The politics of Bulgaria take place in a framework of a parliamentary representative democratic republic, whereby the prime minister is the head of government, and of a multi-party system. Executive power is exercised by the government. Legislative power is vested in both the government and the National Assembly. The Judiciary is independent of the executive and the legislature.
A caretaker government, also known as a caretaker regime, is a temporary ad hoc government that performs some governmental duties and functions in a country until a regular government is elected or formed. Depending on specific practice, it consists of either randomly selected members of parliament or outgoing members until their dismissal.
In Australian political and constitutional terminology, a caretaker government is a government of Australia from when the House of Representatives is dissolved by the Governor-General prior to a general election to a period after the election, until the next ministry is appointed. A caretaker government is expected to conduct itself in accordance with a series of well-defined conventions administered by the Department of the Prime Minister and Cabinet, but there is no law compelling the caretaker government to do so.
The year 1993 saw political unrest within Pakistan as president Ghulam Ishaq Khan and prime minister Nawaz Sharif duelled for supremacy. Khan dissolved Sharif's government, only for it to be restored by a Supreme Court verdict.
Himanta Biswa Sarma is an Indian politician and lawyer serving as the 15th and current Chief Minister of Assam since 2021. A former member of the Indian National Congress, Sarma joined the Bharatiya Janata Party on 23 August 2015 and soon was made convenor of NEDA. He is a five time Member of the Assam Legislative Assembly from Jalukbari, having been elected since 2001.
Mir Hazar Khan Khoso was a Pakistani jurist who was the caretaker prime minister of Pakistan from 25 March to 5 June 2013. Khoso was a judge who previously served as the chief justice of the Federal Shariat Court and served as the caretaker prime minister ahead of the general elections scheduled in May 2013.
Parliamentary elections were held in Bulgaria on 5 October 2014 to elect the 43rd National Assembly. GERB remained the largest party, winning 84 of the 240 seats with around a third of the vote. A total of eight parties won seats, the first time since the beginning of democratic elections in 1990 that more than seven parties entered parliament. Boyko Borisov then became prime minister as head of a coalition with the Reformist Bloc and with outside support from the Patriotic Front and the Alternative for Bulgarian Revival.
Ghulam Murtaza Khan Jatoi is a Pakistani politician who served as Minister for Industries and Production, in Abbasi cabinet from August 2017 to May 2018. A former leader of the Pakistan Muslim League (Nawaz), Jatoi served as the Minister for Industries and Production in the third Sharif ministry. and previously held the cabinet portfolios of Minister for Communications during the first Sharif's ministry from 1990 to 1992, and as Minister for Overseas Pakistanis during the Second Bhutto ministry from 1993 to 1994.
Muhammad Baligh Ur Rehman is a Pakistani politician who is the former Governor of Punjab, he served in office from 30 May 2022 till 10 May 2024.
The Mazari caretaker ministry under Balakh Sher Mazari as the caretaker prime minister of Pakistan was sworn into office after the Nawaz government was overthrown on 19 April 1993 by president Ghulam Ishaq Khan. Mazari's tenure as caretaker prime minister ended abruptly on 26 May 1993 when the Supreme Court revoked the presidential order and reinstated Nawaz Sharif as the prime minister.
The North-East Democratic Alliance is a political coalition that was formed on May 24, 2016, by Bharatiya Janata Party. The motive of the new political front was to unite non-Congress parties in Northeast India. Himanta Biswa Sarma was appointed as the convenor of the front.
The Selangor State Executive Council forms the executive branch of the state government of Selangor, Malaysia. It comprises the Menteri Besar, appointed by the Sultan on the basis that he is likely to command the confidence of the majority of members of the Selangor State Legislative Assembly, and a minimum of four up to a maximum of ten members of the State Assembly. Additionally, the State Secretary, State Legal Adviser and State Financial Officer, who are civil servants that serve as exofficio members.
The first Khaleda ministry was the government of Bangladesh during the 5th and 6th legislative sessions of the Jatiya Sangsad following the 1991 Bangladeshi general election. The cabinet was formed on 20 March 1991 and but had to be sworn in again on 19 September after the 12th constitutional amendment took effect following a constitutional referendum. In accordance to the amendment, all executive powers were transferred from the president to the prime minister and thus Khaleda Zia became the first female head of government of Bangladesh. The cabinet was dissolved on 31 March 1996, when a constitutional non-partisan interim caretaker government system was introduced for the holding of general elections after the February 1996 general election conducted by the ministry was boycotted by most of the opposition.
The Second Cabinet of Cyril Ramaphosa was the cabinet of the government of South Africa between 29 May 2019 and 19 June 2024. It was formed by President Ramaphosa after the 2019 general election and dissolved after the 2024 general election. In the interim it was reshuffled twice – once in August 2021 and once in March 2023 – and augmented in size from 28 ministers to 30 ministers.
A rotation government or alternation government is one of the ways of forming of a government in a parliamentary state. It is a government that, during its term, will see the individual holding the post of prime minister switch, whether within the same political bloc or as part of a grand coalition. Israel has seen by far the most experience with such a governing arrangement. The government of Ireland is now in its second rotation agreement. Usually, this alternation is guided by constitutional convention with tactical resignation of the first officeholder to allow the second to form a new government. Israel, which established the rotation mechanism in 1984, codified it in 2020.
The Sarma ministry is the current council of ministers of the Government of Assam which has been in office since 10 May 2021. The ministry is headed by Chief Minister Himanta Biswa Sarma and consists of 16 cabinet ministers. The chief minister and 14 other ministers were sworn-in into office by Governor Jagdish Mukhi on 10 May 2021.
KP Sharma Oli was appointed Prime Minister of Nepal for a third time on 13 May 2021 by President Bidya Devi Bhandari, as a minority prime minister, as no opposition party formed a majority government or claimed it time. Citing Article 76 (3) of the constitution, Oli, leading the largest party in the House of Representatives, was re-appointed prime minister, requiring him to again prove a majority in the house within 30 days. On 22 May 2021, the House of Representatives was dissolved for the second time in 6 months by a cabinet decision followed by the approval of the President with elections on 12 and 19 November in two phases.
The Third Tarun Gogoi ministry is the third consecutive council of ministers of the Government of Assam headed by Chief Minister Tarun Gogoi between 2011 and 2016. The ministry was constituted on 30 May 2011 after Tarun Gogoi was sworn-in as the chief minister of the state for the third consecutive term after leading the Indian National Congress into victory in the assembly election. The ministry remained into force until 24 May 2016.
Early parliamentary elections are expected to be held in Bulgaria in October 2024, after all three attempts to form a government following the latest June 2024 elections failed.
