Coaxial power connector

Last updated December 20, 2024

Common DC power connectors Photo-RoundPowerConnectors.jpg — Common DC power connectors

A coaxial power connector is an electrical power connector used for attaching extra-low voltage devices such as consumer electronics to external electricity. Also known as barrel connectors, concentric barrel connectors or tip connectors, these small cylindrical connectors come in an enormous variety of sizes.

Connector construction and terminology

The connector pairs for barrel connectors are defined in terms of "plugs" and "receptacles"; receptacles are more commonly called "sockets" or "jacks" in the United States. Receptacles may be panel-mounted or circuit board-mounted. Plugs are on cables. Some in-line receptacles are also cable-mounted.

Power is generally supplied by a plug to a receptacle. Cables are available with one in-line receptacle fanning out to a number of plugs, so that many devices may be supplied by one supply. As the use of a plug implies a cable, even a short stub, some power supplies carry panel-mounted receptacles instead to avoid this cable. Cables for such cases are available with a plug at each end, although cables or adapters with two receptacles are not widely available.

Plug (female)

On the plug, the outer body terminal is metallic and cylindrical in shape, and comprises one of the two contacts. The second, inside contact is a hollow metallic cylinder constructed to accept insertion of the pin in the corresponding socket. The inner and outer barrels are separated by an insulating layer, which is flared at the tip to prevent a short circuit when the plug is inserted or removed.

The outer terminal is usually GND pin and inner is V_n+ is a voltage supply pin, where n voltage is 5V, 12V, 24V etc..

Plug (male)

This less common type of plug is similar to the female version, but the center pin is of male type.

Socket or receptacle

There is typically a single spring-loaded contact at the side of the socket and a pin in the center in order to connect the female type plug. The socket or receptacle for connecting the male type plug has instead in the middle a ring.

Connector sizes

There are many different sizes of coaxial power connectors. See the table at the end of this article.

Contact ratings commonly vary from unspecified up to 5 A (11 A for special high-power versions). Voltage is often unspecified, but may be up to 48 V with 12 V typical. The smaller types usually have lower current and voltage ratings.

It is quite possible that new sizes will continue to appear and disappear. One possible reason that a particular manufacturer may use a new size is to discourage use of third-party power supplies, either for technical reasons or to force use of their own accessories, or both.

The sizes and shapes of connectors do not consistently correspond to the same power specifications across manufacturers and models. Two connectors from different manufacturers with different sizes could potentially be attached to power supplies with the same voltage and current. Alternatively, connectors of the same size can be part of power supplies with different voltages and currents. Use of the wrong power supply may cause severe equipment damage or even fire.

Common sizes and interchangeability

Generic plugs are often described by their inside diameter, such as 2.1 mm DC plugs. After the two common 5.5 mm OD (Outer Diameter) plugs, the next-most common size is 3.5 mm OD with a 1.3 mm ID (Inner Diameter), usually about 9.5 mm in length, although both longer and shorter versions also exist. These 3.5 mm OD plugs are normally used for lower voltages and currents.

Locking and retention features

A ring-shaped "locking detent" or "high-retention feature", present on the barrel of some DC coaxial connectors, is a feature intended to prevent accidental disconnection. Typically, this feature is a conical cut-back section of the tip, just behind the insulator that separates the inner from outer contact surfaces.

A "lock-ring DC coaxial connector" uses a captive threaded ring or collar to secure the connection between the plug and jack. This design offers strong resistance to unplugging when used properly.

A "lock-tab DC coaxial connector" (also called "bayonet lock") offers a compromise that resists unplugging, but which will disengage when pulled hard enough. This connector uses small metal tab protrusions on the connector barrel to lock the plug in place, requiring a special push-and-rotate motion to engage the locks.

Standards

There are several standards in existence, provided by bodies such as the IEC, EIAJ in Japan and DIN in Germany. More recently, some manufacturers appear to have implemented their own system correlating voltage and plug size. In addition, there appears to be a trend to standardize DC connector to negative barrel (or sleeve) of a coaxial power connector.

