Company type | Limited liability company |
---|---|
Founded | 1975Beverly Hills, California, U.S. | in
Founder | Michael Ovitz |
Headquarters | Century City, Los Angeles, California , U.S. |
Key people | Bryan Lourd (Co-Chairman & CEO) Kevin Huvane (Co-Chairman) Richard Lovett (Co-Chairman) James Burtson (President) |
Website | caa |
Creative Artists Agency, LLC (CAA) is an American talent and sports agency based in Los Angeles, California. With 1,800 employees in March 2016, [1] it is regarded as an influential company in the talent agency business and manages numerous clients. [2] [3]
In September 2023, French billionaire François-Henri Pinault completed the acquisition of a majority stake in CAA, in an agreement valued at 7 billion dollars. [4] [5] The purchase was made through his investment company, Groupe Artémis.
Creative Artists Agency (CAA) was formed by five agents at the William Morris Agency in 1975. [6] At a dinner, Michael Ovitz, Michael S. Rosenfeld, Ronald Meyer, Rowland Perkins, and William Haber decided to create their own agency. The agents were fired by William Morris before they could obtain financing. [7] [8]
CAA was incorporated in Delaware and had a $35,000 line of credit and a $21,000 bank loan and rented a small Century City office. Within a week, they sold a game show called Rhyme and Reason , the Rich Little Show, and The Jackson 5ive. An early plan was to form a medium-sized full-service agency, share proceeds equally, and do without nameplates on doors or formal titles or individual client lists, with guidelines like "be a team player" and "return phone calls promptly."
CAA used its writer clients to attract actors to the agency. Ovitz and CAA were the first to package films like TV shows. Representing numerous A-list actors and having about $90 million in annual bookings in the late 1970s, Ovitz led the agency to expand into the film business. [7] [8] By the mid-1990s, CAA had 550 employees, about 1,400 of Hollywood's top talent, and $150 million in revenue. [9] In the 1990s, CAA was owned mostly by several key agents, including Ovitz, Meyer, and Haber. [2]
Ovitz was good at "packaging talent for movies and TV projects" and negotiating large deals between Japanese conglomerates, such as Sony and Matsushita, with Hollywood studios, such as Columbia/TriStar and MCA. [10] Ovitz expanded the agency into advertising and telecommunications. [10] In 1992, the Coca-Cola Company placed CAA in charge of much of its marketing campaign, to work alongside advertising agency McCann Erickson. [11] In 1995, CAA was described as the industry's most powerful agency. [2]
In 1995, Ron Meyer was appointed as the head of MCA, [2] and Ovitz left for Disney. After Ovitz and Meyer left, talent agent Jay Moloney took over the company but struggled with a drug addiction and left the agency soon afterward. [12] [13] [14] After Ovitz, the agency was taken over by Richard Lovett, who was made the president, along with Kevin Huvane, Rob Light, Bryan Lourd, Rick Nicita, and David O'Connor as managing partners. [15]
In 1996, several CAA agents defected to rival agency Endeavor, taking with them prominent directors and actors. [16] The partners founded the CAA Foundation in 1996 to create positive social change by encouraging volunteerism, partnerships, and donations. In 2012, it worked with Insight Labs for education reform, and contributed to its School Is Not School reform effort. [17]
CAA established CAA Marketing in 1998 to work with brands and clients for promotion purposes. [18] [19] CAA Marketing developed Chipotle's Back to the Start video [20] and created a marketing campaign for the Coca-Cola Company. [6]
In 2003, it opened a New York City office to manage theater clients. [21] [22] CAA began expanding into sports in 2006. [1] [15] From 2005 to 2015, CAA developed greater fiscal discipline, with more emphasis on profits, possibly as the result of the influence of private equity firms. [23] During these years, CAA doubled in size, from 750 to 1,500 employees. [6] In 2010, new technological developments such as the digital distribution of movies put strains on the industry. [24] There was pressure to diversify into television, publishing, concerts, and find other ways to grow. [24] In that year, private equity firm TPG Capital invested $165 million with an additional $200 million in debt financing. [24]
