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| Type | Daily |
|---|---|
| Founder(s) | French Communist Party |
| Director of Interactive | Louis Aragon and Jean-Richard Bloch |
| Founded | 1 March 1937 |
| Political alignment | Left-wing |
| Language | French |
| Ceased publication | 28 February 1953 |
| Headquarters | Paris |
| Circulation | 260,000 (1939) |
Ce soir (English: "Tonight"), was a French daily newspaper founded by the French Communist Party and directed by Louis Aragon and Jean-Richard Bloch.
The newspaper was established on the initiative of the Communist Party general secretary Maurice Thorez in order to compete with Paris-soir . The first issue was released on 1 March 1937. The newspaper was under the direction of two famous writers, Louis Aragon who is already known for his membership in the Communist Party became director of the newly established newspaper and Jean-Richard Bloch who was a very close sympathizer of the PCF and will eventually join the party in 1939 became co-director. [1]
Although Ce soir never managed to reach the Paris soir prints, it managed to reach a circulation of 260,000 by March 1939. [2]
Among the famous contributors to the newspaper were René Arcos, Julien Benda, Jean Blanzat, Jean Cocteau, Lise Deharme, Robert Desnos, Luc Durtain, Yvette Guilbert, Francis Jourdain, André Lhote, Darius Milhaud, Georges Pillement, Tristan Rémy, Jean Renoir, Georges Sadoul, Elsa Triolet, Jean Wiener. Well known professional editors of the newspaper were Édith Thomas, Simone Téry and Andrée Viollis. [3]
The Spanish Civil War was covered by eighteen journalists and reporter-photographers. The big names in left-wing journalism follow one another to describe and illustrate the struggles on the Republican faction. Among them were Édith Thomas, Andrée Viollis, Simone Téry, already mentioned and Louis Parrot, Stéphane Manier, Georges Soria, Renaud de Jouvenel.
Special Envoys of Ce soir were photographers who would later become famous for their coverage of the Spanish Civil War, Gerda Taro, who was killed in the Battle of Brunete in July 1937, Robert Capa and Chim, aka David Seymour. [4]
The newspaper which was considered to be an organ of the French Communist Party the daily was banned on 25 August by French authorities in 1939, along with L'Humanité and all of the party's publications because they were suspected of supporting Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact.
The newspaper did not officially resume publication until 1944 under the editorship of Louis Parrot who was a pre-war editor of the newspaper. Louis Aragon re-assumed the position of director of the newspaper. He was succeeded by Bloch, however after his death in 1947 Aragon became the sole director of the newspaper.
After the eviction of Communist ministers and the beginnings of the Cold War, gradually there was a call into questioning the existence of the newspaper, whose administration was similar with that of L'Humanité. In 1947, the headquarters of the two newspapers are united in the same building. The daily, which lost its autonomy, is then caught in a spiral of decline. On 28 February 1953 the newspaper ceased publication. [5]
Louis Aragon was a French poet who was one of the leading voices of the surrealist movement in France. He co-founded with André Breton and Philippe Soupault the surrealist review Littérature. He was also a novelist and editor, a long-time member of the Communist Party and a member of the Académie Goncourt. After 1959, he was a frequent nominee for the Nobel Prize in Literature.
L'Humanité is a French daily newspaper. It was previously an organ of the SFIO, de facto, and thereafter of the French Communist Party (PCF), and maintains links to the party. Its slogan is "In an ideal world, L'Humanité would not exist."
Ella Yuryevna Kagan, known as Elsa Triolet(Russian: Эльза Триоле) was a Russian-French writer and translator.
Jean-Richard Bloch was a French critic, novelist and playwright.
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Les Lettres Françaises is a French literary publication, founded in 1941 by writers Jacques Decour and Jean Paulhan. Originally a clandestine magazine of the French Resistance in German-occupied territory, it was one of the many publications of the National Front resistance movement. It received contributions from Louis Aragon, François Mauriac, Claude Morgan, Édith Thomas, Georges Limbour, Raymond Queneau and Jean Lescure.
The Mouvement de la Paix is an organisation which promotes a culture of peace initiated by the United Nations. The movement was created in the aftermath of the Second World War by the large resistance movements, particularly those associated with communists, Christians and free-thinkers, and was linked directly to the Mouvement mondial des partisans de la paix whose aim was to struggle for peace.
Édith Thomas was a French novelist, archivist, historian, and journalist.
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Maxime Moses Alexandre (1899–1976) was a French poet associated with Surrealism.
Simone Téry was a French journalist who wrote several books and was a war correspondent. She wrote for L'Humanité, Vendredi, and Regards. She reported on the Irish Civil War, interwar France, and the Spanish Civil War.
Catherine Claude, nom de plume of Catherine Piermont, née Jeanne Guillaud, was a French novelist, essayist and literary critic, and former president of the Writers' Union of France.
Andrée Viollis was a French journalist and writer. A prominent figure in news journalism and major reporting, she was an anti-fascist and feminist activist who was part of the French group associated with the World Committee Against War and Fascism. Viollis worked for various newspapers, including La Fronde, L'Écho de Paris, Excelsior, Le Petit Parisien, The Times, Daily Mail, Vendredi, Ce soir, and L'Humanité. She received several awards, including the Legion of Honour.
Max Lingner was a German painter, graphic artist, communist, and resistance fighter against the Nazi regime.
Andrée Grandjean was a Belgian lawyer and a member of the Belgian Resistance during the Second World War. She was a leader in the Front de l'indépendance, a co-organiser of the Faux Soir newspaper act of resistance and a communist activist.
Lucien Sampaix was a French communist journalist and member of the French Resistance.
Il n’y a pas d’amour heureux is a poem written by Louis Aragon in January 1943, and published in La Diane Française in 1944. The poem reflects on the inherent contradiction between love and the pain that it inevitably brings to those who experience it. An underlying meaning, made explicit in the final stanza, applies this theme to the French Resistance, in which Aragon participated.
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