Christian Wentz

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Christian Wentz
Christian W (39796980252).jpg
Christian T. Wentz
Born1986
Alma mater
Scientific career
Institutions

Christian T. Wentz is an American electrical engineer and entrepreneur. He is recognized for his work in engineering authenticity in electronic devices and the use of these primitives in distributed systems, developing neural interface [1] [2] technologies and innovation in optoelectronics, [3] low power circuit design, [4] wireless power [3] [5] [6] [7] and high bandwidth communication technologies. [8]

Contents

Early life

Wentz grew up in Wausau, Wisconsin. He graduated from Wausau East High School in 2004.

Wentz received a bachelor of science degree in electrical science and engineering in 2009 from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT). He received his master of engineering degree in electrical engineering and computer science in 2010 from MIT. He returned to MIT in 2013 to pursue a PhD with the support of the Myhrvold & Havranek Hertz Foundation Fellowship in applied sciences. [9] [2] His PhD work focused on development of minimally invasive biosensors. [10]

As of 2017, Wentz is on leave from MIT to pursue entrepreneurial ventures.

Career

As an undergraduate student at MIT in the lab of Edward Boyden, [5] Wentz developed wireless neural interface technology using optogenetics, [3] and worked on ultra-low power circuit technology for large-scale acquisition of neural signals. [11] [5]

In 2011, based on this work, Wentz founded Kendall Research Systems, LLC (KRS). [10] [5] [12] [13] KRS became the first company to commercialize wireless optogenetics instrumentation for use in the pharmaceutical industry and translational neuroscience. [3] [12] The company bootstrapped itself until it received support from the National Institutes of Health (NIH). KRS explored ultra-low power signal processing topologies to capture signals from large numbers of neurons in devices implanted in humans, e.g. deep brain stimulators. [12]

In 2010, while still a student at MIT, he co-founded Cerenova, Inc, a spinout from Massachusetts General Hospital Department of Neurosurgery, with noted functional neurosurgeon Emad Eskandar. Their work focused on novel applications of electrical neuromodulation for recovery and improvement of learning and cognition. [14]

In February 2017, KRS’ neurotechnology assets were acquired by Kernel for an undisclosed sum. [8] [12] Following the acquisition, Wentz served as Vice President of Product at Kernel, leading development program in clinical neural interfaces. [12] [15]

In August 2018, Wentz announced the establishment and funding of Gradient Technologies, Inc., a venture focused on engineering trust into everyday electronic devices such that "the authenticity and integrity of every electronic device, the software it operates, data it stores and computes, and information itself, are provable qualities by construction, not by trust in a third party". [16]

Previously, Wentz worked on hardware for wearable technology company Misfit, Inc. Misfit was acquired by Fossil Group in November 2015 for $260 million. [17]

Recognition

In 2011, Wentz was named to the inaugural Forbes 30 Under 30 in Science and Innovation for his work in neurotechnology. [14]

In 2012, Wentz received the Myhrvold & Havranak Family Hertz Foundation Fellowship in applied sciences to pursue a PhD at MIT. [17]

Related Research Articles

Neurotechnology encompasses any method or electronic device which interfaces with the nervous system to monitor or modulate neural activity.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Cyberkinetics</span>

Cyberkinetics is an American company with roots tied to the University of Utah. It was co-founded by John Donoghue, Mijail Serruya, Gerhard Friehs of Brown University, and Nicho Hatsopoulos of the University of Chicago. The Braingate technology and related Cyberkinetic’s assets were sold to Blackrock Neurotech and BrainGate Inc. in 2008.

Brain implants, often referred to as neural implants, are technological devices that connect directly to a biological subject's brain – usually placed on the surface of the brain, or attached to the brain's cortex. A common purpose of modern brain implants and the focus of much current research is establishing a biomedical prosthesis circumventing areas in the brain that have become dysfunctional after a stroke or other head injuries. This includes sensory substitution, e.g., in vision. Other brain implants are used in animal experiments simply to record brain activity for scientific reasons. Some brain implants involve creating interfaces between neural systems and computer chips. This work is part of a wider research field called brain–computer interfaces.

Neuroprosthetics is a discipline related to neuroscience and biomedical engineering concerned with developing neural prostheses. They are sometimes contrasted with a brain–computer interface, which connects the brain to a computer rather than a device meant to replace missing biological functionality.

Neural engineering is a discipline within biomedical engineering that uses engineering techniques to understand, repair, replace, or enhance neural systems. Neural engineers are uniquely qualified to solve design problems at the interface of living neural tissue and non-living constructs.

Bio-mechatronics is an applied interdisciplinary science that aims to integrate biology and mechatronics. It also encompasses the fields of robotics and neuroscience. Biomechatronic devices cover a wide range of applications, from developing prosthetic limbs to engineering solutions concerning respiration, vision, and the cardiovascular system.

Rahul Sarpeshkar is the Thomas E. Kurtz Professor and a professor of engineering, professor of physics, professor of microbiology & immunology, and professor of molecular and systems biology at Dartmouth. Sarpeshkar, whose interdisciplinary work is in bioengineering, electrical engineering, quantum physics, and biophysics, is the inaugural chair of the William H. Neukom cluster of computational science, which focuses on analog, quantum, and biological computation. The clusters, designed by faculty from across the institution to address major global challenges, are part of President Philip Hanlon's vision for strengthening academic excellence at Dartmouth. Prior to Dartmouth, Sarpeshkar was a tenured professor at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology and led the Analog Circuits and Biological Systems Group. He is now also a visiting scientist at MIT's Research Laboratory of Electronics.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Hertz Foundation</span> American nonprofit foundation awarding fellowships in the sciences

The Fannie and John Hertz Foundation is an American non-profit organization that awards fellowships to Ph.D. students in the applied physical, biological and engineering sciences. The fellowship provides $250,000 of support over five years. The goal is for Fellows to be financially independent and free from traditional restrictions of their academic departments in order to promote innovation in collaboration with leading professors in the field. Through a rigorous application and interview process, the Hertz Foundation seeks to identify young scientists and engineers with the potential to change the world for the better and supports their research endeavors from an early stage. Fellowship recipients pledge to make their skills available to the United States in times of national emergency.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Gero Miesenböck</span>

Gero Andreas Miesenböck is an Austrian scientist. He is currently Waynflete Professor of Physiology and Director of the Centre for Neural Circuits and Behaviour (CNCB) at the University of Oxford and a fellow of Magdalen College, Oxford.