IEC 60130-10

International standard IEC 60130-10:1971 defines five DC power connectors:^[1]

Type A: 5.5 mm OD, 2.1 mm ID (with optional screw lock)
Type A: 5.5 mm OD, 2.5 mm ID (with optional screw lock)
Type B: 6.0 mm OD, 2.1 mm ID
Type B: 6.0 mm OD, 2.5 mm ID
Type C: 3.8 mm OD, 1.1 mm ID
Type D: 6.3 mm OD, 3.1 mm ID
Type E: 3.4 mm OD, 1.3 mm ID

EIAJ power connector

The Japanese trade organization EIAJ issued EIAJ RC-5320A, which defines five plug and matching socket or jack sizes. Each of these plugs is used with a specified voltage range. Most manufacturers use colored insulating materials to distinguish these plugs from other similar-looking DC plugs, and for quick identification between EIAJ plugs of similar size.

EIAJ-01: For 0–3.15 V. 2.5 mm OD, 0.7 mm ID.
EIAJ-02: For 3.15–6.3 V. 4.0 mm OD, 1.7 mm ID.
EIAJ-03: For 6.3–10.5 V. 5.0 mm OD, 1.7 mm ID.
EIAJ-04 (also called JSBP 4): For 10.5–13.5 V. 5.5 mm OD, 3.4 mm ID.
EIAJ-05 (also called JSBP 5): For 13.5–18 V. 6.5 mm OD, 4.4 mm ID.

EIAJ-04 and 05 have an internal male pin in the plug. The 01 through 03 sizes do not and are similar to the generic plugs in structure. These five EIAJ plugs are 9.5 mm in length and have a current rating of 2A.

There are two other, less common, connectors defined by EIAJ; RC-5321 and RC-5322. The latter is designed for both 12 V and 24 V automotive applications.

DIN 45323

The German national standards organization DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung—German Institute for Standardization) issued DIN 45323 in 1982 and since withdrawn, which defines two DC power plug and jack (respectively) sizes. At least one of these sizes has a maximum rating of 34 V and 3 A. The information here is inferred from catalog references,^[2] as the German standard has not been translated into English yet.^{[ when? ]}

5.00 mm OD, 2.00 mm ID, 14 mm long?
6.00 mm OD, 1.98 mm ID

Listing of DC coaxial connectors

This list attempts to show all known sizes, and is annotated with some manufacturers producing selected types, since each manufacturer makes its own unique subset of the known types. Note that the example part numbers given may have different connector barrel (sleeve) lengths, and are not necessarily exact equivalents. There are many more design variants than can be listed in this table, so only a small sampling of part numbers is given.

Connector size is often listed in the format OD (outer diameter) × ID (inner diameter) × L (length of barrel) and expressed in millimeters. Designations may vary between manufacturers.

Coaxial plugs that have a male center pin will have another measurement, Center Pin Diameter (CPD). These plugs are often used for higher power applications such as portable computers.

There are a number of sizes listed below that appear to be quite similar, and while the tolerances of these connectors are typically indicated as ±0.05 or ±0.03 mm by the manufacturers, there is still ambiguity as to whether two sizes differing by only 0.05 mm (or where the specification is only given to the nearest 0.10 mm) warrants listing them separately here.^{[ original research? ]}

In the following table, the term Adaptaplug refers to the Radioshack reference (see next section in this article).