CAA began an expansion into sports in 2006, under the leadership of CEO Richard Lovett. [1] [15] A report in USA Today suggested that CAA's development of its sports-related clientele was significant in 2007. [25] A report in Nexus magazine in 2015 suggested that CAA was well-positioned to develop the E-Sports market. [26] CAA puts together deals for sports stars such as writing their clients into fitness apps. [27]
CAA's agents scrambled to deal with a strike by the Screen Actors Guild in 2008. [28] In 2010, TPG Capital gained a 35% interest in the agency and pledged $500 million for investments. [29] The transaction enabled acquisitions in areas such as sports and overseas operations. [30]
It later sold a controlling stake to TPG Capital in October 2014. [31] In 2015, TPG Capital was reported to own 53% of CAA. [26] CAA is co-owner with an investment bank. [1]
CAA has diversified into different businesses such as sports marketers and leagues and digital commerce. [6] In 2014, CAA has been undergoing a transformation from relying solely on booking talent, into engineering multimedia deals worldwide. [6] To this end, CAA established CAA Ventures, a venture capital fund that has supported products such as the Whisper app. [32]
The WGA, which in 2019 held a dispute between the top four Hollywood talent agencies (William Morris Endeavor, Creative Artists Agency, United Talent Agency and ICM Partners), [33] on September 30, 2020, asked CAA to sell a majority stake in their Content company wiip for reaching a deal, [34] with CAA accepting their divestment on December 16, 2020 [35] and selling the majority of it to a South Korean studio, JTBC. [36]
In June 2022, nine months after it was announced that CAA would acquire ICM Partners, [37] a deal valued at $750 million was reached between the agencies. [38] - following the acquisition, about 425 ICM staffers and agents were slated to join CAA. [39] In September 2023, French billionaire François-Henri Pinault agreed to buy a majority stake. [40]
CAA has employed top sports agents such as Tom Condon, Jeff Berry, and Tory Dandy. [43] [44]
CAA president Richard Lovett is regarded as shunning media attention and keeping a low profile. [1] Lovett took the job position at CAA in 1995, and he was described as a "skillful agent" with a "trademark ever-ready smile" adept at schmoozing and hobnobbing with colleagues and studio heads. [45] Lovett was described in The Wall Street Journal as being "elegantly aggressive." [1]
Top agencies frequently raid each other's staff, and when key people defect to rivals, it makes news headlines and often leads to legal battles over breach-of-contract claims. [46] When agents defect, the rivalry can quickly devolve into vicious battles played out in courtrooms and in the media. When key CAA clients Will Ferrell and Chris Pratt defected to rival United Talent Agency (UTA) in 2015, and were later followed by ten agents, it erupted into a full-frontal legal battle between the warring agencies. [47] In the lawsuit, CAA accused UTA of conducting a "lawless, midnight raid" as part of an "illegal and unethical conspiracy" with agents deliberately delaying meetings with clients to divert business to UTA. [47] In a bitter lawsuit and countersuit between CAA and UTA in 2015, which began after a slew of CAA's agents departed for UTA, there were accusations of fraud, malicious untruths, lying, and a range of charges including a "breach of duty of loyalty" as well as "conspiracy to breach fiduciary duty." [48]
Rivalry is not limited to rank-and-file agents, but can take the form of public barbs by company CEOs. [49] Grudges can last for years; for example, movie producer Jay Weston sued CAA in 1979 about the rights to a film, and years later, it was revealed that Weston was "totally ostracized" by the agency. In effect, CAA would do the minimally required legal tasks of passing along required offers but otherwise staying uninvolved. [50]
Some agents have had a reputation in the public's mind of living in a world of "fast cars, rooftop bars and foul-mouthed, phone-throwing power brokers," according to an account in the Los Angeles Times . [23]
CAA agent Jay Moloney led a colorful yet self-destructive life. Moloney interned at CAA while studying at USC, became the right-hand man of Michael Ovitz, worked with clients such as Leonardo DiCaprio and made millions, dated actresses such as Jennifer Grey and Gina Gershon, and "battled personal demons" and became a "slave to cocaine"; Moloney committed suicide at age 35. [51]
