functioned both as a public library and a special collections library. The core of the special collections consists of ca. 600 medieval manuscripts, ca. 70 incunables, and the library and archives of the poet Guido Gezelle (1830-1899). The largest portion of medieval manuscripts are the ca. 490 manuscripts from the Cistercian abbeys of Ten Duinen (°1138) and Ter Doest (°1175), which include a large set of illuminated manuscripts produced in Flanders. Another important part of the collection are the ca. 70 illuminated books of hours from, among others, Flanders, the Netherlands and France. The incunable collection includes woodcuts and engravings, e.g. in Colard Mansion's Metamorphoses and Hartmann Schedel's Liber chronicarum. The special collections include works by artists like Willem Vrelant, the Master of Guillebert de Metz, the Master of the Tall Figures (Beaufort Group), Hieronymus and Antonius Wierix, and Michael Wolgemut. Most of the books from the special collection are digitalised and can be consulted online through the library’s catalogue. [1]

History

The public library of Bruges manages one of the most important collections of manuscripts, incunables and historical journals in Flanders. In 2011 the library received the licence of recognized heritage library by the Flemish Community. The core of the collection stems from library of the former Cistercian abbeys of Ten DuinenKoksijde, 1128) and Ter DoestLissewege, 1175). In 1804 the city of Bruges was entrusted with the conservation and management of the collection of both abbeys after they were confiscated by French revolutionaries under the authority of Napoleon. The extensive collection was moved to the Gothic Hall of the City Hall. The library was later relocated to the Jan Van Eyck square in 1883 due to a lack of space in the City Hall. In 1986 the library was moved to the Kuiperstraat, where it still is to this day.

Public Library

The public library of Bruges has twelve branches spread across the city and its neighbourhoods, with Biekorf being the main library. The different branches are located in:

According to the annual report from 2019, the main library and its branches lent nearly one million books to its more than 500,000 visitors. The library also organises lectures and workshops for different age groups. [2]

Special Collections Library

The core of the special collections consists of ca. 600 medieval manuscripts, ca. 70 incunables, and the library and archives of the poet Guido Gezelle (1830-1899). The Bruges Public Library preserves 798 manuscripts in total, of which 576 are medieval and 222 are post-medieval. The largest portion of medieval manuscripts are the ca. 490 manuscripts from the Cistercian abbeys of Ten Duinen (°1138) and Ter Doest (°1175). Another important subcollection are the ca. 70 illuminated Books of Hours from, among others, Flanders, the Netherlands and France, and medieval copies of urban chronicles, e.g. the Excellente kroniek van Vlaanderen. Not all manuscripts are property of the Bruges Public Library, 31 manuscripts of the Stichting van Caloen and one manuscript of the King Baudouin Foundation are in long-term deposit at the library. The Bruges Public Library does not only preserve the manuscripts, it also participates in Mmmonk and ARMA, two projects with the aim to digitalise the manuscripts so that they are accessible to a larger public. These manuscripts are not the only old texts preserved in the library, there also is a collection of incunabula and rare books. The focus is on old prints, which originate from Bruges. The eye-catchers in this collection are the incunabula from the Flemish printer Colard Mansion (1476-1484). To this day, the Bruges Public Library is still acquiring old prints, in order to achieve the ultimate goal: collecting the entire Bruges book production and offering it to the public.

Another important collection is the Guido Gezelle Archives and Library. The Gezelle Archive contains some 10,000 items including more than 2000 poetry manuscripts from his own hand. The other items are mostly letters; Gezelle’s letter collection is very extensive and the library has about 7600 letters. In addition to his own manuscripts and his letters, the Gezelle Library preserves some 1000 books from Gezelle’s private library. This contains mostly linguistic, religious and didactic books, as well as books on Germanic and alien folklore. A large part of this collection has already been digitalised, and is accessible from home. [3]

The Bruges Public Library also has a large collection of historical newspapers. The oldest preserved newspaper is the Nieuwe Tijdinghen , which appeared from 1637 until 1645 and was printed in Bruges by Nicolas Breyghel. The next newspaper was the Vaderlandsch Nieuwsblad (1792-1793), followed by the Brugsche Gazette (1795-1796) and the Gazette van Brugge (1797-1919). Bruges had a very rich press in the 19th and the first half of the 20th century. Besides many single issues, the collection of the Public Library contains 64 titles and more than half a million pages, most of which can be consulted online. [4]

In addition to these main collections, ten smaller collections, originally private collections of Bruges citizens, were transferred to the Bruges Public Library in the course of the 20th century. These are the Fonds Cuvelier, the Fonds voor Maritieme Geschiedenis en Visserij, the Fonds Decoene, the Fonds de Giey, the Fonds De Zeine, the Fonds Dochy, the Fonds Engels klooster, the Fonds English, the Fonds Kring Zeevaart en Overzeese belangen and the Fonds Mertens.

