A bone is a rigid organ that constitutes part of the skeleton in most vertebrate animals. Bones protect the various other organs of the body, produce red and white blood cells, store minerals, provide structure and support for the body, and enable mobility. Bones come in a variety of shapes and sizes and have complex internal and external structures. They are lightweight yet strong and hard and serve multiple functions.
Osteoporosis is a systemic skeletal disorder characterized by low bone mass, micro-architectural deterioration of bone tissue leading to bone fragility, and consequent increase in fracture risk. It is the most common reason for a broken bone among the elderly. Bones that commonly break include the vertebrae in the spine, the bones of the forearm, and the hip. Until a broken bone occurs there are typically no symptoms. Bones may weaken to such a degree that a break may occur with minor stress or spontaneously. After the broken bone heals, the person may have chronic pain and a decreased ability to carry out normal activities.
Rickets is a condition that results in weak or soft bones in children, and is caused by either dietary deficiency or genetic causes. Symptoms include bowed legs, stunted growth, bone pain, large forehead, and trouble sleeping. Complications may include bone deformities, bone pseudofractures and fractures, muscle spasms, or an abnormally curved spine.
Springer Science+Business Media, commonly known as Springer, is a German multinational publishing company of books, e-books and peer-reviewed journals in science, humanities, technical and medical (STM) publishing.
Google Scholar is a freely accessible web search engine that indexes the full text or metadata of scholarly literature across an array of publishing formats and disciplines. Released in beta in November 2004, the Google Scholar index includes peer-reviewed online academic journals and books, conference papers, theses and dissertations, preprints, abstracts, technical reports, and other scholarly literature, including court opinions and patents.
The Archives of Sexual Behavior is a peer-reviewed academic journal in sexology. It is the official publication of the International Academy of Sex Research.
Ipriflavone is a synthetic isoflavone which may be used to inhibit bone resorption, maintain bone density and to prevent osteoporosis in postmenopausal women. It is not used to treat osteoporosis. It slows down the action of the osteoclasts, possibly allowing the osteoblasts to build up bone mass.
Advances in Therapy is a monthly peer-reviewed medical journal covering clinical medicine, especially research on pharmaceuticals. The Managing Editor is Clare Shepherd. The journal publishes original clinical research papers and review articles. The journal was established in 1984 and published by Health Communications. Since 2008 it has been published by Springer Science+Business Media.
The Bulletin of Engineering Geology and the Environment is a peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research in the field of engineering geology. It is the official journal of the International Association for Engineering Geology and the Environment and published on their behalf by Springer Science+Business Media. According to the Journal Citation Reports, the journal has a 2020 impact factor of 4.298.
Science Bulletin is a multidisciplinary scientific journal co-sponsored by the Chinese Academy of Sciences and the National Natural Science Foundation of China. It is published by Elsevier on behalf of Science China Magazine Press (中国科学杂志社) and focuses on research in various fields of the natural sciences.
The Bulletin of Volcanology is a peer reviewed scientific journal that is published ten times per year by Springer Science+Business Media. It is the official journal of the International Association of Volcanology and Chemistry of the Earth's Interior (IAVCEI). The focus of the journal is volcanoes, volcanic products, eruptive behavior, and volcanic hazards. The Executive Editor is James DL White.
The International Journal of Primatology is a peer-reviewed academic journal that publishes original research papers on the study of primates. Articles published in the journal are drawn from a number of disciplines involved in primatological research, including anthropology, zoology, psychology, paleontology, sociology, genetics, and conservation biology.
BioControl is a peer-reviewed scientific journal published by Springer Science+Business Media covering all aspects of basic and applied research in biological control of invertebrate, vertebrate, and weed pests, and plant diseases. The journal was established in 1956 as Entomophaga and published by Lavoisier, before moving to Springer and obtaining its current name in 1998. BioControl is published bimonthly. From 1998 to 2006, Heikki Hokkannen was the editor-in-chief. The current editor-in-chief is Eric Wajnberg.
The International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), headquartered in Nyon, Switzerland, is a non-governmental organization (NGO) founded in 1998. It was formed from the merger of the European Foundation for Osteoporosis, founded in 1987, and the International Federation of Societies on Skeletal Diseases. The foundation functions as a global alliance of individuals and organizations concerned with the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis and musculoskeletal bone disease. The goal of the Foundation is to increase the early detection of osteoporosis and related musculoskeletal diseases, as well as to improve the treatment of these conditions through international collaboration among national healthcare systems and governments. The Foundation is the largest global NGO dedicated to osteoporosis and musculoskeletal diseases.
Osteoporosis International is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. The journal was launched in 1990. It is an official journal of the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the National Osteoporosis Foundation. The journal is published monthly and includes original research on all areas of osteoporosis and its related fields, alongside reviews, educational articles, and case reports.
Archives of Osteoporosis is a peer-reviewed medical journal published by Springer Science+Business Media. It was established in 2006 and is an official journal of the International Osteoporosis Foundation and the United States' National Osteoporosis Foundation. The journal is published yearly and covers the specificities of regions around the world concerning epidemiology, including reference values for bone density and bone metabolism, as well as clinical aspects of osteoporosis and other bone diseases. The current co-editors-in-chief are John Kanis and Felicia Cosman.
Vitamin K2 or menaquinone (MK) is one of three types of vitamin K, the other two being vitamin K1 (phylloquinone) and K3 (menadione). K2 is both a tissue and bacterial product (derived from vitamin K1 in both cases) and is usually found in animal products or fermented foods.
Solar System Research is a peer-reviewed scientific journal which focuses on objects in the Solar System. The journal is published by Nauka through Springer Science+Business Media. It is the English version of the Russian publication Astronomicheskii Vestnik, which was first published in 1967. The English version started in 2000 with Volume 34.
Photosynthetica is a quarterly peer-reviewed scientific journal covering research on photosynthesis. It was established in 1967 and is published by the Institute of Experimental Botany of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. The editor-in-chief is Helena Synkova. Up till 2019, the journal was published by Springer Science+Business Media.
Stem Cells is a peer-review scientific journal of cell biology. It was established as The International Journal of Cell Cloning in 1983, acquiring its current title in 1993.
