Burmese general election, 1925

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Burmese general election, 1925
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←  1922 17 November 1925 1928  →
80 (out of 130) seats in the Legislative Council
Turnout16%
Myanmar
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Elections to the Legislative Council were held in Burma on 17 November 1925. [1] Under the terms of the dyarchy constitution, the Legislative Council of Burma was advisory to the British colonial governor, and had some direct authority over education, local government, public health, agriculture and forests. [2] The Nationalist Party received the most votes, but was unable to form a government as the British authorities favoured the Independent Party, who formed a government led by Joseph Maung Gyi. [3]

The Legislative Council of Burma was the legislative body of British Burma from 1897 to 1936.

Nationalist Party (Burma) political party in Burma

The Nationalist Party was a political party in Burma in the 1920s led by U Pu and U Ba Pe.

Independent Party (Burma)

The Independent Party, also known as the Golden Valley Party or, was a pro-British political party in Burma during the 1920s and 1930s. Its leadership included Joseph Maung Gyi, U Khin and U May Oung.

Contents

Electoral system

The Legislative Council had 103 members, of which 80 were elected; 58 "non-communal" seats elected by a common roll, and 24 "communal" seats reserved for ethnic minorities (eight for Indians, five for Karens, one European and one Anglo-Indian) and business groups (two for the Burma Chamber of Commerce, and one each for the Burmese Chamber of Commerce, the Chinese Chamber of Commerce, the Indian Chamber of Commerce, the Rangoon Trades Association and Rangoon University). [4] A further 21 seats were appointed by the Governor (a maximum of 14 of which could be government officials) and there were also two ex officio members, the two members of the Executive Council of the Governor. [4]

Burmese Indians Ethnic community

Burmese Indians are a group of people of Indian origin who live in Burma. While Indians have lived in Burma for many centuries, most of the ancestors of the current Burmese Indian community emigrated to Burma from the start of British rule in the mid-19th century to the separation of British Burma from British India in 1937. During British times, ethnic Indians formed the backbone of the government and economy serving as soldiers, civil servants, merchants and moneylenders. A series of anti-Indian riots beginning in 1930 and mass emigration during the Japanese occupation of Burma followed by the forced expulsion of 1962 left ethnic Indians with a much reduced role in Burma.

Karen people ethnic group antho

The Karen, Kayin, Kariang or Yang people refer to a number of individual Sino-Tibetan language-speaking ethnic groups, many of which do not share a common language or culture. These Karen groups reside primarily in Kayin State, southern and southeastern Myanmar. The Karen make up approximately seven percent of the total Burmese population with approximately five million people. A large number of Karen have migrated to Thailand, having settled mostly on the Thailand–Myanmar border. Few Karens settled in Andaman and Nicobar islands India and other South-East Asian and East Asian countries.

The term Anglo-Indian can refer to at least two groups of people: those with mixed Indian and British ancestry, and people of British descent born or living in the Indian subcontinent. The latter sense is now mainly historical, but confusions can arise. The Oxford English Dictionary, for example, gives three possibilities: "Of mixed British and Indian parentage, of Indian descent but born or living in Britain or of British descent or birth but living or having lived long in India". People fitting the middle definition are more usually known as British Asian or British Indian. This article focuses primarily on the modern definition, a distinct minority community of mixed Eurasian ancestry, whose native language is English.

Campaign

The Burmese branch of the Swaraj Party led by U Toke Kyi put forward 20 candidates. [5] The Independent Party had 85 candidates, whilst there were 49 Nationalist Party candidates running. [5]

Swaraj Party (Burma) political party in Burma

The Swaraj Party was a political party in Burma in the 1920s.

Results

The Swaraj Party performed poorly, with U Toke Kyi defeated in his constituency. [6] Voter turnout was just 16%, although this marked an increase on the turnout of 6.9% in the 1922 elections. [7] This was put down to the success of elected politicians in amending controversial laws during their period in office, as well as an increase in the number of political parties. [7]

PartyVotes%Seats
Nationalist Party 25
Independent Party 20
Home Rule Party 11
Swaraj Party 9
Others15
Appointed members21
Ex officio members2
Total103
Source: Haruhiro Fukui [8]

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References

  1. ↑ "Burmese Elections. A Forecast", The Times, 18 November 1925, p13, Issue 44122
  2. ↑ Robert H. Taylor (2009). The State in Myanmar. NUS Press. p. 185. ISBN   978-9971-69-466-1 . Retrieved 24 November 2012.
  3. ↑ Here Today, Gone Tomorrow The Irrawaddy, 3 November 2009
  4. 1 2 Ganga Singh (1940) Burma Parliamentary Companion, British Burma Press, p38
  5. 1 2 "Elections In Burma. Grouping Of Parties", The Times, 13 November 1925, p11, Issue 44118
  6. ↑ "News in Brief", The Times, 25 November 1925, p15, Issue 44128
  7. 1 2 The Ghost of Elections Past [ permanent dead link ] The Irrawaday, 31 May 2010
  8. ↑ Haruhiro Fukui (1985) Political parties of Asia and the Pacific, Greenwood Press, pp106–154
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