Chiral Photonics

Last updated

Chiral Photonics, Inc., founded in 1999, is a photonics company based in Pine Brook, New Jersey, in the US.

Contents

CPI designs, develops and manufactures fiber-based optical components and assemblies thereof, for applications ranging from 3D shape sensing, used in minimally invasive surgery, to pump-signal combiners, used in industrial machining, to high bandwidth links, enabling the most advanced submarine communications cables and hyperscale data centers.

CPI's development work often employs optical simulations and modeling, precision microforming of glass, polarization control and advanced optical characterization, packaging and testing to meet exacting performance requirements for deployments ranging from outer space to subsea. CPI is a primary supplier of multicore fiber fanouts and related components worldwide.

Funding

Chiral Photonics had received funding from venture capital, angel, and government sources including a US$2 million National Institute of Standards and Technology Advanced Technology Program award in 2004., [1] and a number of SBIR and STTR awards.

Technology & Expertise

Utilizing proprietary microforming techniques as well as custom fiber designs, as needed, CPI has pioneered several innovative optical components and products and published extensively on its technology. [2] Products include in-fiber linear and circular polarizers, [3] high temperature optical sensors, [4] high density optical arrays, [5] pump signal combiners, [6] low-loss multicore fiber (MCF) fanouts, [7] [8] and wavelength division multiplexers, [9] WDMs, for MCFs.

Most recently, with the rapid maturation of the MCF market, CPI's low-loss fanouts have become the industry standard for seamlessly connecting multicore fiber to the ubiquitous optical fiber internet network, which primarily consists of standard singlemode, single-core fibers. CPI has manufactured fanouts for fibers ranging from 2 to 24 cores manufactured by all fiber manufacturers worldwide.

CPI, having many years of hands-on experience with MCF, has also taken a leading role in helping companies benefit from high bandwidth density, smaller footprint and lower weight fiber and cabling featuring MCF. CPI is helping to familiarize companies with the growing ecosystem of MCF fibers, cables, connectors, splicers and cable management products available, in addition to MCF optical components. In this role, CPI has, for example, helped companies design, deploy, install and thoroughly test MCF links. [10] [11]

Applications

MCF adoption is well underway in several markets, including communications, for high bandwidth density, subsea [12] and terrestrial, [13] [14] cables. MCF is also used for 3D shape sensing to enable precise location and movement tracking for applications ranging from minimally invasive surgery to towed sonar arrays to aerodynamics. [15]

Submarine Cables: Submarine communication cables carry more than 99% of all internet traffic, [16] connecting countries and continents. They are a critical part of the global communications infrastructure. With bandwidth demand increasing more than 20% year-over-year, [17] industry is constantly deploying more subsea cables to meet demand. Multicore fiber is uniquely positioned to meet this demand by significantly increasing bandwidth without adding to the cable weight or size. The first submarine cable with multicore fiber is scheduled to be in service by 2025. [18]

Terrestrial Cables: Terrestrial fiber optic cables are used ubiquitously throughout the internet. Using multicore fiber, instead of currently more common single core fiber, increases the bandwidth density. More information can be transmitted within a smaller cable. This can be useful, or even critical, in places where there are space constraints, weight constraints and areas where distance make blowing heavy cables through long distances impossible. In certain urban areas, for example, conduit space under the streets, in which optical fibers are routed, can be in short supply. Running multicore fiber cables may be the only option to avoid the permitting and construction costs necessary to install new conduits. Multicore fiber cables can also reduce installation labor costs because multiple optical channels are spliced with each splice. The first real-world deployment of an MCF cable in a metro network occurred in 2022. [19] [20]

Patents

Chiral Photonics has more than 40 United States and International patents issued and pending relating to its products.

See also

Related Research Articles

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Optical amplifier</span> Device that amplifies an optical signal

An optical amplifier is a device that amplifies an optical signal directly, without the need to first convert it to an electrical signal. An optical amplifier may be thought of as a laser without an optical cavity, or one in which feedback from the cavity is suppressed. Optical amplifiers are important in optical communication and laser physics. They are used as optical repeaters in the long distance fiber-optic cables which carry much of the world's telecommunication links.

