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Helen J. Nicholson FRHistS FLSW is Professor of Medieval History and former Head of the History Department at Cardiff University. She is a world-leading expert on the military religious orders and the Crusades, including the history of the Templars.
Bahram al-Da'i or Bahram of Astarabad was a 12th-century Persian Nizari Ismaili who was the Chief Da'i and leader of the Assassins in Syria from after 1113 through 1128. Although his attempt to establish a Nizari base in Damascus was unsuccessful, he had an important role in organizing Nizari presence in Northern and Southern Syria.
Shams al-Din Muhammad ibn al-Muqaddam was the 1st Emir of Baalbek under Ayyubid Dynasty, Although he was not from Ayyubid origin. He was a military commander first in the service of Nur ad-Din, the Zengid ruler of Syria and Iraq, later of Saladin, the Ayyubid ruler of Egypt, Syria and Iraq.
References
- ↑ ashgate.com Archived 2014-07-14 at the Wayback Machine . May 1996.
- ↑ "ashgate.com: Series detail". Archived from the original on 2014-07-14. Retrieved 2017-03-17.