OD (mm)	ID (mm)	CPD (mm)	Barrel length (mm)	Adaptaplug	Standard	Volts	Plug part numbers	Jack part numbers	Notes
2.00	0.60		6.3		Nokia 2-mm DC Charging Interface Specification^[3]	4.65–9.3 V	Nokia DC-096 (0.48×2.1 mm on socket side)	Nokia AC-3 charger	Nokia 2-mm DC Charging Interface, used in Nokia phones and Bluetooth headphones
2.35	0.70		9.5	A	EIAJ-01	0–3.15 V	Kobiconn 3218-EX Lumberg 1636 01	Kobiconn 0307-EX (inline)	Canon ACK-800, also used on very old Motorola phones (SPN4364/4365/4366–4474)
2.40	0.70						Egston 212		possibly a rounded-off representation of EIAJ-01
2.40	0.80						Egston 213
2.50	0.80								Used in Samsung Bluetooth headsets and few tablet PCs
3.00	1.00
3.00	1.10			G			CUI Inc. PP-019 Egston 214	Nokia ACH-6E charger	Used in satellite radio docks and other devices. Acer, Samsung, Huawei chromebooks and/or laptops
3.20	0.90						CUI Inc. PP-017
3.30	1.00							Motorola AAPN4064A	Used in older Motorola phones (SPN4680/4681/4682/4677/5296A) and also used in some rare Nokia phones (ACH-6)
3.40	1.30			H			Kobiconn 3210-E	Kobiconn 0309-EX (inline)
3.40	1.35						Egston 218 Medical, 220
3.40	1.40						Lumberg NES/J 135
3.50	0.90							Possible nokia acp-7 charger^[4]	Used in many older Nokia phones (ACP-12?)
3.50	1.10						CUI Inc. PP3–002C Philmore 202
3.50	1.30						Egston 238 Philmore 204,2049	Kobiconn 0308-EX (inline) Philmore 256 (inline)	Also used in older Alcatel phones (3DS07008A?AA, 3DS09371A?AA, 3DS10628A?AA)
3.50	1.35						CUI Inc. P7 CUI Inc. PP3–002D Egston 215 Kobiconn PA35135-E		Also used for Canon CA-570 Charger (Output: 8.4V 2A)^[5]
3.60	1.15						Egston 216
3.80	1.10			I			CUI Inc. P9 but with 1.05 mm ID
3.80	1.20								Used in very rare Nokia phones (ACH-4)
3.80	1.30						Egston 217
3.80	1.35						CUI Inc. P8
3.80	1.40		9.0			12VDC @ 0.5A	Marushin Electric MP-138NK		Used in TP-Link Gigabit switch model TL-SG105(UN) Ver:6.0
4.00	1.70		9.5	B	EIAJ-02	3.15–6.3 V	Kobiconn 3219-EX Lumberg 1636 02	Kobiconn 0311-EX (inline)	Used in Lenovo Flex 4 adapter Used for Sony PSP Charger (Input: 100-240VAC, Output: 5VDC @ 1500mA for PSP 1000, 2000, 3000)
4.5	3.0	0.5	12			19.5v			Newer HP and Dell laptop computers
4.75	1.70		9.5	C	EIAJ-03	6.3–10.5 V	Kobiconn 3220-EX Lumberg 1636 03	Kobiconn 0310-EX (inline)
4.75	?.??		2.5 protruding	C	EIAJ RC-5321
5.00	1.50			J
5.00	2.00				DIN 45323?		Egston 206,207,219
5.00	2.10			K			CUI Inc. P3
5.00	2.50			L			CUI Inc. P4
5.50	1.50			S
5.50	1.70								Used in Acer Aspire V5 adapter and some Hikvision 48V NVRs
5.50	2.10			M			CUI Inc. P5 CUI Inc. PP3–002A Kobiconn 3217-EX Philmore 210, 210L, 2109 Switchcraft 762, 763^[6]	CUI Inc. PR-002A (inline) Kobiconn 0302 (inline) Philmore 257 (inline) Switchcraft 721A (panel)^[7]	2.1 mm center pin Common on guitar effect pedals Arduino power adapter IEC 60130-10 Type A (first of two with same type and same OD, the other has ID of 2.5mm and center PIN)
