Croatia | Egypt |
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Egypt recognized newly independent Croatia on 16 April 1992 and the two countries established diplomatic relations on 1 October 1992. [1] Croatia has an embassy in Cairo and an honorary consulate in Alexandria. [1] The Cairo Embassy also officially handles the countries of Bahrain, Ethiopia, Yemen, Jordan, Qatar, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Sudan and the UAE, as well as Djibouti, Eritrea and Iraq in certain matters. [2] Egypt has an embassy in Zagreb. [3] Both countries are members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
Approximately 2,700 workers from what is now Croatia worked on the construction of Suez Canal. [4] SFR Yugoslavia maintained good relations with Egypt, especially through the Non-Aligned Movement. In the 1970s and 1980s numerous Croatian companies had Egypt and other Arab countries as a capital export market, [5] including INGRA, [6] and the Croatian authorities have been trying to re-create these opportunities with various investment-related activities. [5] [7] Numerous Croatian officials made official visits to Egypt, [1] and most recently Hosni Mubarak was in Zagreb in October 2009, [8] while Jadranka Kosor returned the visit in December 2010. [9] Croatian companies made some inroads in the Egyptian market, notably including an oil exploration concession for INA in 2002 that became significant in 2007. [10] In early 2011, many Croatian workers were evacuated from Egypt, including those of INA, as the 2011 Egyptian revolution started. [11] In July 2011, the Croatian Government complied with the decision of the Council of the European Union to freeze Egyptian assets in connection to Mubarak and 18 connected persons. [12]
In 2015, Croatian citizen Tomislav Salopek was abducted by the ISIL-affiliated Sinai Province Islamist militant organization. Sinai Province published a still image purporting to show Salopek's decapitated body on 12 August 2015. [13]
The foreign relations of Croatia is primarily formulated and executed via its government which guides the state's interactions with other nations, their citizens, and foreign organizations. Active in global affairs since the 9th century, modern Croatian diplomacy is considered to have formed following their independence from Yugoslavia in 1991. As an independent state, Croatia established diplomatic relations with most world nations – 187 states in total – during the 1990s, starting with Germany (1991) and ending most recently with Togo (2023). Croatia has friendly relations with most of its neighboring countries, namely Slovenia, Hungary, Montenegro, and Italy. They maintain colder, more tense relations with Serbia as well as Bosnia and Herzegovina due to historic nation-building conflict and differing political ideologies.
The foreign, diplomatic, economic, and political relations between Croatia and the United States were established on April 7, 1992 following the dissolution of Yugoslavia. After Croatia's debut as an independent state in 1996, the U.S. established the country as its most important political connection to Southeast Europe. Modern relations are considered to be warm and friendly, with stalwart bilateral collaboration. The Croatian diaspora in the U.S. is estimated to be around 500,000 which, in part, informs the foreign policy of Croatia. The two nations have strong connectivity through tourism, immigration, foreign aid, and economic mutualism.
Croatia–Ukraine relations are foreign relations between Croatia and Ukraine. The countries established diplomatic relations on 18 February 1992. Croatia has an embassy in Kyiv and an honorary consulate in Donetsk. Ukraine has an embassy in Zagreb and honorary consulates in Malinska and Split. Croatia supports Ukraine's European Union and NATO membership.
The foreign relations between Croatia and Hungary are bound together by shared history, political development and geography. The two states established diplomatic relations on 18 January 1992 following the dissolution of Yugoslavia and the independence of Croatia.
French-Serbian relations are foreign relations between France and Serbia. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 1839, between the French Third Republic and the Principality of Serbia. Both countries are members of the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Partnership for Peace, and the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE). After a short period of severance caused by the 1999 NATO bombing of Yugoslavia, France's diplomatic relations with Serbia were restored on 16 November 2000. Since 2006, Serbia is an observer on the Francophonie. France is also an EU member and Serbia is an EU candidate. There are between 70,000 and 100,000 people of Serbian descent living in France.
Croatia–Slovakia relations are foreign relations between Croatia and Slovakia. Croatia has an embassy in Bratislava. Slovakia has an embassy in Zagreb and honorary consulates in Osijek and Split.
Croatia–Poland relations are foreign relations between Croatia and Poland. Both countries are full members of the European Union, NATO, OECD, OSCE, Three Seas Initiative and the Council of Europe. Poland gave full support to Croatia's membership in the European Union and NATO.
Croatia–Syria relations are bilateral relations between Croatia and the Syrian Arab Republic. Both countries established diplomatic relations on 29 August 1997. Croatia is represented in Syria through its embassy in Cairo in Egypt and an honorary consulate in Damascus. Syria is represented in Croatia through its embassy in Budapest, Hungary and an honorary consulate in Zagreb. Both countries are full members of the Union for the Mediterranean, although Syria suspended its membership in 2011.
The foreign relations between Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) and Croatia are bound together by shared history, language, neighboring geography and cultural commonalties. They established diplomatic relations in 1992, following the dissolution of Yugoslavia and independence of Croatia. The two countries share a 932-kilometer (579 mi) border – the second longest external land border in the European Union (EU). Modern relations between the two states are functional but remain tense after ineffective 21st-century attempts to détente.
Croatia–Czech Republic relations are foreign relations between Croatia and the Czech Republic. Croatia has an embassy in Prague and an honorary consulate in Brno. The Czech Republic has an embassy in Zagreb.
Denmark–Egypt relations are foreign relations between Denmark and Egypt. Denmark has an embassy in Cairo, and consulates in Suez, Port Said and Cairo. Egypt has an embassy in Copenhagen. Both countries are members of the Union for the Mediterranean.
The murder of Tomislav Salopek, a Croatian expatriate worker, in Egypt, by the ISIL-affiliated Sinai Province, was the first such incident affecting a Croatian citizen. On 12 August 2015, Sinai Province published a still image purporting to show Salopek's decapitated body.
Croatia and Belarus established diplomatic relations on 22 September 1992. Though geographically not very close, Croatia and Belarus are both Slavic countries and thus share certain cultural and linguistic similarities.
Diplomatic relations between the republics of Croatia and Ireland were established on 27 January 1995 following Croatia's independence from SFR Yugoslavia. Ireland recognised Croatia as an independent state on 15 January 1992. Croatia is represented in Ireland through consulate and embassy in Dublin, while Ireland is represented in Croatia through its embassy and consulate in Zagreb. Both countries are full members of Council of Europe and of the European Union. In 2019, Croatian community in Ireland counted around 20,000 people.
Grabovac Banski is a village in central Croatia, in the Town of Petrinja, Sisak-Moslavina County. It is connected by the D30 highway.
Czechoslovakia–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between Czechoslovakia and Yugoslavia, both of which are now-defunct states. Czechoslovakia and the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes were both created as union states of smaller Slavic ethnic groups. Both were created after the dissolution of Austria-Hungary, itself a multinational empire unable to appease its Slavic populations or implement a trialist reform in its final years.
India–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between India and now split-up Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. Yugoslavia established full diplomatic relations with India on 5 December 1948 following the 1948 Tito–Stalin split. Initially two countries developed their relations at the UN Security Council in 1949 during their shared membership. In the period of the Cold War both countries were the founders and among core members of the Non-Aligned Movement.
Norway–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between Norway and now split-up Yugoslavia.
Belgium–Yugoslavia relations were historical foreign relations between Belgium and now split-up Yugoslavia. During the time of Yugoslav existence both countries were European multicultural societies and both implemented federalization reforms in the 1970s with the beginning of the state reform in Belgium and adoption of the 1974 Yugoslav Constitution.