In 2004, the HBO production entitled Entourage was made about a fictional Hollywood agent named Ari Gold. [52] According to one report, the fictional Ari Gold character may have been based on a hybrid between an "even-keeled" Creative Artists Agency agent named Jeff Jacobs and an "abrasive 'go-for-the-jugular'" William Morris Endeavor agent named Ari Emanuel. [52] The report suggested that images like these may contribute to the public perception of agents as foul-mouthed and aggressive bullies. [52]
Perhaps because of its dominance in the industry, CAA agents have a reputation for being "coldhearted Hollywood power brokers," according to one report in The Wall Street Journal. [6]
The agency has been accused of blacklisting people who did or said things that the agency did not want publicized; for example, Courtney Love said that she was "eternally banned" beginning 2005 by CAA after making a negative comment about Miramax producer Harvey Weinstein. [41] Uma Thurman left CAA on November 22, 2017, the day before making an Instagram post addressing accusations against Harvey Weinstein. [53]
With many clients, agents charge a percentage fee based on monies that their clients make; one estimate was that CAA charges 10% of what its movie and television clients are paid. [6]
CAA chiefs including Michael Ovitz, Ron Meyer and Bill Haber built the agency by packaging actors and directors with literary clients, [16] but the scope of deal-making has widened in recent decades. For example, CAA crafted a deal between toy-maker Hasbro, DreamWorks and Paramount Pictures, along with numerous CAA writers and directors, to make the movie franchise Transformers . [15] [54] Sometimes deal-making entails creating new technology firms. [1] CAA even manages deals with the estates of long-dead clients such as reggae musician Bob Marley, who died in 1981. [55] CAA helped one former politician create an online career institute. [56] CAA sold sponsorship rights for a baseball stadium in San Francisco. [6]
While talent agencies can grow by making acquisitions, CAA has generally grown organically by bringing in new clients. [6] The company divided its agents into two camps: traditional agents who manage the career tracks of 1,000 stars, and specialists in investment banking, consulting, advertising and digital media. The agency can use its more glamorous clients in film and TV to craft deals with steadier income streams; for example, using clients such as Julia Roberts, they can assemble marketing programs for less glamorous clients, [6] such as Nationwide Insurance. [57]
When Hollywood agents change firms, and take stars and talent with them, it can have major financial repercussions for the departing agency, [16] and can lead to much confusion as lawyers pour over the fine print of numerous contracts.
To market themselves, talent agencies often cater exclusive parties following awards ceremonies such as the Golden Globes. [58] In 2013, CAA threw a party at the Sundance Film Festival which caused embarrassment and a public relations backlash, where "guests mingled with lingerie-clad women pretending to snort prop cocaine, erotic dancers outfitted with sex toys and an Alice in Wonderland look-alike performing a simulated sex act on a man in a rabbit costume." [59]
In the late 1980s, CAA commissioned architect I. M. Pei to design a new headquarters building at the corner of Santa Monica and Wilshire Boulevards in Beverly Hills. The 75,000-square-foot (7,000 m2) building consists of two curved wings set around a central atrium with a skylight that rises into a conical glass tower. [60] The 57-foot (17 m) high atrium was designed as an art-filled formal reception hall with a 100-seat screening room and gourmet kitchen and displays a 27-foot (8.2 m) by 18-foot (5.5 m) mural by Roy Lichtenstein. The design used feng shui principles. [61]
In 2007, CAA relocated to a new building in Century City, a district of Los Angeles. [61] The new headquarters are sometimes referred to as "The Death Star" by entertainment professionals. [6] CAA has offices in Los Angeles, New York, Nashville, London, Beijing, Atlanta, Miami, Chicago, Memphis, Stockholm, Munich and Switzerland.
In January 2022, CAA announced it would move its headquarters across the street from its existing office in 2026. [62]
CAA was formed in 1975 from defections from the William Morris Agency, and there continue to be about four or five major talent agencies.
