Canna indica, commonly known as Indian shot, African arrowroot, edible canna, purple arrowroot, Sierra Leone arrowroot, is a plant species in the family Cannaceae. It is native to much of South America, Central America, the West Indies, Mexico, and the southeastern United States. It is also naturalized in much of Europe, sub-Saharan Africa, Southeast Asia, and Oceania. Canna indica has been a minor food crop cultivated by indigenous peoples of the Americas for thousands of years.
Canna Italian Group 'Trinacria Variegata'. The earliest mention of this cultivar is in 1927, An Amateur in an Indian Garden by S. Percy-Lancaster, F.L.S., F.R.H.S., M.R.A.S., in which it was described and referred to by this name.
Canna 'Phasion' is a medium sized Italian Group cultivar; green, bronze and pink variegated foliage, ovoid shaped, branching habit; oval stems, coloured red; clusters of flowers are open, tangerine-orange and burnt-red, staminodes are large, edges frilled, petals purple with farina, fully self-cleaning; seed is sterile, pollen is sterile; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and purple; tillering is average. Originally a spontaneous mutation, probably of Canna 'Wyoming', as it has been known to revert its foliage colour to that identical to that old cultivar. Sold in the US and elsewhere as Canna Tropicanna®, it was protected under US Plant Patent #10,569. Because the patent was issue on 1998-08-25, it has now expired and propagation is now allowed. The plant can be sold under its cultivar name Phasion.
Canna 'Florence Vaughan' is a medium Crozy Group canna cultivar; green foliage, oval shaped, branching habit; oval stems, coloured green; flowers are open, yellow with red spots, staminodes are medium size, edges regular, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules globose; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white; tillering is average. Introduced by A. Crozy, Lyon, France in 1892.
Canna 'Madame Crozy' is a medium-sized 'Crozy Group' canna cultivar; green foliage, large, ovoid shaped, branching habit; oval stems, coloured red; spikes of flowers are open, scarlet with a narrow gold margin, throat gold with vermilion spots, staminodes are medium size, edges regular, petals red, fully self-cleaning; fertile both ways, not true to type, self-pollinating; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured purple; tillering is prolific. It was introduced by A. Crozy, Lyon, France in 1890 and was named in honour of his wife. It was awarded the RHS Award of Garden Merit (AGM), in 1890.
Canna 'Bengal Tiger' is an Italian Group canna cultivar with variegated foliage; plant height 190 cm; foliage height 140 cm; upright stems and gently spreading leaves; ovoid foliage, background of green (137A); veins variegated yellow, but paler in places (13D); maroon edge to leaf; staminodes, labellum and stamen bright orange (28B) blushed a darker, reddish (32A) in places; yellow (15A) on edges; stigma deep orange-red; petals strongly flushed red. The flower has a crumpled silk appearance; seed and pollen has very low fertility levels; rhizomes thick, up to 3 cm in diameter.
Canna 'R. Wallace' is a medium sized, Crozy Group canna cultivar; green foliage, oblong shaped, white margin, spreading habit; round stems, coloured green; flowers are open, pale yellow with red spots, staminodes are large, edges regular, stamen is rose-red with small yellow flecks; fertile both ways, not self-pollinating or true to type, capsules round; rhizomes are thick, up to 3 cm in diameter, coloured white and pink.
Wilhelm Pfitzer was a German horticulturist.
Carl Ludwig Sprenger was a German botanist, born on 30 November 1846 at Güstrow, Mecklenburg and died 13 December 1917 on the island of Corfu (Kérkyra).
Star Roses and Plants/Conard-Pyle, is a horticultural products company, based in West Grove, Pennsylvania since 1855. The company introduced the Peace rose to America from Europe, and always specialized in rose production, but at one time, they were the leading Canna grower and hybridizer in the United States. Star Roses and Plants/Conard-Pyle is best known for introducing the Knock Out Family of Roses and Drift® Roses.
The elm cultivar Ulmus 'Atropurpurea' [:dark purple] was raised from seed at the Späth nursery in Berlin, Germany, circa 1881 as Ulmus montana atropurpurea, and marketed there till the 1930s. At Kew it was renamed U. glabraHuds. 'Atropurpurea', but Späth used U. montana both for wych elm and for U. × hollandica hybrids, so his name does not necessarily imply a wych elm cultivar. 'Atropurpurea' was later classed as a cultivar by Boom in Nederlandse Dendrologie 1: 157, 1959. Photographs of an U. glabra 'Atropurpurea' hedge at Wakehurst Place, England, though they show untypical 'coppice' leaves, appear to confirm that Späth's cultivar was synonymous with 'Purpurea', sometimes called U. × hollandica 'Purpurascens'.
The putative American Elm cultivar Ulmus americana 'Vase' was listed in Edition 5 of the 1949 Plant Buyers Guide. No details of provenance are available, and its status as a true cultivar is uncertain. Green regarded the tree as "..neither clonal nor a true cultivar". The tree features in the Plumfield Nurseries wholesale trade list of 1931, but without description or provenance.
The Wych Elm cultivar Ulmus glabra 'Corylifolia Purpurea' was raised from seed of 'Purpurea' and described as U. campestris corylifolia purpurea by Pynaert in 1879. An U. campestris corylifolia purpurea was distributed by the Späth nursery of Berlin in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, and by the Hesse Nursery of Weener, Germany, to the 1930s. Green listed 'Corylifolia Purpurea' as a form of U. glabra.
Canna 'Musaefolia' cultivars belong to the Foliage Group of Cannas. In the first work devoted to Canna, Le Canna - authored by M. Chaté in 1867 with the co-operation of Monsieur Théodore Année, we were provided with the first written description and details of origin. The Musaefolia members of the Foliage Group consist of a specimen that was accepted as a native species of Peru by the experts of the time, and at least 7 hybrids and cultivars carrying that parentage. The original "species" was unique because it was without rhizomes, and required to be kept constantly growing. No such species is known to exist in this age, and leading authorities treat C. musaefolia as a synonym of C. paniculata.
Théodore Année was a French horticulturist. He was a wealthy diplomatic consul in South America when he retired to France in the mid-1840s and settled in rue des Réservoirs, Passy, Paris, where he devoted himself to the culture of tropical plants from South America, having brought back with him the taste for plants with beautiful foliage, especially the Canna genus.
