D. James Baker | |
---|---|
Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere 7th Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration | |
In office 1993–2001 | |
President | Bill Clinton |
Preceded by | John Knauss |
Succeeded by | Conrad Lautenbacher |
Personal details | |
Born | Long Beach,California | March 23,1937
Alma mater | Stanford University Cornell University University of Rhode Island |
Occupation | oceanographer,physicist,academic |
Donald James Baker (born March 23,1937) is an American scientist who was trained as a physicist,practiced as an oceanographer,and has held science and management positions in academia,non-profit institutions,and government agencies. He a former Under Secretary of Commerce for Atmosphere and Oceans and administrator of the U.S. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA),and currently director,Global Carbon Measurement Program,William J. Clinton Foundation working with forestry programs in developing countries with the aim of reducing carbon dioxide emissions and at the same time helping alleviate poverty.
Baker was born in Long Beach,California. [1] He graduated from Stanford University with a B.S. degree in physics,and obtained his Ph.D. in experimental physics in 1962 from Cornell University. He was a post-doctoral fellow in oceanography at the University of Rhode Island under John Knauss,who later preceded Baker as Under Secretary of Commerce and administrator of NOAA. He was awarded a post-doctoral fellowship to work with Nobel Laureate Melvin Calvin at the Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory of the University of California on photosynthesis. In 1964,he moved to Harvard University,where he served as Assistant and Associate Professor of Oceanography. From Harvard,he joined the University of Washington in 1973,where he held a faculty position and co-founded and served as the first dean of the College of Ocean and Fishery Sciences. During that period he also served as a group leader for Deep-Sea Physics at NOAA's Pacific Marine Environmental Laboratory. In 1983,he moved to Washington,D.C. where he served as President of Joint Oceanographic Institutions,Incorporated,managing the international Ocean Drilling Program and coordinating an ocean community effort on oceanography from space with NASA. He was appointed by President William J. Clinton as Under Secretary of Commerce and administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in 1993 and served until 2001,the longest tenure of any person in that position to date. During that period he also served a co-chair of the interagency Committee on Environment and Natural Resources,an ex officio member of the President's Council on Sustainable Development,and as the U.S. Whaling Commissioner,as well as serving briefly as chair of the Council on Environmental Quality. In 2002,he became the president and chief executive officer of the Academy of Natural Sciences in Philadelphia,established in 1812 and the oldest natural history museum in the western hemisphere. He has served as a science and management consultant to the Intergovernmental Oceanographic Commission of UNESCO in Paris,France and to the H. John Heinz Center for Science,Economics,and the Environment in Washington,D.C. He joined the Clinton Foundation in 2007. He currently holds faculty appointments at the University of Pennsylvania,the University of Delaware,and is a visiting senior fellow at the Center for the Analysis of Time Series at the London School of Economics and Political Science. Over almost the last two decades he has been an advisor to former Vice President Al Gore and he has given advice on the Oscar-winning film An Inconvenient Truth .
Baker has published more than 150 scientific and policy papers,reviews,and reports in oceanography,climate,observation technology,and sustainable development. He has joined oceanographic expeditions to many parts of the world and is the co-holder of a U.S. patent on the design of a deep-sea pressure gauge which was used to make the first deep-sea tide measurement in the Antarctic Ocean. He is the author of the book Planet Earth:The View from Space,which was published by Harvard University Press. Baker is one of co-founders and first president of The Oceanography Society,an elected member of the American Philosophical Society,and a fellow of the American Meteorological Society and the American Association for the Advancement of Science. He has served as the B. Benjamin Zucker Environmental Fellow at Yale University. In 2008 he was awarded the Lifetime Achievement Award by Oceanology International for his "contribution to oceanography and marine science,and in 1998 the Government of India awarded him the Vikram Sarabhai Medal for his "outstanding contributions to space research in developing countries". He has been awarded two honorary degrees. He lectures regularly on the subjects of sustainability,climate change,and oceanography,has chaired numerous national and international advisory committees,and has testified frequently to the U.S. Congress.
The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration is a Washington,D.C.–based scientific and regulatory agency within the United States Department of Commerce,a United States federal government department. The agency is charged with forecasting weather,monitoring oceanic and atmospheric conditions,charting the seas,conducting deep sea exploration,and managing fishing and protection of marine mammals and endangered species in the U.S. exclusive economic zone.
Kathryn Dwyer Sullivan is an American geologist,oceanographer,and former NASA astronaut and US Navy officer. She was a crew member on three Space Shuttle missions.
The President's Council of Advisors on Science and Technology (PCAST) is a council,chartered in each administration with a broad mandate to advise the president of the United States on science and technology. The current PCAST was established by Executive Order 13226 on September 30,2001,by George W. Bush,was re-chartered by Barack Obama's April 21,2010,Executive Order 13539,by Donald Trump's October 22,2019,Executive Order 13895,and by Joe Biden's February 1,2021,Executive Order 14007.
Jane Lubchenco is an American environmental scientist and marine ecologist who teaches and conducts research at Oregon State University. Her research interests include interactions between the environment and human well-being,biodiversity,climate change,and sustainable use of oceans and the planet. From 2009 to 2013,she served as Administrator of NOAA and Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere. In February 2021,she was appointed by President Joe Biden to serve as Deputy Director for Climate and Environment in the White House Office of Science and Technology Policy.