All-silica fiber, or silica-silica fiber, is an optical fiber whose core and cladding are made of silica glass. The refractive index of the core glass is higher than that of the cladding. These fibers are typically step-index fibers. The cladding of an all-silica fiber should not be confused with the polymer overcoat of the fiber.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Passive optical network</span> Technology used to provide broadband to the end consumer via fiber

A passive optical network (PON) is a fiber-optic telecommunications network that uses only unpowered devices to carry signals, as opposed to electronic equipment. In practice, PONs are typically used for the last mile between Internet service providers (ISP) and their customers. In this use, a PON has a point-to-multipoint topology in which an ISP uses a single device to serve many end-user sites using a system such as 10G-PON or GPON. In this one-to-many topology, a single fiber serving many sites branches into multiple fibers through a passive splitter, and those fibers can each serve multiple sites through further splitters. The light from the ISP is divided through the splitters to reach all the customer sites, and light from the customer sites is combined into the single fiber. Many fiber ISPs prefer this system.

Optical computing or photonic computing uses light waves produced by lasers or incoherent sources for data processing, data storage or data communication for computing. For decades, photons have shown promise to enable a higher bandwidth than the electrons used in conventional computers.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Optical fiber</span> Light-conducting fiber

An optical fiber, or optical fibre, is a flexible glass or plastic fiber that can transmit light from one end to the other. Such fibers find wide usage in fiber-optic communications, where they permit transmission over longer distances and at higher bandwidths than electrical cables. Fibers are used instead of metal wires because signals travel along them with less loss and are immune to electromagnetic interference. Fibers are also used for illumination and imaging, and are often wrapped in bundles so they may be used to carry light into, or images out of confined spaces, as in the case of a fiberscope. Specially designed fibers are also used for a variety of other applications, such as fiber optic sensors and fiber lasers.

A photonic integrated circuit (PIC) or integrated optical circuit is a microchip containing two or more photonic components that form a functioning circuit. This technology detects, generates, transports, and processes light. Photonic integrated circuits use photons as opposed to electrons that are used by electronic integrated circuits. The major difference between the two is that a photonic integrated circuit provides functions for information signals imposed on optical wavelengths typically in the visible spectrum or near-infrared (850–1650 nm).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Silicon photonics</span> Photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium

Silicon photonics is the study and application of photonic systems which use silicon as an optical medium. The silicon is usually patterned with sub-micrometre precision, into microphotonic components. These operate in the infrared, most commonly at the 1.55 micrometre wavelength used by most fiber optic telecommunication systems. The silicon typically lies on top of a layer of silica in what is known as silicon on insulator (SOI).

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Fiber-optic communication</span> Transmitting information over optical fiber

Fiber-optic communication is a method of transmitting information from one place to another by sending pulses of infrared or visible light through an optical fiber. The light is a form of carrier wave that is modulated to carry information. Fiber is preferred over electrical cabling when high bandwidth, long distance, or immunity to electromagnetic interference is required. This type of communication can transmit voice, video, and telemetry through local area networks or across long distances.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Spatial multiplexing</span>

Spatial multiplexing or space-division multiplexing is a multiplexing technique in MIMO wireless communication, fiber-optic communication and other communications technologies used to transmit independent channels separated in space.

The Mamyshev 2R regenerator is an all-optical regenerator used in optical communications. In 1998, Pavel V. Mamyshev of Bell Labs proposed and patented the use of the self-phase modulation (SPM) for single channel optical pulse reshaping and re-amplification. More recent applications target the field of ultrashort high peak-power pulse generation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Optical mesh network</span> Optical network using a mesh topology

An optical mesh network is a type of optical telecommunications network employing wired fiber-optic communication or wireless free-space optical communication in a mesh network architecture.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Ben Eggleton</span> Australian scientist & academic

Benjamin John Eggleton,, is Pro Vice Chancellor (Research) at the University of Sydney. He is also Professor in the School of Physics where he leads a research group in integrated photonics, nonlinear optics and smart sensors and serves as co-director of the NSW Smart Sensing Network (NSSN).