5.50	2.10						CUI Inc. P10 Kobiconn 7391 Philmore 2560 Switchcraft 768K^[8]		2.1 mm center pin, lock-ring
5.50	2.10						Kobiconn 0721-EX	Kobiconn 1000-EX (panel)	2.1 mm center pin, lock-tab
5.50	2.50			N			CUI Inc. P6 CUI Inc. PP3–002B Egston 222 Kobiconn 0702-EX Philmore 250, 250L, 2509 Switchcraft 760, 765	CUI Inc. PR-002B (inline) Kobiconn 0303 (inline) Philmore 258 (inline) Switchcraft 712A (panel)	2.5 mm center pin used in Miniware TS100 soldering iron by e-Design IEC 60130-10 Type A (second of two with same type and same OD, the other has ID of 2.1mm and no center PIN)
5.50	2.50						CUI Inc. P11 Kobiconn 7395 Philmore 2560 Switchcraft 760K		2.5 mm center pin, lock-ring
5.50	2.50						Kobiconn 0725-EX	Kobiconn 1100-EX (panel)	2.5 mm center pin, lock-tab
5.50	2.80			O
5.50	3.0					5V, 1.5A, Efficiency Level V	Philmore Coaxial Power Plug 3.0mm I.D./5.5mm O.D. No. 206		Roku 2 XS HDTV Streaming Box
5.50	3.0	1.0							Samsung laptop computers (many), for instance 400B2B
5.50	3.30	1.00	9.5	D	EIAJ-04, JSBP4	10.5–13.5 V	Lumberg 1636 04		Microsoft Xbox 360 HD DVD drive
5.50	3.80	1.80		P
6.00	1.98				DIN 45323		Lumberg 1632 01
6.00	4.40	0.80?							found in an ISP specific modem/router, plug with male type, 12VDC power connector, manufactured by ARRIS, unknown standard, photo above in male connector example
6.30	2.50								found in an ISP specific modem/router, 12VDC power connector, manufactured by Compal, unknown standard
6.30	3.00			Q			Icom R75, R8500
6.50	?.??				EIAJ RC-5322
6.50	3.00								Used in Yamaha and Casio keyboard power supply
6.50	3.10	1.00					Philmore 285
6.50	3.40	1.40	9.0			18 VDC @5A	Kobiconn 6014-E		used often for laptop computers
6.50	4.10	1.00		U	JEITA RC-5322	24 VDC @ 2A	Lumberg 1636 06		Epson Photo Scanners V600, etc.
6.50	4.30	1.40		T	EIAJ-05, JSBP5	13.5–18.0 V	Lumberg 1636 05 Philmore 265 CUI Inc. PP-016	Philmore 214 CUI Inc. PJ-025	OD is of ring at tip Common for Sony laptop computers and scanning radios
6.90	4.20	0.70		R
7.00	??	1.00					Philmore 48-412
7.4	5.1		12.5						Mini-ITX motherboards, e.g., Intel DH61AG, Asus H310T
7.4	5.5	0.5	12.5						Some Asus, Dell, HP, Sony laptop computers; Dyson hand-held vacuum cleaners
8.0	5.5	1.5	8			36V-42V @ 3A			Lime gen 2.5/3 electric scooters
8.0	5.5	1.5 (?)	10.5			42V 2A			ES2 and M365 electric scooters & Goal Zero Solar devices (Sherpa & Yeti). IBM Lenovo laptop computer PSUs
8.3	3.2		4		RCA Cinch	36-54V	CUI Inc. RCP-02	CUI Inc. RCP-05	E-Bike batteries ^[9]
9.0	5.5	1.0 (?)	10.5			?V 2A			Goal Zero Solar device Chaining cable (Sherpa only)