In 2009, William Morris Agency and Endeavor merged to form William Morris Endeavor (WME). As of 2015, CAA and WME are the largest agencies in the business. [24] [26] In 2014, WME bought IMG Worldwide, a fashion and sports agency, for $2.4 billion. [6] In 2014, WME had 4500 employees while CAA had 1500 employees. [6] WME had a larger share of sports-related clients. [6] The rivalry can get cantankerous: in one instance, the William Morris Endeavor agency placed dozens of ads around the city using Creative Artists Agency's red-and-white color signature with the headline being CAAN'T, a "playful nod to the CAA acronym." [6] [63] The agencies compete by "regularly poaching agents and clients from one another." [6]
In Jay McInerney's short story "The Business" from How It Ended, the main character is a screenwriter represented by CAA.[ citation needed ] CAA's building is featured in the video game Midnight Club: Los Angeles .[ citation needed ]
In December 2017, there were reports that the agency was actively involved in coverups relating to abuse and harassment by disgraced Miramax executive Harvey Weinstein. [64] Variety, citing a report in The New York Times , reported that at least eight agents knew about the ongoing harassment yet continued to do business with Weinstein, and even sent actresses to meet with him in situations where they might have been vulnerable to his predations. [64] [65] Actress Uma Thurman accused the agency of being connected to Weinstein's predatory behavior. [66] In 2005, Courtney Love advised young actresses in an interview, "If Harvey Weinstein invites you to a private party in the Four Seasons, don't go." [67] Love later said that she was "banned" by CAA for speaking out about Weinstein. [68]
In October 2023, Maha Dakhil resigned from the agency’s internal board after making comments on social media critical of Israel during Israel-Hamas war. The post read, “You’re currently learning who supports genocide,” and she added her own caption: “That’s the line for me.” [69] This was in reference to the CAA making a statement in support of Israel in an Instagram post. [70]
Michael Steven Ovitz is an American businessman. He was a talent agent who co-founded Creative Artists Agency (CAA) in 1975 and served as its chairman until 1995. Ovitz later served as president of The Walt Disney Company for only 16 months, from October 1995 to January 1997.
ICM Partners was a talent and literary agency with offices in Los Angeles, New York City, Washington, D.C., and London. The company represented clients in the fields of motion pictures, television, music, publishing, live performance, branded entertainment and new media. Its corporate headquarters were in Constellation Place in Century City, Los Angeles. In 2022, ICM became part of Creative Artists Agency.
A talent agent, or booking agent, is a person who finds work for actors, authors, broadcast journalists, film directors, musicians, models, professional athletes, screenwriters, writers, and other professionals in various entertainment or sports businesses. In addition, an agent defends, supports and promotes the interest of their clients. Talent agencies specialize, either by creating departments within the agency or developing entire agencies that primarily or wholly represent one specialty. For example, there are modeling agencies, commercial talent agencies, literary agencies, voice-over agencies, broadcast journalist agencies, sports agencies, music agencies and many more.
Ariel Zev Emanuel is an American businessman and the CEO of Endeavor, an entertainment and media agency that owns the UFC and WWE. He was a founding partner of the Endeavor Talent Agency and was instrumental in shaping its June 2009 merger with the William Morris Agency.
United Talent Agency (UTA) is a global talent agency based in Beverly Hills, California. Established in 1991, it represents artists and other professionals across the entertainment industry. As of 2021, the company has more than 1,400 global employees. UTA has divisions focused on film, television, music, sports, digital, books, video games, branding and licensing, speaking, marketing, fine arts, news, and broadcasting, among others. The agency also operates the non-profit UTA Foundation.
The Endeavor Talent Agency was a Beverly Hills-based talent agency founded by Ari Emanuel, Rick Rosen, Tom Strickler, and David Greenblatt. It was launched in March 1995 and went on to represent a wide variety of acclaimed film and television stars. In April 2009, Emanuel and Endeavor executive Patrick Whitesell orchestrated a merger with the William Morris Agency, resulting in William Morris Endeavor. William Morris Endeavor was renamed Endeavor in October 2017.
The Writers Guild of America, East (WGAE) is a labor union representing writers in film, television, radio, news, and online media.