Optogenetics is a biological technique to control the activity of neurons or other cell types with light. This is achieved by expression of light-sensitive ion channels, pumps or enzymes specifically in the target cells. On the level of individual cells, light-activated enzymes and transcription factors allow precise control of biochemical signaling pathways. In systems neuroscience, the ability to control the activity of a genetically defined set of neurons has been used to understand their contribution to decision making, learning, fear memory, mating, addiction, feeding, and locomotion. In a first medical application of optogenetic technology, vision was partially restored in a blind patient.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Edward Boyden</span> American neuroscientist

Edward S. Boyden is an American neuroscientist at MIT. He is the Y. Eva Tan Professor in Neurotechnology, a faculty member in the MIT Media Lab and an associate member of the McGovern Institute for Brain Research. In 2018 he was named a Howard Hughes Medical Institute Investigator. He is recognized for his work on optogenetics. In this technology, a light-sensitive ion channel such as channelrhodopsin-2 is genetically expressed in neurons, allowing neuronal activity to be controlled by light. There were early efforts to achieve targeted optical control dating back to 2002 that did not involve a directly light-activated ion channel, but it was the method based on directly light-activated channels from microbes, such as channelrhodopsin, emerging in 2005 that turned out to be broadly useful. Optogenetics in this way has been widely adopted by neuroscientists as a research tool, and it is also thought to have potential therapeutic applications. Boyden joined the MIT faculty in 2007, and continues to develop new optogenetic tools as well as other technologies for the manipulation of brain activity. Previously, Boyden received degrees in electrical engineering, computer science, and physics from MIT. During high school, Boyden attended the Texas Academy of Mathematics and Science.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Center for Neurotechnology</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Karl Deisseroth</span> American optogeneticist (born 1971)

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Arto Nurmikko</span> Finnish physics professor

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Kernel is a technology company that creates brain–machine interfaces. It is a privately held company headquartered in Los Angeles, California. The company was founded in 2016 by Bryan Johnson.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Krishna Shenoy</span> American neuroscientist

Krishna Vaughn Shenoy (1968–2023) was an American neuroscientist and neuroengineer at Stanford University. Shenoy was the Hong Seh and Vivian W. M. Lim Professor in the Stanford University School of Engineering. He focused on neuroscience topics, including neurotechnology such as brain-computer interfaces. On 21 January 2023, he died after a long battle with pancreatic cancer. According to Google Scholar, he amassed an h-index of 79.

<span class="mw-page-title-main">Polina Anikeeva</span>

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<span class="mw-page-title-main">Mohamad Sawan</span> Canadian engineer

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References

  1. Wentz, Christian T.; Bernstein, Jacob G.; Monahan, Patrick; Guerra, Alexander; Rodriguez, Alex; Boyden, Edward S. (2011). "A wirelessly powered and controlled device for optical neural control of freely-behaving animals". Journal of Neural Engineering. 8 (4): 046021. Bibcode:2011JNEng...8d6021W. doi:10.1088/1741-2560/8/4/046021. PMC   3151576 . PMID   21701058.
  2. 1 2 "Christian T. Wentz". hertzfoundation.org.
  3. 1 2 3 4 "News Article". www.ddn-news.com.
  4. Valle, B. Do; Wentz, C. T.; Sarpeshkar, R. (1 April 2011). "An Area and Power-Efficient Analog Li-Ion Battery Charger Circuit". IEEE Transactions on Biomedical Circuits and Systems. 5 (2): 131–137. doi:10.1109/TBCAS.2011.2106125. PMID   23851201. S2CID   8378252.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Humphries, Courtney. "Startup Makes 'Wireless Router for the Brain'".
  6. Marks, Gene (23 March 2018). "This Week in Small Business: A Twitter Lesson".
  7. "Researchers develop 'wireless optical brain router' to manipulate brain cells".
  8. 1 2 Johnson, Bryan (22 February 2017). "Kernel Acquires KRS to Build Next-Generation Neural Interfaces". Archived from the original on March 2, 2017.
  9. "Endowed and Named Fellowships". hertzfoundation.org.
  10. 1 2 "Synthetic Neurobiology Group: Ed Boyden, Principal Investigator". syntheticneurobiology.org.
  11. "Person Overview ‹ Edward Boyden – MIT Media Lab". MIT Media Lab.
  12. 1 2 3 4 5 Regalado, Antonio. "Silicon Valley's race to develop a brain-computer interface". MIT Technology Review.
  13. "About". Kendall Research Systems, LLC.
  14. 1 2 "30 Under 30 - Science & Innovation - Forbes". Forbes .
  15. "How brains and machines can be made to work together". The Economist.
  16. Wentz, Christian (2018-08-23). "Introducing Gradient". Gradient Network. Retrieved 2018-10-12.
  17. 1 2 "Fossil Just Bought This Wearable Tech Company".