Canadian Line Materials LTD. (CLM) was a Canadian siren manufacturing company which built civil defense sirens. These sirens were built and installed all over Canada to warn residents and military about incoming nuclear attacks from the USSR during the Cold War.
Though most CLM sirens are now decommissioned or removed, a few are owned privately, with rumors about one being refurbished and put back in service in Dashwood, Ontario. [1]
Canadian Line Materials was a Canadian electrical manufacturing company which began business in 1957 as a division from McGraw-Edison in Scarborough, Toronto [2] and built electrical equipment such as lightning arresters. [3] Shortly after they began business during the Cold War, the Canadian government contacted CLM asking if they could make civil defense sirens to warn civilians and military about incoming Soviet nuclear attacks that were confirmed by NORAD. CLM accepted and began production of their sirens, installing over 1600+ sirens all over Canada. In 1985, CLM was sold to Cooper Industries, and no longer exists. [4]
Source: [5]
The CLM Model 927XXDP siren (rotational CLM) is a 10/12 port rotating electromechanical siren, with a distinctive design featuring two unique horns. The decibel rating of the model is ~130 decibels. These sirens use Lincoln Electric 5 horsepower induction motors. This model of CLM is the most well-known and recognizable warning siren made by CLM. Two models were available, the 220V 92730DP, and the 550V 92729DP. [6] The siren was a major inspiration behind the rooftop "speaker" on top of the Bluesmobile in the 1980 film The Blues Brothers. Dan Aykroyd, co-writer of the film, grew up in Ottawa, Ontario, where many of these sirens were installed. One sat outside of the elementary school he attended, which inspired him to use the design for the car's rooftop speaker. [7]
The CLM "Mailbox" siren series. These sirens are omni-directional 10/12 or 20/24 port electromechanical sirens with a design similar to the WW2 Carter siren. They are housed inside of a mailbox-style housing, earning its name. These sirens use unknown Lincoln Electric motors. The decibel rating on these model is unknown, as nobody has done a decibel rating test or nobody has heard one on full power. Most of these have been decommissioned or removed. [8] Known model numbers of these sirens are the 5563, 5263, 5223, and 5261.
The CLM omni-directional siren. The model number on this is 92763CP. It is an oddly designed 10/12 port omnidirectional electromechanical siren, with a vertical single rotor design differing from the dual rotor design of CLM's other sirens. According to a document from Nelson, British Columbia's siren system which was made up of several of these sirens, the siren was rated at 105 dB at 100 ft. All of these have been decommissioned or removed. [9]
Province | Amount of sirens installed |
---|---|
British Columbia | 336 |
Alberta | 122 |
Saskatchewan | 32 |
Manitoba | 75 |
Ontario | 552 |
National Capital Region | 61 |
Quebec | 282 |
New Brunswick | 78 |
Nova Scotia | 92 |
Prince Edward Island | 7 |
Newfoundland | 67 |
National Total | 1704 |
The Bluesmobile is a 1974 Dodge Monaco from the film The Blues Brothers. The Loudspeaker mounted atop the vehicle as a public warning siren was modelled after a CLM Model 92729DP. This specific model of siren was requested by the co-writer, Dan Aykroyd. [7]
Daniel Edward Aykroyd is a Canadian and American actor, comedian, screenwriter, producer, and musician.
A civil defense siren, also known as an air-raid siren or tornado siren, is a siren used to provide an emergency population warning to the general population of approaching danger. Initially designed to warn city dwellers of air raids during World War II, they were later used to warn of nuclear attack and natural disasters, such as tornadoes. The generalized nature of sirens led to many of them being replaced with more specific warnings, such as the broadcast-based Emergency Alert System and the Cell Broadcast-based Wireless Emergency Alerts and EU-Alert mobile technologies.
The Blues Brothers are a fictitious American blues and soul revue band founded in 1978 by comedians Dan Aykroyd and John Belushi, who met and began collaborating as original cast members of Saturday Night Live.