In film industry terminology, movie packaging or film packaging is a type of product bundling in which a top-level talent agency starts up a film or television project using writers, directors and/or actors it represents, before giving other agencies a chance to submit their clients for the project. For this service, the talent agency negotiates a packaging fee. Packaging is frequently done by the "big four" talent agencies Creative Artists Agency (CAA), Endeavor, United Talent Agency, and ICM Partners.
APA was a diversified talent agency in the entertainment industry with headquarters in Los Angeles, New York, Nashville, Atlanta, Toronto, and London. Founded in 1962 by a group of former MCA agents in New York, the company represented actors, writers, producers, showrunners, directors, performers, physical production services, film studios, as well as luxury and lifestyle brands across all media platforms worldwide. The agency also packaged feature films and television series such as Away on Netflix, The Dublin Murders on Showtime, All Rise on CBS, and For Life on ABC, as well as classic TV series Home Improvement and Roseanne. APA was one of the first among the top 5 packaging agencies to sign The WGA's new franchise agreement on January 21, 2020, when the agency integrated its Television and Motion Picture departments under one APA Scripted Literary banner.
The Mailroom: Hollywood History from the Bottom Up is a 2003 book by David Rensin that recounts what it is like to work in the mailroom in Hollywood’s most prestigious talent agencies. Rensin interviewed over 200 mailroom graduates from agencies like William Morris Agency and Creative Artists Agency. Mailroom employees often aspire to become agents, themselves.
Endeavor Group Holdings, Inc. is an American holding company for talent and media agencies with its primary offices in Beverly Hills, California. The company was founded in April 2009 after the merger of the William Morris Agency and Endeavor Talent Agency. Endeavor represents artists in film, television, music, theater, digital media, and publishing. It also represents the NFL and NHL. Endeavor is majority owner of World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE) and Ultimate Fighting Championship (UFC) through TKO Group. In collegiate athletics Endeavor-Learfield IMG represents The American, A10, Big 12, Conference USA, Horizon League, MAC, MEAC, OVC, SEC and WCC.
Patrick Whitesell is an American businessman and executive chairman of Endeavor, an entertainment and media agency. He joined the Endeavor Talent Agency as a partner in February 2001, where he was a member of the company’s Executive Committee.
The William Morris Agency (WMA) was a Hollywood-based talent agency. It represented some of the best known 20th-century entertainers in film, television, and music. During its 109-year tenure it came to be regarded as the "first great talent agency in show business".
John Michael Fogelman is an American entrepreneur. He is the CEO of FactoryMade Ventures, an entertainment and media incubator. Formerly Executive Vice President and Head of the Motion Picture Department and the Intellectual Property Group at the William Morris Agency (WMA), Fogelman was a principal architect of the merger between William Morris and Endeavor Talent Agency, and served as a founding board member and an agent after the companies merged in 2009. He left William Morris Endeavor in 2011 to found FactoryMade.
Michael Stuart Rosenfeld was a talent agent, movie producer, and co-founder of Creative Artists Agency.
Martin "Marty" Baum was an American talent agent known for his work at the Creative Artists Agency (CAA), including the first head of the agency's motion picture department. During his career, which spanned from the 1940s until 2010, his client list at CAA and other agencies included Bette Davis, Jack Lemmon, Bobby Darin, Bo Derek, Richard Attenborough, Red Buttons, Maggie Smith and Rock Hudson. Baum was also the President of ABC Pictures, the film division of the American Broadcasting Company (ABC), from 1968 until 1971.
Daniel Aaron Aloni or Dan Aloni is an American talent agent and Managing Partner at William Morris Endeavor (WME). He was previously a partner at Creative Artists Agency (CAA) and United Talent Agency (UTA), where he was Co-Head of Motion Picture Literary department.
James David "Jay" Moloney was an American Hollywood talent agent. Moloney was a top Creative Artists Agency (CAA) agent and a protégé of CAA founder Michael Ovitz. He died by suicide at age 35.
Rick Nicita is an American entertainment executive, talent agent, and motion picture/TV producer. Nicita is a former co-chairman and managing partner of Creative Artists Agency.
