The Old World rats and mice, part of the subfamily Murinae in the family Muridae, comprise at least 519 species. Members of this subfamily are called murines. This subfamily is larger than all mammal families except the Cricetidae and Muridae, and is larger than all mammal orders except the bats and the remainder of the rodents.
Leptomys is a genus of rodent from New Guinea. It is considered part of the New Guinea Old Endemics, meaning it was part of the first wave of murine rodents to colonize the island.
Chiruromys is a genus of Old World mouse that is restricted to New Guinea and the nearby islands of Goodenough, Fergusson, and Normanby.
The white-toothed brush mouse, white-toothed melomys, or white-toothed mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found only in West Papua, Indonesia. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical dry forests and subtropical or tropical dry lowland grassland.
Coccymys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. It contains the following species:
Rümmler's brush mouse or Rümmler's mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in Indonesia and Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist montane forests and subtropical or tropical high-altitude grassland.
The long-footed water rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is found in the mountains of southern Papua New Guinea. Its natural habitat is subtropical or tropical dry forest.
Ernst Mayr's water rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae, named for evolutionary biologist Ernst Mayr. It is found in the Foja Mountains of Papua Province, Indonesia, and in the mountains of northeastern Papua New Guinea.
Pseudohydromys is a genus of rodent in the family Muridae endemic to New Guinea. It contains the following species:
The glacier rat is a species of rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to the New Guinea Highlands near Puncak Trikora and Puncak Jaya, West Papua, Indonesia. Its altitudinal range is 3,225–4,500 m (10,581–14,764 ft) above sea level.
The Bosavi woolly rat is a species of rodent that was discovered deep in the jungle of Papua New Guinea in 2009. It is believed to belong to the genus Mallomys, within the family Muridae, according to initial investigation, although this has yet to be published. The name Bosavi woolly rat is still provisional and a scientific name has yet to be given.
The southern small-toothed moss mouse is a species of rodent in the family Muridae found on the slopes of Mount Bosavi, Papua New Guinea.
The New Ireland forest rat is a large rodent in the family Muridae. It is endemic to New Ireland, in the Bismarck Archipelago, Papua New Guinea.
Baiyankamys is a genus of amphibious murid rodents. It was originally described, along with the species Baiyankamys shawmayeri by Hinton in 1943 after he found the remains of a single individual in south east of the Bismarck Mountain Range, north east New Guinea. Tate, in 1951 and, Laurie and Hill in 1954, confirmed the existence of both the species and genus.
Coccymys shawmayeri is a rodent in the family of Muridae native to New Guinea. The species was described in 2009.
Leptomys paulus is a small rodent belonging to the family Muridae endemic to New Guinea.
Leptomys arfakensis is a species of rodent in the family of Muridae. It is found in the Arfak Mountains of West Papua, Indonesia.
Laurie’s moss mouse is a species of mouse belonging to the family Muridae that is endemic to Papua New Guinea. It was first described in 2009.
Woolley's moss mouse,, is a species of mouse endemic to Papua New Guinea. It was first described in 2009.
The white-bellied moss mouse,, is a species of mouse endemic to Papua New Guinea. It was first described in 2009. The type specimen was an adult male found between 800–850 m, in Southern Highlands Province of Papua New Guinea.
