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A foil bearing, also known as a foil-air bearing, is a type of air bearing. A shaft is supported by a compliant, spring-loaded foil journal lining. Once the shaft is spinning fast enough, the working fluid pushes the foil away from the shaft so that no contact occurs. The shaft and foil are separated by the air's high pressure, which is generated by the rotation that pulls gas into the bearing via viscosity effects. The high speed of the shaft with respect to the foil is required to initiate the air gap, and once this has been achieved, no wear occurs. Unlike aerostatic or hydrostatic bearings, foil bearings require no external pressurisation system for the working fluid, so the hydrodynamic bearing is self-starting.
Garrett Motion Inc., formerly Honeywell Transportation Systems and Honeywell Turbo Technologies, is an American company primarily involved in engineering, development and manufacturing of turbochargers and related forced induction systems for ground vehicles from small passenger cars to large trucks and industrial equipment and construction machinery. It originated as part of Garrett AiResearch's Industrial Division in Phoenix, Arizona in 1954, after which they entered a contract to provide 5,000 turbochargers for the Caterpillar mining vehicle. It manufactured turbochargers for railroads and commercial trucks. The business produced approximately $3.6 billion in revenue in 2021. Garrett Motion is also involved in motorsports providing turbochargers and forced induction systems, solutions and related equipment to racing teams and various forms of automobile racing and professional competitions. In 2004, the business became part of American industrial conglomerate Honeywell International, Inc., as their Transportation Systems division. In 2018, it was spun off to become an independent company under the Garrett Motion name with corporate headquarters in Rolle, Switzerland.
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Garrett AiResearch was a manufacturer of turboprop engines and turbochargers, and a pioneer in numerous aerospace technologies. It was previously known as Aircraft Tool and Supply Company, Garrett Supply Company, AiResearch Manufacturing Company, or simply AiResearch. In 1964, Garrett AiResearch merged with Signal Oil & Gas to form a company renamed in 1968 to Signal Companies, which in 1985 merged with Allied Corp. into AlliedSignal. In 1999 AlliedSignal acquired Honeywell and adopted the Honeywell name.
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Solar Turbines Incorporated, a wholly owned subsidiary of Caterpillar Inc., designs and manufactures industrial gas turbines for onshore and offshore electrical power generation, for marine propulsion and for producing, processing and transporting natural gas and oil.
Frederick Dallenbach was an engineer at Garrett AiResearch, who did pioneering work in gas turbine engines for aircraft applications. He won the Wright Brothers Medal in 1949 with Homer J. Wood for a paper discussing auxiliary turbines to supply pneumatic power for aircraft based on the Garrett GTC43/44 and GTP70 units.
Homer J. Wood was an engineer at Garrett AiResearch, who did pioneering work in gas turbine engines for aircraft applications. He won the Wright Brothers Medal in 1949 with Frederick Dallenbach for a paper discussing auxiliary turbines to supply pneumatic power for aircraft based on the Garrett GTC43/44 and GTP70 units. Wood went on to design the GTC85, one of the most widely used auxiliary power units in commercial and military aviation.
The Allison T56 turboprop engine has been developed extensively throughout its production run, the many variants are described by the manufacturer as belonging to four main series groups.
References
- Notes
- ↑ "Built on Thin Air". Time . November 16, 1962.
- ↑ Seymour L. Chapin, "Garrett and Pressurized Flight: A Business Built on Thin Air", Pacific Historical Review 35 (August 1966): 329-343.
- ↑ William A. Schoneberger and Robert R. H. Scholl, Out of Thin Air: Garrett's First 50 Years, Phoenix: Garrett Corporation, 1985 ISBN 0-9617029-0-7
- ↑ Turbocharged Power Systems Archived October 19, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ↑ Leyes, p. 611-12
- ↑ "Cliff Garrett Turbomachinery Engineering Award". Archived from the original on 2009-02-23. Retrieved 2009-03-19.
- ↑ "Arizona Aviation Hall of Fame". Archived from the original on 2009-02-07. Retrieved 2009-03-19.
- ↑ "GPC | Gilbert Days | Garrett Rodeo". Archived from the original on 2008-09-07. Retrieved 2009-10-26.
- ↑ http://www.turbobygarrett.com/tech_center/why_garrett.html%5B%5D
- Bibliography
- "Business: Mighty Might". Time . October 29, 1951.
- Gunston, Bill (2006). World Encyclopedia of Aero Engines, 5th Edition. Phoenix Mill, Gloucestershire, England, UK: Sutton Publishing Limited. ISBN 0-7509-4479-X.
- Leyes II, Richard A.; William A. Fleming (1999). "10". The History of North American Small Gas Turbine Aircraft Engines. Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution. p. 725. ISBN 1-56347-332-1.