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ghent</span> City in East Flanders, Belgium

Ghent is a city and a municipality in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is the capital and largest city of the East Flanders province, and the third largest in the country, exceeded in size only by Brussels and Antwerp. It is a port and university city.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Royal Library of the Netherlands</span> National Library of the Netherlands

The Royal Library of the Netherlands is the national library of the Netherlands, based in The Hague, founded in 1798. The KB collects everything that is published in and concerning the Netherlands, from medieval literature to today's publications. About 7 million publications are stored in the stockrooms, including books, newspapers, magazines and maps. The KB also offers many digital services, such as the national online Library, Delpher and The Memory. Since 2015, the KB has played a coordinating role for the network of the public library. The KB's collection of websites as hosted by the former Dutch internet provider XS4ALL is on the Unesco documentary world heritage memory of the world. It is the first web collection in the world that has been granted this status.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Louis de Gruuthuse</span> Flemish courtier, bibliophile, soldier and nobleman

Louis de Bruges, Lord of Gruuthuse, Prince of Steenhuijs, Earl of Winchester, was a Flemish courtier, bibliophile, soldier and nobleman. He was awarded the title of Earl of Winchester by King Edward IV of England in 1472, and was Stadtholder of Holland and Zeeland 1462–77.

Thomas Fabri was a composer from the Southern Netherlands (Flanders), who worked during the early 15th century.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Alice of Schaerbeek</span>

Alice of Schaerbeek, was a Cistercian laysister who is venerated as the patron saint of the blind and paralyzed. Her feast day is 15 June.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Thorfinn of Hamar</span>

Thorfinn of Hamar was the Bishop of the Ancient Diocese of Hamar in medieval Norway.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Michiel de Swaen</span>

Michiel de Swaen was a surgeon and a rhetorician from the Southern Netherlands.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Colard Mansion</span> 15th-century Flemish printer

Colard Mansion was a 15th-century Flemish scribe and printer who worked together with William Caxton. He is known as the first printer of a book with copper engravings, and as the printer of the first books in English and French.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Bruges</span> City in the Flemish part of Belgium

Bruges is the capital and largest city of the province of West Flanders in the Flemish Region of Belgium, in the northwest of the country, and the sixth-largest city of the country by population.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ter Doest Abbey</span>

Ter Doest Abbey was a Cistercian abbey in Belgium, in the present Lissewege, a district of Bruges, West Flanders.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Willem van Saeftinghe</span>

Willem van Saeftinghe was a lay brother in the Cistercian abbey of Ter Doest in Lissewege, West Flanders, Belgium. He fought at the Battle of the Golden Spurs, and became a Flemish folk hero.

The following is a timeline of the history of the municipality of Bruges, Belgium.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ten Duinen Abbey</span>

Ten Duinen Abbey or the Abbey of the Dunes was a Cistercian monastery at Koksijde in what is now Belgium. It was one of the richest and most influential religious institutions in the medieval County of Flanders. It later relocated to the city of Bruges.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karel de Visch</span>

Carolus or Karel de Visch (1596–1666) was a Cistercian bibliographer, and prior of Ten Duinen Abbey.

Gerard Isaäc Lieftinck, known in print as G.I. Lieftinck, was a Dutch academic specialising in medieval European manuscripts.

Jan Van der Weyden, Latinized Johannes de Pascuis, was a monk of the Cistercian Abbey of Dunes in the County of Flanders who studied at the University of Paris, graduating Licentiate of Sacred Theology in 1456. After his studies he returned to Flanders with two precious manuscripts – Expositio Origenis in Matheum and Policraticus Iohannis Salabriensis de nugis curialium – both of which are now in Bruges City Library.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Andreas van den Bogaerde van Terbrugge</span>

Andreas Johannes Ludovicus baron van den Bogaerde van Terbrugge was a Dutch nobleman, politician, author and art collector. He served as Governor of North Brabant between 1830 and 1842.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Raphael de Mercatellis</span> Book collector from Flanders (1437–1508)

Raphael de Mercatellis, also known as Raphael of Burgundy, was a church official, imperial counsellor and bibliophile. He was the illegitimate son of Duke Philip the Good of Burgundy and a woman of Venetian origins, the wife of a merchant. He was born in Bruges. While pursuing a career within the Catholic church, and particularly after becoming abbot of Saint Bavo's Abbey in Ghent, he assembled a collection of lavish illuminated and decorated manuscripts. The library he created is of historical importance as the earliest library in the Low Countries containing a significant number of Renaissance humanist books. Sixty-five books from his library have been traced to collections worldwide, making it an unusually intact medieval book collection attributable to a single owner.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Johannes Crabbe</span> Roman Catholic abbot

Johannes Crabbe was abbot of Ten Duinen Abbey in present-day Belgium, an imperial counsellor and bibliophile.

References

  1. "Startpagina | Bibliotheek Brugge". brugge.bibliotheek.be. Retrieved 2022-05-09.
  2. "Jaarverslag 2019 Openbare Bibliotheek Brugge". Jaarverslag Biekorf.
  3. Gezelle.be

Coordinates: 51°12′36″N3°13′22″E / 51.2099°N 3.2228°E / 51.2099; 3.2228