A liquid-crystal laser is a laser that uses a liquid crystal as the resonator cavity, allowing selection of emission wavelength and polarization from the active laser medium. The lasing medium is usually a dye doped into the liquid crystal. Liquid-crystal lasers are comparable in size to diode lasers, but provide the continuous wide spectrum tunability of dye lasers while maintaining a large coherence area. The tuning range is typically several tens of nanometers. Self-organization at micrometer scales reduces manufacturing complexity compared to using layered photonic metamaterials. Operation may be either in continuous wave mode or in pulsed mode.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Orbital angular momentum multiplexing</span> Optical multiplexing technique

Orbital angular momentum multiplexing is a physical layer method for multiplexing signals carried on electromagnetic waves using the orbital angular momentum (OAM) of the electromagnetic waves to distinguish between the different orthogonal signals.

A super-channel is an evolution in dense wavelength-division multiplexing (DWDM) in which multiple, coherent optical carriers are combined to create a unified channel of a higher data rate, and which is brought into service in a single operational cycle.

Azriel Genack is an American physicist, currently a distinguished professor at Queens College, City University of New York, and also a published author. His research specializes in microwave and optical propagation.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Keren Bergman</span> American electrical engineer and professor

Keren Bergman is an American electrical engineer who is the Charles Batchelor Professor at Columbia University. She also serves as the director of the Lightwave Research Laboratory, a silicon photonics research group at Columbia University. Her research focuses on nano-photonics and particularly optical interconnects for low power, high bandwidth computing applications.

Andrew Marc Weiner OSA NAE NAI was an American electrical engineer, educator and researcher known for contributions to the fields of ultrafast optics and optical signal processing. He was the Scifres Family Distinguished Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at Purdue University.

Sasikanth Manipatruni is an American engineer and inventor in the fields of Computer engineering, Integrated circuit technology, Materials Engineering and semiconductor device fabrication. Manipatruni contributed to developments in silicon photonics, spintronics and quantum materials.

Masataka Nakazawa is a Japanese researcher in optical communication engineering. He is a distinguished professor at Tohoku University in Japan. His pioneering work on erbium-doped fiber amplifier (EDFA) has made a significant contribution to the development of global long-distance, high-capacity optical fiber network.

