| Nuun Ujol Chaak | |
|---|---|
| Ajaw | |
| King of Tikal | |
| Reign | before 657-c.679 |
| Predecessor | 24th Ruler |
| Successor | Jasaw Chan K'awiil I |
| Born | before 657 Tikal |
| Died | c.679 Tikal |
| Spouse | Lady Jaguar Seat |
| Issue | Jasaw Chan K'awiil I |
| Father | K'inich Muwaan Jol II |
| Religion | Maya religion |
| Signature |  |
Nuun Ujol Chaak [N 1] also known as Shield Skull and Nun Bak Chak (born before 657-c.679CE), was an ajaw of the major Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne before 657 and reigned probably until his death. [1]
Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I, also known as Pacal or Pacal the Great, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque in the Late Classic period of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology. He acceded to the throne in July 615 and ruled until his death. Pakal reigned 68 years—the fifth-longest verified regnal period of any sovereign monarch in history, the longest in world history for more than a millennium, and still the longest of any residing monarch in the history of the Americas. During his reign, Pakal was responsible for the construction or extension of some of Palenque's most notable surviving inscriptions and monumental architecture. Pakal is perhaps best known in popular culture for his depiction on the carved lid of his sarcophagus, which has become the subject of pseudoarchaeological speculations.
Tonina is a pre-Columbian archaeological site and ruined city of the Maya civilization located in what is now the Mexican state of Chiapas, some 13 km (8.1 mi) east of the town of Ocosingo.
Yoʼokop is an ancient Maya city located in the Cochuah region of central Quintana Roo, Mexico. This area is best known as the center of the Caste War of Yucatán waged during the 19th century, that resulted in an independent Maya state governed from the city of Chan Santa Cruz.
Calakmul is a Maya archaeological site in the Mexican state of Campeche, deep in the jungles of the greater Petén Basin region. It is 35 kilometres (22 mi) from the Guatemalan border. Calakmul was one of the largest and most powerful ancient cities ever uncovered in the Maya lowlands.
Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I also known as Ruler A, Ah Cacao and Sky Rain, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on May 3, 682, and reigned until his death.
Kʼinich Kʼan Joy Chitam II, also known as Kan Xul II and Kʼan Hokʼ Chitam On II,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Palenque. He took the throne on May 28, 702 (9.13.10.6.8), reigning until c.721. He succeeded his elder brother Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II. Their father was Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I, who had ruled for 68 years, and their mother was Lady Tzʼakbu Ajaw. His possible brother could be Tiwol Chan Mat. Kʼinich Kʼan Joy Chitam apparently reigned for about nine years. He was captured by the Toniná in 711 and was possibly executed by their leader, Kʼinich Baaknal Chaak or was later restored to his kingship. He was succeeded in late 721 by Kʼinich Ahkal Moʼ Nahb III.
Maya monarchs, also known as Maya kings and queens, were the centers of power for the Maya civilization. Each Maya city-state was controlled by a dynasty of kings. The position of king was usually inherited by the oldest son.
Lady Six Sky, also known as Lady Wac Chanil Ahau or Wak Chanil Ajaw, was a Maya queen of Naranjo who was born in Dos Pilas. She lived in Naranjo from 682 to her death in 741. During that time, she probably served as de facto ruler of the city; however, monuments such as Stela 24 suggest she was never formally recognized as such, since she continued to use the emblem glyph of Dos Pilas throughout her life.
Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak, alternatively known by the nickname Smoking Squirrel bestowed before his name glyph was deciphered, was a Maya ruler of Naranjo. He led the city during an extensive military campaign against Yaxha; however, because of his young age at the time, it is presumed that his mother organized much of the campaign.
During the 7th and 8th centuries in Mesoamerica, there was an evident shift in the roles women played in ancient Maya society as compared with the previous two centuries. It was during this time that there was a great deal of political complexity seen both in Maya royal houses as well as in the Maya area. Warfare was a significant factor in political competition and marriage was one of the ways that alliances were made between the different polities. This was accompanied by a shift in women's roles from wife and mother to playing integral parts in courtly life, such as participating in rituals involving the supernatural world and at times ruling individual polities.
Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil was a Maya king of Dos Pilas. He is also known as Ruler 1, Flint Sky God K and Malah Chan Kʼawil.
Itzamnaaj Kʼawiil was a Mayan king of Dos Pilas. He was the third known ruler of that place. He is also known as the Ruler 2 and Shield God K.
Scroll Serpent was a Maya ruler of the Kaan kingdom. He ruled from AD 579 to 611. He acceded on 2 September.
Yuknoom Chʼeen II, known as Yuknoom the Great, was a Maya ruler of the Kaan kingdom, which had its capital at Calakmul during the Classic Period of Mesoamerican chronology.
Yuknoom Yichʼaak Kʼahkʼ or Yuknoom Ixquiac was a Maya king of the Kaan kingdom, which had its capital at Calakmul during the Classic Period of Mesoamerican chronology.
The North Acropolis of the ancient Maya city of Tikal in Guatemala is an architectural complex that served as a royal necropolis and was a centre for funerary activity for over 1300 years. The acropolis is located near the centre of the city and is one of the most studied of Maya architectural complexes. Excavations were carried out from 1957 to 1969 by the University of Pennsylvania, directed by Edwin M. Shook and William Coe.
Kʼinich Yat Ahk II, also known as Ruler 7, was the last ajaw of Piedras Negras, an ancient Maya settlement in Guatemala. He ruled during the Late Classic Period, from 781 to roughly 808 AD. Possibly a descendant of Itzam Kʼan Ahk II, Kʼinich Yat Ahk II ascended the throne upon the death of his brother, the sixth ajaw of the site, Haʼ Kʼin Xook. While Kʼinich Yat Ahk II presided over the destruction of the rival Maya site Pomona, his reign likely ended with Kʼinich Tatbu Skull IV of Yaxchilan capturing and subjugating Piedras Negras. Itzam Kʼan Ahk II left behind several monuments, including stelae at Piedras Negras, a stone seat known as Throne 1 which records either the death or abdication of Haʼ Kʼin Xook, and Panel 3 which recounts the exploits of Itzam Kʼan Ahk II.
Parrot Chaak was a ruler of La Mar, an ancient Maya settlement in the Mexican state of Chiapas.
23rd Ruler was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He ruled in around the year 635. Information about this ajaw and his successor 24th Ruler are scarce. K'inich Muwaan Jol II is estimated to have been 23rd or 24th Ruler because he could have been the father of the 25th ajaw Nuun Ujol Chaak.
24th Ruler was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He ruled in around the year 645. Information about this ajaw and his predecessor 23rd Ruler are scarce. K'inich Muwaan Jol II is estimated to be the best candidate for the 23rd or 24th Ruler as might have been the father of 25th ajaw Nuun Ujol Chaak.
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