The Environmental Science Services Administration (ESSA) was a United States Federal executive agency created in 1965 as part of a reorganization of the United States Department of Commerce. Its mission was to unify and oversee the meteorological,climatological,hydrographic,and geodetic operations of the United States. It operated until 1970,when it was replaced by the new National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
The National Science and Technology Council (NSTC) is a council in the Executive Branch of the United States. It is designed to coordinate science and technology policy across the branches of federal government.
The under secretary of commerce for oceans and atmosphere,or USC(OA),is a high-ranking official in the United States Department of Commerce and the principal advisor to the United States secretary of commerce on the environmental and scientific activities of the department. The under secretary is dual hatted as the administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration within the Commerce Department.
Conrad Charles Lautenbacher Jr. is a retired Navy Vice Admiral,was the Under Secretary for Oceans and Atmosphere within the United States Department of Commerce and the eighth administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. He was appointed to the position on December 19,2001 and resigned effective October 31,2008 in anticipation of a new White House administration. He was born in Philadelphia.
Charles F. Kennel is an American plasma physicist and former Associate Administrator of NASA. He is an elected member of the National Academy of Sciences and won the James Clerk Maxwell Prize for Plasma Physics in 1997. In 2009,he was advertised by NASA Watch as a potential pick by Barack Obama as the next NASA Administrator.
Warren Morton Washington is an American atmospheric scientist,a former chair of the National Science Board,and currently a Distinguished Scholar at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) in Boulder,Colorado.
Robert W. Corell is an American global climate scientist,principal for the Global Environment &Technology Foundation,an ambassador for ClimateWorks,professor II at the University of the Arctic's new Institute of Circumpolar Reindeer Husbandry,a professor II at the University of Tromso,and director of the Sarasota,Florida-based Climate Adaptation Center (CAC). He is a partner of the Sustainability Institute and its C-ROADS Climate Interactive Initiative,and head of US Office for the Global Energy Assessment. In 1996 he was Awarded Brazilian Order of Scientific Merit by the President of Brazil. In 2003 a Mountain region in Antarctic was named the "Corell Cirque" in his honor. He contributed to the assessment reports of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change,an organisation that was co-awarded the 2007 Nobel Peace Prize,and in 2010 he was awarded an honorary Doctor of Veterinarian Medicine by the Norges veterinærhøgskole . He joined the H. John Heinz III Center for Science,Economics and the Environment in 2006 as vice president for programs and policy.
Robert B. Gagosian is an American oceanographer. In 2016 he is acting president of the Desert Research Institute in Nevada. Gagosian served as president and CEO of the Consortium for Ocean Leadership in Washington,D.C.,from 2007 to 2015,where he is currently president emeritus. Gagosian served as president and director of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) from 1994 to 2006,where he is currently president emeritus.
John Atkinson Knauss was an American oceanographer,meteorologist and administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) from 1989 to 1993.
Susan K. Avery is an American atmospheric physicist and President Emerita of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) in Massachusetts,where she led the marine science and engineering research organization from 2008–2015. She was the ninth president and director and the first woman to hold the leadership role at WHOI. She is Professor Emerita at the University of Colorado,Boulder (UCB),where she served on the faculty from 1982–2008. While at UCB she also served in various administrative positions,including director of the Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES),a 550-member collaborative institute between UCB and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) (1994-2004);and interim positions (2004-2007) as vice chancellor for research and dean of the graduate school,and provost and executive vice chancellor for academic affairs. Currently she is a senior fellow at the Consortium for Ocean Leadership in Washington,D.C.
Rear Admiral Harley Dean Nygren was an American military officer who served in the United States Coast and Geodetic Survey Corps,its successor,the Environmental Science Services Administration Corps,and the ESSA Corps's successor,the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Commissioned Officer Corps. He served as the first Director of the NOAA Corps.
Timothy Cole Gallaudet is an American oceanographer who is a retired Rear Admiral in the United States Navy. Gallaudet previously served as the Assistant Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere within the U.S. Department of Commerce. In this function,he fulfilled the role of Acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere and Acting Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) until February 24,2019. He was the longest-tenured Acting Administrator of NOAA in the organization's history at the time he was replaced,but was subsequently surpassed by his successor,Neil Jacobs. Currently,he is the CEO of Ocean STL Consulting,LLC.,and host of The American Blue Economy Podcast.
Diana Hayward Josephson was the first woman to lead the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) when she became the acting Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere in 1993.
Dr. Anthony (Tony) John Calio was an American physicist,businessman,senior executive of NASA and the fourth Administrator of National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA).
Akkihebbal Ramaiah (Ravi) Ravishankara ForMemRS FAAAS FRSC is a scientist specializing in Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences,and University Distinguished Professor in the Departments of Chemistry and Atmospheric Sciences at Colorado State University,Fort Collins.
Richard William Spinrad is an American oceanographer and government official serving as the Administrator of the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. He also concurrently serves as Under Secretary of Commerce for Oceans and Atmosphere.
{{cite book}}
: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)