Chak Tok Ich'aak II | |
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Ajaw of Tikal | |
Chak Tok Ich'aak II's glyph | |
Reign | c.486-July 24, 508 |
Predecessor | K'an Chitam |
Successor | Lady of Tikal and Kaloomte' Bahlam |
Died | July 24, 508 |
Issue | Wak Chan K'awiil Lady of Tikal? |
Father | K'an Chitam |
Mother | Lady Tzutz Nik |
Religion | Maya religion |
Chak Tok Ich'aak II, [N 1] also known as Jaguar Paw II and Jaguar Paw Skull (died July 24, 508), was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne c. 486 and reigned until his death. [N 2] He was son of K'an Chitam and Lady Tzutz Nik. The monuments associated with Chak Tok Ich'aak II are Stelae 3, 7, 15, 21, and possibly 26. [1] [2]
Ajaw or Ahau ('Lord') is a pre-Columbian Maya political title attested from epigraphic inscriptions. It is also the name of the 20th day of the tzolkʼin, the Maya divinatory calendar, on which a king's kʼatun-ending rituals would fall.
The Maya civilization was a Mesoamerican civilization developed by the Maya peoples, and noted for its logosyllabic script—the most sophisticated and highly developed writing system in pre-Columbian Americas—as well as for its art, architecture, mathematics, calendar, and astronomical system. The Maya civilization developed in an area that encompasses southeastern Mexico, all of Guatemala and Belize, and the western portions of Honduras and El Salvador. This region consists of the northern lowlands encompassing the Yucatán Peninsula, and the highlands of the Sierra Madre, running from the Mexican state of Chiapas, across southern Guatemala and onwards into El Salvador, and the southern lowlands of the Pacific littoral plain.
Tikal is the ruin of an ancient city, which was likely to have been called Yax Mutal, found in a rainforest in Guatemala. It is one of the largest archaeological sites and urban centers of the pre-Columbian Maya civilization. It is located in the archaeological region of the Petén Basin in what is now northern Guatemala. Situated in the department of El Petén, the site is part of Guatemala's Tikal National Park and in 1979 it was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Yax Nuun Ahiin I, also known as Curl Snout and Curl Nose, was a 4th-century ruler of the Maya city of Tikal. His name when transcribed is YAX-?-AH:N, translated "First? Crocodile". He took the throne on September 12, 379, and reigned until his death. He is referred to by the Mayan title ajaw, meaning lord.
Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I also known as Ruler A, Ah Cacao and Sky Rain,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on May 3, 682 and reigned until his death.
Yikʼin Chan Kʼawiil also known as Ruler B, Yaxkin Caan Chac and Sun Sky Rain,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on December 8, 734.
Chak Tok Ichʼaak I also known as Great Paw, Great Jaguar Paw, and Toh Chak Ichʼak was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on August 7, 360? and reigned until his death in 378, apparently at the hands of invaders from central Mexico.
Yax Nuun Ahiin II also known as Ruler C and Chitam,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on December 25, 768 and reigning probably until his death. He was son of Yik'in Chan K'awiil and brother of 28th Ruler. The monuments associated with Yax Nuun Ahiin II are: Stelae 19, 21 and Altars 6 and 10.
During the 7th and 8th centuries in Mesoamerica, there was an evident shift in the roles women played in ancient Maya society as compared with the previous two centuries. It was during this time that there was a great deal of political complexity seen both in Maya royal houses as well as in the Maya area. Warfare was a significant factor in political competition and marriage was one of the ways that alliances were made between the different polities. This was accompanied by a shift in women's roles from wife and mother to playing integral parts in courtly life, such as participating in rituals involving the supernatural world and at times ruling individual polities.
Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil II also known as Stela 11 Ruler,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He ruled c.869. The monuments associated with Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil II are: Stela 11 and Altar 11.
The known rulers of Tikal, a major centre of the Pre-Columbian Maya civilization in modern-day Guatemala:
Tikal Temple III, also known as the Temple of the Jaguar Priest, was one of the principal temple pyramids at the ancient Maya city of Tikal, in the Petén Department of modern Guatemala. The temple stands approximately 55 metres (180 ft) tall. The summit shrine of Temple III differs from those of the other major temples at Tikal in that it only possesses two rooms instead of the usual three. The pyramid was built in the Late Classic Period, and has been dated to 810 AD using the hieroglyphic text on Stela 24, which was raised at the base of its access stairway. Stela 24 is paired with the damaged Altar 6, in a typical stela-altar pair.
Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II, also known as Storm Sky and Manikin Cleft Sky, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on November 26, 411 and reigned until his death. He was a son of his predecessor Yax Nuun Ahiin I and Lady Kʼinich, and a grandson of Spearthrower Owl. Stela 31, erected during his reign, describes the death of his grandfather in 439; other monuments associated with Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II are Stelae 1 and possibly Stelae 28. Tikal Temple 33 was Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II's funerary pyramid and his tomb was located beneath it.
Lady of Tikal, also known as Woman of Tikal, was a queen of the Mayan city of Tikal. She took the throne on April 19, 511 and reigned until about 527.
Yax Ehb Xook, also known as Yax Moch Xok and Yax Chakte'I Xok, was dynastic founder and ajaw of the Maya city-state of Tikal. He ruled c. 90 AD.
Foliated Jaguar, also known as Scroll Ahau Jaguar, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Tikal.
Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil I, was ajaw ("lord") of the Maya city-state of Tikal. He was son of his predecessor Animal Headdress and Lady Skull. The monument associated with Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil I is El Encanto Stela I.
Unen Bahlam was queen of the Maya city-state of Tikal. Although generally assumed to be female, the sex of this ruler is unclear.
Kʼinich Muwaan Jol, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Tikal. He was father of Chak Tok Ichʼaak I and he ruled until 359.
Kʼan Chitam, also known as Kan Boar and Kʼan Ak, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on August 8, 458. He was son of Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II and Lady Ahiin. The monuments associated with Kʼan Chitam are Stelae 2?, 9, 13 and 40.
Wak Chan Kʼawiil, also known as Double Bird, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on December 27, 537(?) and reigning probably until his death. He was son of Chak Tok Ichʼaak II and Lady Hand. He sponsored accession of Yajaw Teʼ Kʼinich II, ruler of Caracol in 553. The monument associated with Wak Chan Kʼawiil is Stelae 17.
Nuun Ujol Chaak also known as Shield Skull and Nun Bak Chak was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne before 657 and reigning probably until his death.
Regnal titles | ||
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Preceded by K'an Chitam | Ajaw of Tikal c.486-July 24, 508 | Succeeded by Lady of Tikal and Kaloomte' Bahlam |