References

  1. ↑ "Development of chiral grating technology for advanced fiber laser". National Institute of Standards and Technology Website. Archived from the original on 2010-05-27. Retrieved 2008-11-04.
  2. ↑ Kopp, Victor I.; Park, Jongchul; Wlodawski, Mitchell; Singer, Jonathan; Neugroschl, Dan; Genack, Azriel Z. (15 February 2014). "Chiral Fibers: Microformed Optical Waveguides for Polarization Control, Sensing, Coupling, Amplification, and Switching". Journal of Lightwave Technology. 32 (4): 605–613. Bibcode:2014JLwT...32..605K. doi:10.1109/JLT.2013.2283495. S2CID   37612475.
  3. ↑ Kopp, Victor I.; Churikov, Victor M.; Genack, Azriel Z. (2006). "Synchronization of optical polarization conversion and scattering in chiral fibers". Optics Letters. 31 (5): 571–573. Bibcode:2006OptL...31..571K. doi:10.1364/OL.31.000571. PMID   16570401.
  4. ↑ Park, Jongchul; Wlodawski, Mitchell S.; Singer, Jonathan; Neugroschl, Daniel; Genack, Azriel Z.; Kopp, Victor I. (2012). "Temperature and pressure sensors based on chiral fibers". Fiber Optic Sensors and Applications IX. Vol. 8370. pp. 79–86. doi:10.1117/12.920324. S2CID   119486912.
  5. ↑ Kopp, Victor I.; Park, Jongchul; Wlodawski, Mitchell; Singer, Jonathan; Neugroschl, Dan; Genack, Azriel Z. (2012). "Pitch Reducing Optical Fiber Array for dense optical interconnect". IEEE Avionics, Fiber-Optics and Photonics Digest CD. pp. 48–49. doi:10.1109/AVFOP.2012.6344072. ISBN   978-1-4577-0758-2. S2CID   23464952.
  6. ↑ Kopp, Victor I.; Park, Jongchul; Wlodawski, Mitchell; Singer, Jonathan; Neugroschl, Dan (2014). "Polarization maintaining, high-power and high-efficiency (6+1)×1 pump/Signal combiner". In Ramachandran, Siddharth (ed.). Fiber Lasers XI: Technology, Systems, and Applications. Vol. 8961. pp. 488–493. doi:10.1117/12.2040962. S2CID   121098821.
  7. ↑ Kopp, V.I.; Park, J.; Singer, J.; Neugroschl, D.; Gillooly, Andy (2020). "Low Return Loss Multicore Fiber-Fanout Assembly for SDM and Sensing Applications". Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2020. pp. M2C.3. doi:10.1364/OFC.2020.M2C.3. ISBN   978-1-943580-71-2. S2CID   216230743.
  8. ↑ "Ultra-Low-Loss MCF Fanouts for Submarine SDM Applications". March 2022. pp. 1–3.
  9. ↑ https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-31-10-16434&id=530284 [ bare URL ]
  10. ↑ https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-31-4-5794&id=525780 [ bare URL ]
  11. ↑ Oda, Takuya; Kajikawa, Shota; Takenaga, Katsuhiro; Mukai, Okimi; Takeda, Daiki; Angra, Nikhil; Nasir, Usman; Park, Jongchul; Zhang, Jing; Kopp, Victor; Neugroschl, Daniel; Ichii, Kentaro (2023). "Loss performance of field-deployed high-density 1152-channel link constructed with 4-core multicore fiber cable". Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023. pp. Tu2C.4. doi:10.1364/OFC.2023.Tu2C.4. ISBN   978-1-957171-18-0.
  12. ↑ "TPU - Submarine Networks".
  13. ↑ https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-31-4-5794&id=525780 [ bare URL ]
  14. ↑ Oda, Takuya; Kajikawa, Shota; Takenaga, Katsuhiro; Mukai, Okimi; Takeda, Daiki; Angra, Nikhil; Nasir, Usman; Park, Jongchul; Zhang, Jing; Kopp, Victor; Neugroschl, Daniel; Ichii, Kentaro (2023). "Loss performance of field-deployed high-density 1152-channel link constructed with 4-core multicore fiber cable". Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023. pp. Tu2C.4. doi:10.1364/OFC.2023.Tu2C.4. ISBN   978-1-957171-18-0.
  15. ↑ "NASA-Inspired Shape-Sensing Fibers Enable Minimally Invasive Surgery". February 2008.
  16. ↑ "Do Submarine Cables Account for over 99% of Intercontinental Data Traffic?".
  17. ↑ "Global internet bandwidth close to 1Pbps in 2022, finds TeleGeography". 15 September 2022.
  18. ↑ "TPU - Submarine Networks".
  19. ↑ https://opg.optica.org/oe/fulltext.cfm?uri=oe-31-4-5794&id=525780 [ bare URL ]
  20. ↑ Oda, Takuya; Kajikawa, Shota; Takenaga, Katsuhiro; Mukai, Okimi; Takeda, Daiki; Angra, Nikhil; Nasir, Usman; Park, Jongchul; Zhang, Jing; Kopp, Victor; Neugroschl, Daniel; Ichii, Kentaro (2023). "Loss performance of field-deployed high-density 1152-channel link constructed with 4-core multicore fiber cable". Optical Fiber Communication Conference (OFC) 2023. pp. Tu2C.4. doi:10.1364/OFC.2023.Tu2C.4. ISBN   978-1-957171-18-0.
This page is based on this Wikipedia article
Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.