A long-range acoustic device (LRAD), acoustic hailing device (AHD) or sound cannon is a specialized loudspeaker that produces sound at high power for communicating at a distance. It has been used as a method of crowd control, which has caused permanent hearing damage, having an extremely high decibel capacity. Other uses have included for negotiations in siege situations to deal with piracy at sea; for mass notification during natural disasters or other emergencies; and by defense forces, including several navies.
A siren is a loud noise-making device. Civil defense sirens are mounted in fixed locations and used to warn of natural disasters or attacks. Sirens are used on emergency service vehicles such as ambulances, police cars, and fire engines. There are two general types: mechanical and electronic.
An emergency population warning is a method where by local, regional, or national authorities can contact members of the public to warn them of an impending emergency. These warnings may be necessary for a number of reasons, including:
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The Bluesmobile is a 1974 Dodge Monaco sedan that was prominently featured in the 1980 Universal Pictures film The Blues Brothers. The car is described as a decommissioned Mount Prospect police car, purchased by Elwood Blues at an auction after he had traded a previous car for a microphone. The Bluesmobile is equipped with a "440 Magnum" engine and squad car package, an option offered by Dodge for the Monaco in 1974. It bears an Illinois license plate reading "BDR 529", a tribute to the Black Diamond Riders motorcycle club of Toronto, Canada. Dan Aykroyd, co-writer of the film, stated that he chose the 440 Dodge Monaco because he considered it to be the hottest car used by police during the 1970s.
It's got a cop motor, a 440-cubic-inch plant. It's got cop tires, cop suspension, cop shocks. It's a model made before catalytic converters so it'll run good on regular gas.
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Unconventional wind turbines are those that differ significantly from the most common types in use.
The Whelen Engineering Company is an American corporation that designs and manufactures audio and visual warning equipment for automotive, aviation, and mass notification industries worldwide. Founded in a Deep River, Connecticut garage in 1952, Whelen has become a provider of warning lights, white illumination lighting, sirens, and controllers. Whelen products are designed, manufactured, and assembled in two facilities in Chester, Connecticut and Charlestown, New Hampshire.
SiraTone was a brand of electronic outdoor warning sirens produced by Federal Signal Corporation which began production in the early 1980s. These sirens were designed to broadcast high-intensity warning signals over a large area. SiraTone products are/were used for natural disaster notification, HAZMAT incident notification, fire call systems, and more. The SiraTone product line is no longer in production. The product line was succeeded by the Modulator and DSA electronic outdoor warning sirens.
American Signal Corporation (ASC) is an outdoor warning siren and mass notification company in the United States. ASC was founded in 1873 as Biersach and Niedermeyer (B&N). After performing poorly, the company reformed as Alerting Communicators of America (ACA) in 1968, and expanded the line of warning systems they produced. In 1992, ACA went bankrupt and was bought and reformed as the American Signal Corporation.
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The Public Warning System (PWS) is a network of civil defense sirens installed by the Singapore Civil Defence Force on over 2,000 strategic points in Singapore to warn Singaporeans of impending dangers, air raids and atomic bomb blasts. Thus far, the siren network has only been used for occasional public awareness drills, monthly noon chimes and for commemorating the island's Total Defence (February 15) and Civil Defence Days (September 15). It was also used to mark a minute's silence nationwide for the passing of former prime minister Lee Kuan Yew on the evening of 23 March 2015 and on 1 and 9 August 2020 to mark the first National Day at home.
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A vertical-axis wind turbine (VAWT) is a type of wind turbine where the main rotor shaft is set transverse to the wind while the main components are located at the base of the turbine. This arrangement allows the generator and gearbox to be located close to the ground, facilitating service and repair. VAWTs do not need to be pointed into the wind, which removes the need for wind-sensing and orientation mechanisms. Major drawbacks for the early designs included the significant torque ripple during each revolution, and the large bending moments on the blades. Later designs addressed the torque ripple by sweeping the blades helically. Savonius vertical-axis wind turbines (VAWT) are not widespread, but their simplicity and better performance in disturbed flow-fields, compared to small horizontal-axis wind turbines (HAWT) make them a good alternative for distributed generation devices in an urban environment.
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