Andrew Weitz is an American fashion stylist. He previously worked as a talent agent at William Morris Endeavor.
...Few people in Hollywood have been as powerful for as long as Richard Lovett, and few of them have kept so low a profile. ....
...Hollywood is still reeling from the surprise appointment of Ron Meyer, the president of Creative Artists Agency, as head of MCA, after his partner Michael Ovitz turned down the job....
Within the entertainment industry, the glass-and-steel headquarters of Creative Artists Agency LLC is called the "Death Star," a reference to its occupants' reputation as coldhearted Hollywood power brokers.
...Mid-1980s to present ... Michael Ovitz ... perfecting the art of packaging talent for movies and TV projects ... negotiating mega-deals ... into the uncharted waters of advertising and telecommunications.
... Coca-Cola Co. has turned over sizable responsibility for its 1993 marketing campaign to Hollywood's Creative Artists Agency ... CAA may ultimately wield more creative clout over that marketing plan than McCann....
... Creative Artists Agency, Hollywood's pre-eminent talent representative, ... "Transformers" ... brought a lesson in the cold-hearted ways of corporate entertainment ... a scant month before the picture's release ... Hasbro decided to jettison Creative Artists and jump to the rival William Morris, ...
... Hollywood agents ... financial ramifications for the company left behind because agents often walk out the door with many of their highly paid clients....
...Hollywood's talent agencies have long had a reputation ... fast cars, rooftop bars and foul-mouthed, phone-throwing power brokers who will stop at nothing — and spare no expense — to advance their clients' interests.....
... The new environment leaves Hollywood's four top agencies facing a marketplace unlike any other in history, causing some—like ICM—to diversify its businesses by expanding its representation services further into television, publishing, and the concert arena.
... talent agencies are critical to the future of sports and digital entertainment ... broker for information and opportunities....
...Creative Artists Agency ... fitness app....
...Talent agents love the glory as much as anyone but generally prefer to keep the spotlight on their clients. ...
... Tom Condon ... arguably the NFL's most powerful agent, evidenced by his A-list of clients...
... When Richard Lovett took over the top job at Creative Artists Agency in 1995, ... skillful agent....
...Creative Artists Agency suffered a major blow this week with the defection of at least 10 agents ... start of a long-term legal battle... sue on breach-of-contract claims ....
...United Talent Agency ... stealing movie star clients like Will Ferrell and Chris Pratt from the powerful Creative Artists Agency... full-scale fight... filed suit ... for recruiting 10 of its agents in what it called a "lawless, midnight raid." ... accuses United Talent and two defectors of organizing an "illegal and unethical conspiracy"....
...United Talent Agency is seeking a dramatic rewrite ... with UTA declaring CAA's accusations of fraud and malice untruths ...
...Ari Emanuel, co-CEO of William Morris Endeavor, said his rival CAA is "still stuck in the '90s" ...
...a CAA grudge ... can last for years. ... Jay Weston ... made the mistake of suing the agency in 1979 over a film rights dispute ... totally ostracized ...
Vol. 52 No. 22 ... Jay Moloney ... crowned the boy wonder of Hollywood agents ... dated actresses Jennifer Grey and Gina Gershon ... slave to cocaine...
...the real attention-getter, at least in the power precincts of Hollywood, may be the caustic portrayal of the young star's agent, Ari Gold...
...Bob Marley died ... has attracted new deals with Creative Artists Agency and giant music merchandising company Bravado. ...
...Steve Poizner ... online university at UCLA, in partnership with Hollywood talent agency Creative Artists agency....
...A-list actress Julia Roberts does not appear in the insurer's new ads, but she serves as the voice-over for the campaign, called "Join the Nation."...
...The pair were spotted ... at the Creative Artists Agency's Golden Globes afterparty...
... Sundance Film Festival ... bash thrown by Hollywood's powerful Creative Artists Agency on Sunday night took festival revelry in an unexpectedly bawdy direction....
... the subject of a derisive advertising blitz by rival William Morris Endeavor ... Dozens of ads ... featured the word 'CAAN'T' in Creative Artists Agency's signature red-and-white color scheme ...