If you have just labeled this page as a potential copyright issue, please follow the instructions for filing at the bottom of the box.
The previous content of this page or section has been identified as posing a potential copyright issue, as a copy or modification of the text from the source(s) below, and is now listed at Copyright problems(listing):
Unless the copyright status of the text of this page or section is clarified and determined to be compatible with Wikipedia's content license, the problematic text and revisions or the entire page may be deleted one week after the time of its listing(i.e. after 21:50, 15 July 2022 (UTC)).
Temporarily, the original posting is still accessible for viewing in the page history.
To confirm your permission, you can either display a notice to this effect at the site of original publication or send an e-mail from an address associated with the original publication to permissions-enwikimedia.org or a postal letter to the Wikimedia Foundation. These messages must explicitly permit use under CC BY-SA and the GFDL. See Wikipedia:Donating copyrighted materials.
Note that articles on Wikipedia must be written from a neutral point of view and must be verifiable in published third-party sources; consider whether, copyright issues aside, your text is appropriate for inclusion in Wikipedia.
You can demonstrate that this text is in the public domain or is already under a license suitable for Wikipedia. Click "Show" to see how.
Otherwise, you may rewrite this page without copyright-infringing material. Click "Show" to read where and how.
Your rewrite should be placed on this page, where it will be available for an administrator or clerk to review it at the end of the listing period. Follow this link to create the temporary subpage.
Simply modifying copyrighted text is not sufficient to avoid copyright infringement—if the original copyright violation cannot be cleanly removed or the article reverted to a prior version, it is best to write the article from scratch. (See Wikipedia:Close paraphrasing.)
For license compliance, any content used from the original article must be properly attributed; if you use content from the original, please leave a note at the top of your rewrite saying as much. You may duplicate non-infringing text that you had contributed yourself.
It is always a good idea, if rewriting, to identify the point where the copyrighted content was imported to Wikipedia and to check to make sure that the contributor did not add content imported from other sources. When closing investigations, clerks and administrators may find other copyright problems than the one identified. If this material is in the proposed rewrite and cannot be easily removed, the rewrite may not be usable.
Posting copyrighted material without the express permission of the copyright holder is considered copyright infringement, which is both illegal and against Wikipedia policy.
If you have express permission, this must be verified either by explicit release at the source or by e-mail or letter to the Wikimedia Foundation. See Wikipedia:Declaration of consent for all enquiries.
Policy requires that we block those who repeatedly post copyrighted material without express permission.
Instructions for filing
If you have tagged the article for investigation, please complete the following steps:
To hide a section instead of an entire article, add the template to the beginning of the section and {{Copyvio/bottom}} at the end of the portion you intend to blank.
This page will be hidden from search engine results until the copyright issue is resolved.
A native of Frankfurt, Germany, Countess Leon was the daughter of Johann and Anna Maria Heuser. She claimed to have married Bernhard Müller, a Christian mystic also of Germany, who was known as Count Leon, or Count de Leon. The couple had three children, Johanna Schardt, Joseph Maximilian, and Anna Stahl.[1][2]
In 1831, the Countess and her husband came to the United States with a like-minded group of believers. The Leons first joined a Rappite colony in Monaca in Beaver County, Pennsylvania, but because of a schism, they left that group and instead headed down the Ohio River southeast to Louisiana. They soon established their proclaimed "New Jerusalem" at Grand Ecore north of Natchitoches. When the Count and several other relatives died of cholera, the Countess moved some eighty miles north from that location near the Red River to present-day Webster Parish near Minden in northwestern Louisiana.[1]
For nearly four decades, the colony flourished under a communal arrangement until it began to decline after the American Civil War. It dispersed in 1871, when Webster Parish was created from Claiborne Parish to the immediate east.[3] The Countess then relocated north to Hot Springs, Arkansas, where she died in 1881.[4]
One of three Utopian Society settlements in North Louisiana, the Germantown Colony, located off Louisiana Highway 531, was the most successful and lasted the longest, having peaked at fifty to sixty pioneers but usually with fewer than forty followers. The settlement had been planned by Bernhard Müller, but he died at Grand Ecore on August 29, 1834, of yellow fever.[5][6]
The Countess is remembered for having maintained Old World grace and culture in rural Louisiana.[1][7]
Related Research Articles
Dora Budor is a Croatian artist who lives and works in New York. She has exhibited extensively throughout the U.S. and Europe.
↑ A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography does not clarify if the two daughters' last names are middle names or husbands' names, nor does it indicate if the son used the surname "Muller" or "Leon."
↑ "Respect for the Past, Confidence in the Future", Webster Parish Centennial, 1871-1971, pp. 13-14
↑ David James, III, "Germantown: Once Thriving and Socialistic", Minden Press, July 7, 1958, pp. 1-2
↑ A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography attributes Berhnard Müller's death to cholera.
↑ Though it is believed that Countess Leon died in Hot Springs in 1881, A Dictionary of Louisiana Biography, a publication of the Louisiana Historical Association, maintains that the death year is unsubstantiated. The publication uses two principal sources for its sketch of Countess von Leon: Pauline Jennings, "Elisa Leon: First Lady of the Germantown Colony," North Louisiana History, formerly known as North Louisiana Historical Association Journal, VIII, No. 2 (Winter 1977), and Rita Moore Krouse (1921-1995) of Minden, Fragments of a Dream: The Story of Germantown (1962).
This page is based on this Wikipedia article Text is available under the CC BY-SA 4.0 license; additional terms may apply. Images, videos and audio are available under their respective licenses.