RadioShack Adaptaplug

RadioShack sold a line of adapter plugs for universal AC adapters. Each "Adaptaplug" had a single-letter code, but did not provide any other official designation, nor did RadioShack publish the complete specifications and tolerances on barrel and pin dimensions. RadioShack's Web site listed the diameters to the nearest 0.1 mm, and sometimes differs slightly from the official EIAJ RC-5320A standard dimensions.^{[ clarification needed ]} This list may include some parts RadioShack has discontinued but are retained here for completeness.^[10]

Adaptaplug	Outside diameter	Inside diameter	Pin diameter	Standard type	Voltage range	Ring color	Radio Shack catalog number
A	2.3 mm	0.7 mm		EIAJ-01	< 3.15 V	Yellow	273-1704
B	4.0 mm	1.7 mm		EIAJ-02	3.15–6.3 V	Yellow	273-1705
C	4.7 mm	1.7 mm		EIAJ-03	6.3–10.5 V	Yellow	273-1706
D	5.5 mm	3.3 mm	0.9 mm	EIAJ-04	10.5–13.5 V	Yellow	273-1707
E	2.5 mm (3/32" submini plug)					Black	273-1708
F	3.5 mm (1/8" mini-phone plug)					Black	273-1709
G	3.0 mm	1.1 mm				Turquoise	273-1710
H	3.4 mm	1.3 mm		IEC 60130-10 Type E		Orange	273-1711
I	3.8 mm	1.1 mm		IEC 60130-10 Type C		Pink	273-1712
J	5.0 mm	1.5 mm				Red	273-1713
K	5.0 mm	2.1 mm				Purple	273-1714
L	5.0 mm	2.5 mm				Dark Green	273-1715
M	5.5 mm	2.1 mm		IEC 60130-10 Type A		Navy	273-1716
N	5.5 mm	2.5 mm		IEC 60130-10 Type A		White	273-1717
O	5.5 mm	2.8 mm				Brown	273-1718
P	5.5 mm	3.8 mm	1.8 mm			Not Specified	273-1719
Q	6.3 mm	3.0 mm				Yellow-Green	273-1720
R	6.9 mm	4.2 mm	0.7 mm			Not Specified	273-1721
S	5.5 mm	1.5 mm				Gray	273-1722
T	6.5 mm	4.3 mm	1.4 mm	EIAJ-05	13.5–18.0 V	Yellow	273-1723
U	6.5 mm	4.1 mm / 3.10 mm	1.0 mm	IEC 60130-10 Type D?		Light Yellow	273-1724

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References

↑ "Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz. Part 10: Connectors for coupling an external low-voltage power supply to portable entertainment equipment" . International Electrotechnical Commission. 1 January 1971. IEC 60130-10 ed1.0. Retrieved 4 November 2024.
↑ Lumberg Connect GmbH. "Power supply connectors" . Retrieved 23 March 2011.
↑ "Nokia 2-mm DC Charging Interface Specification Version 1.2" (PDF). Forum.Nokia.com. 22 August 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 January 2012.
↑ http://podolsk.pro/for-mobile/Nokia/10-nsb-8-acc.pdf ^{[ bare URL PDF ]}
↑ "AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter CA-570, 8.4V 2A, (1.35/3.5mm), (2-prong) [AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter], Cheap High quality AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter CA-570, 8.4V 2A, (1.35/3.5mm), (2-prong) [AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter] : Laptop Parts Supplier, Laptop Parts Repair". www.allpoweradaptor.com. Retrieved 15 June 2020.
↑ "Switchcraft : Original DC Power Plugs".
↑ "Switchcraft : Straight DC Power Jacks".
↑ "Switchcraft : Original DC Power Plugs".
↑ "Modiary MDA254 42V RCA-plug E-bike battery charger - 3A - Ebike charger - Overige - Chargers | NKON".
↑ "RadioShack". support.radioshack.com.

External links

Guide to Understanding Power Conversion, RadioShack

Datasheets (drawings and dimensions)

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Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply.
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[1] "Connectors for frequencies below 3 MHz. Part 10: Connectors for coupling an external low-voltage power supply to portable entertainment equipment" . International Electrotechnical Commission. 1 January 1971. IEC 60130-10 ed1.0. Retrieved 4 November 2024.

[LumbergDIN-2] Lumberg Connect GmbH. "Power supply connectors" . Retrieved 23 March 2011.

[3] "Nokia 2-mm DC Charging Interface Specification Version 1.2" (PDF). Forum.Nokia.com. 22 August 2006. Archived (PDF) from the original on 5 January 2012.

[4] ttp://podolsk.pro/for-mobile/Nokia/10-nsb-8-acc.pdf ^{[ bare URL PDF ]}

[5] "AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter CA-570, 8.4V 2A, (1.35/3.5mm), (2-prong) [AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter], Cheap High quality AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter CA-570, 8.4V 2A, (1.35/3.5mm), (2-prong) [AOK For Canon Camera- AC Adapter] : Laptop Parts Supplier, Laptop Parts Repair". www.allpoweradaptor.com. Retrieved 15 June 2020.

[6] "Switchcraft : Original DC Power Plugs".

[7] "Switchcraft : Straight DC Power Jacks".

[8] "Switchcraft : Original DC Power Plugs".

[9] "Modiary MDA254 42V RCA-plug E-bike battery charger - 3A - Ebike charger - Overige - Chargers | NKON".

[10] "RadioShack". support.radioshack.com.

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