| Unen Bahlam | |
|---|---|
| Queen of Tikal | |
 Unen Bahlam's glyph | |
| Reign | c.317 |
| Predecessor | Sihyaj Chan K'awiil I |
| Successor | K'inich Muwaan Jol |
| Religion | Maya religion |
Unen Bahlam [N 1] (fl. c. 317) was a queen regnant of the Maya city-state of Tikal. Although generally assumed to be female, the sex of this ruler has been contested and is not fully confirmed. [1]
Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I, also known as Pacal or Pacal the Great, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque in the Late Classic period of pre-Columbian Mesoamerican chronology. He acceded to the throne in July 615 and ruled until his death. Pakal reigned 68 years—the fifth-longest verified regnal period of any sovereign monarch in history, the longest in world history for more than a millennium, and still the longest of any residing monarch in the history of the Americas. During his reign, Pakal was responsible for the construction or extension of some of Palenque's most notable surviving inscriptions and monumental architecture. Pakal is perhaps best known in popular culture for his depiction on the carved lid of his sarcophagus, which has become the subject of pseudoarchaeological speculations.
Kʼinich Kan Bahlam II, also known as Chan Bahlum II, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Palenque, in what is now the state of Chiapas, Mexico. He acceded to the throne in January, 684, several months after the death of his father and predecessor, Kʼinich Janaab Pakal I and ruled until his death.
Yohl Ikʼnal, also known as Lady Kan Ik and Lady Kʼanal Ikʼnal, was queen regnant of the Maya city-state of Palenque. She acceded to the throne on 23 December 583, and ruled until her death.
Kʼukʼ Bahlam I, also known as Kuk and Bahlum Kʼukʼ,, was a founder and ajaw of the ruling dynasty at the Maya city of Palenque. He founded the dynasty on March 10, 431.
Jasaw Chan Kʼawiil I also known as Ruler A, Ah Cacao and Sky Rain, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on May 3, 682, and reigned until his death.
Maya monarchs, also known as Maya kings and queens, were the centers of power for the Maya civilization. Each Maya city-state was controlled by a dynasty of kings. The position of king was usually inherited by the oldest son.
Lady Eveningstar or Lady Ikʼ Skull (704-751), was a Maya queen and possible regent, wife of Itzamnaaj Bʼalam III, a Maya king of Yaxchilan. Their son, Yaxun Bʼalam IV - "Bird Jaguar", succeeded his father as king. She was possibly a regent between 742 and 751.
Chak Tok Ichʼaak I also known as Great Paw, Great Jaguar Paw, and Toh Chak Ichʼak was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on 7 August 360? and reigned until his death in 378, apparently at the hands of invaders from central Mexico.
Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Chaak, alternatively known by the nickname Smoking Squirrel bestowed before his name glyph was deciphered, was a Maya ruler of Naranjo. He led the city during an extensive military campaign against Yaxha; however, because of his young age at the time, it is presumed that his mother organized much of the campaign.
During the 6th and 7th centuries in Mesoamerica, there was an evident shift in the roles women played in ancient Maya society as compared with the previous two centuries. It was during this time that there was a great deal of political complexity seen both in Maya royal houses as well as in the Maya area. Warfare was a significant factor in political competition and marriage was one of the ways that alliances were made between the different polities. This was accompanied by a shift in women's roles from wife and mother to playing integral parts in courtly life, such as participating in rituals involving the supernatural world and at times ruling individual polities.
Lady of Tikal, also known as Woman of Tikal, was a queen regnant of the Mayan city of Tikal. She took the throne on 19 April 511 and reigned until about 527.
Pomona is a Maya archaeological site in the Mexican state of Tabasco, municipality of Tenosique, about 30 miles (50 km) east of Palenque. Its flowering was in the Late Classic period.
Kʼinich Kʼukʼ Bahlam II, also known as Bahlum Kʼukʼ II and Mahkʼina Kuk,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Palenque. He acceded to the throne on March 4, 764 and ruled until c. 783. He was a son of Kʼinich Ahkal Moʼ Nahb III and Lady Men Nik. Knowledge of him is limited to a few broken monuments: the Tablet of the 96 glyphs, the Creation Tablet, the House B Mural? and Bodega no. 218.
Kʼinich Kan Bahlam III,, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Palenque. He ruled c.751. Ruler is not mentioned in any monument at Palenque but only one text at Pomona, that suggest his reign was short or troubled.
Foliated Jaguar, also known as Scroll Ahau Jaguar, was ajaw of the Maya city-state of Tikal.
Kʼan Chitam, also known as Kan Boar and Kʼan Ak, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on 8 August 458. He was son of Sihyaj Chan Kʼawiil II and Lady Ahiin. He married Lady Tzutz Nik, daughter of Tzik'in Bahlam, ruler of Naranjo. The monuments associated with Kʼan Chitam are Stelae 2?, 9, 13 and 40.
Chak Tok Ichʼaak II, also known as Jaguar Paw II and Jaguar Paw Skull, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne c. 486 and reigned until his death. He was son of Kʼan Chitam and Lady Tzutz Nik, daughter of Tzik'in Bahlam, ruler of Naranjo. The monuments associated with Chak Tok Ichʼaak II are Stelae 3, 7, 15, 21, and possibly 26.
Kaloomteʼ Bahlam, also known as Curl Head, was an ajaw or lord of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne on c. 511. He co-ruled with a Lady of Tikal. The monuments associated with Kaloomteʼ Bahlam are Stelae 10, 12 and 25.
Animal Skull, also known as Lizard Head, Animal Skull II and Ete II, was an ajaw of the Maya city of Tikal. He took the throne after 562, reigning until c. 593. He was a son of Fire Cross and Lady Hand Sky of Bahlam.
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